Esper学习之十四：Pattern（一）

1. Pattern Atoms and Pattern operators
Pattern是通过原子事件和操作符组合在一起构成模板。原子事件有3类，操作符有4类，具体如下：

原子事件：
1). 普通事件：包括POJO，Map，Array，XML
2). 时间事件：包括间隔n个时间单位、crontab
3). 自定义插件：用于观察特定事件的发生

操作符：
1). 重复操作符：every, every-distinct, [num] and until
2). 逻辑操作符：and, or, not
3). 顺序操作符：->（Followed by）
4). 事件生命周期操作符：timer:within, timer:withinmax, while-expression, 自定义插件

关于操作符，自然会有优先级，具体如下：

 

Precedence	Operator	Description	Example
1	guard postfix	where timer:within and while (expression) (incl. withinmax and plug-in pattern guard)	MyEvent where timer:within(1 sec)
2	unary	every, not every, distinct	every MyEvent timer:interval(5 min) and not MyEvent
3	repeat	[num], until	[5] MyEvent [1..3] MyEvent until MyOtherEvent
4	and	and	every (MyEvent and MyOtherEvent)
5	or	or	every (MyEvent or MyOtherEvent)
6	followed by	->	every (MyEvent -> MyOtherEvent)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

上面的内容各位可以先有个印象，方便理解之后的详解。

 

2. Pattern Filter Expression
Pattern的Filter表达式和普通的表达式没有区别，我就不展开讲解了，各位看看下面几个例子就好，除了Filter之外的东西暂时不用关心是什么意思。

1). every e1=RfidEvent -> e2=RfidEvent(assetId=e1.assetId)
2). every e1=RfidEvent -> e2=RfidEvent(MyLib.isInRadius(e1.x, e1.y, x, y) and zone in (1, e1.zone))
3). every (RfidEvent(zone > 1) and RfidEvent(zone < 10))

3. Controlling Event Consumption
       上面说到了Filter，因为Pattern可以由多个原子事件组成，那么Filter自然也会有多个，正常情况下，所有的Filter都会对进入引擎的事件进行判定，但是我们也有只需要判定一次的时候，只要满足了某个Filter，那么其他的Filter就不用管这个事件了。Esper考虑到了这个需求，我们只需要在Filter表达式后面加个@consume注解即可，此注解可以跟随数字，表示过滤的优先级。默认优先级为1，数值越大优先级越高。

为了结合上面几节的知识，我给了个完整的实例：

 

package example;

import com.espertech.esper.client.EPAdministrator;
import com.espertech.esper.client.EPRuntime;
import com.espertech.esper.client.EPServiceProvider;
import com.espertech.esper.client.EPServiceProviderManager;
import com.espertech.esper.client.EPStatement;
import com.espertech.esper.client.EventBean;
import com.espertech.esper.client.UpdateListener;

/**
 * Created by Luonanqin on 8/11/14.
 */
class ConsumeEvent {

    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "ConsumeEvent{" + "id=" + id + ", name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + '}';
    }
}

class PatternConsumeListener1 implements UpdateListener {

    public void update(EventBean[] newEvents, EventBean[] oldEvents) {
        if (newEvents != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < newEvents.length; i++) {
                System.out.println("a: " + newEvents[i].get("a"));
                System.out.println("b: " + newEvents[i].get("b"));
            }
        }
    }
}

class PatternConsumeListener2 implements UpdateListener {

    public void update(EventBean[] newEvents, EventBean[] oldEvents) {
        if (newEvents != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < newEvents.length; i++) {
                System.out.println("a: " + newEvents[i].get("a"));
                System.out.println("b: " + newEvents[i].get("b"));
                System.out.println("c: " + newEvents[i].get("c"));
            }
        }
    }
}

public class PatternConsumeTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        EPServiceProvider epService = EPServiceProviderManager.getDefaultProvider();
        EPAdministrator admin = epService.getEPAdministrator();
        EPRuntime runtime = epService.getEPRuntime();

        String consume = ConsumeEvent.class.getName();

        String epl1 = "every (a=" + consume + "(id = 1)@consume and b=" + consume + "(name = 'luonq'))";
        System.out.println("EPL1: " + epl1 + "\n");

        EPStatement stat1 = admin.createPattern(epl1);
        stat1.addListener(new PatternConsumeListener1());

        ConsumeEvent ce1 = new ConsumeEvent();
        ce1.setId(1);
        ce1.setName("luonq");
        System.out.println("Send Event: " + ce1);
        runtime.sendEvent(ce1);

        System.out.println();

        ConsumeEvent ce2 = new ConsumeEvent();
        ce2.setId(2);
        ce2.setName("luonq");
        System.out.println("Send Event: " + ce2);
        runtime.sendEvent(ce2);

        stat1.destroy();
        System.out.println();

        String epl2 = "every (a=" + consume + "(id = 1)@consume(2) or b=" + consume + "(name = 'luonq')@consume(3) or c=" + consume + "(age > 2))";
        System.out.println("EPL2: " + epl2 + "\n");

        EPStatement stat2 = admin.createPattern(epl2);
        stat2.addListener(new PatternConsumeListener2());

        ConsumeEvent ce3 = new ConsumeEvent();
        ce3.setId(1);
        ce3.setName("luonq");
        ce3.setAge(3);
        System.out.println("Send Event: " + ce3);
        runtime.sendEvent(ce3);

        ConsumeEvent ce4 = new ConsumeEvent();
        ce4.setId(1);
        ce4.setName("luonqin");
        ce4.setAge(1);
        System.out.println("Send Event: " + ce4);
        runtime.sendEvent(ce4);

        ConsumeEvent ce5 = new ConsumeEvent();
        ce5.setId(3);
        ce5.setName("luonqin");
        ce5.setAge(5);
        System.out.println("Send Event: " + ce5);
        runtime.sendEvent(ce5);
    }
}

执行结果：

 

 

EPL1: every (a=example.ConsumeEvent(id = 1)@consume and b=example.ConsumeEvent(name = 'luonq'))

Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=0}

Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=2, name='luonq', age=0}
a: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=0}
b: ConsumeEvent{id=2, name='luonq', age=0}

EPL2: every (a=example.ConsumeEvent(id = 1)@consume(2) or b=example.ConsumeEvent(name = 'luonq')@consume(3) or c=example.ConsumeEvent(age > 2))

Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=3}
a: null
b: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=3}
c: null
Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonqin', age=1}
a: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonqin', age=1}
b: null
c: null
Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=3, name='luonqin', age=5}
a: null
b: null
c: ConsumeEvent{id=3, name='luonqin', age=5}

这里先简单说明下，every关键字表示引擎把每个事件都进行Pattern的匹配，而不管上一个匹配是否完成。or和and就是或和且的意思，表示满足某个以及满足所有。

去掉consume的执行结果：

 

 

EPL1: every (a=example.ConsumeEvent(id = 1) and b=example.ConsumeEvent(name = 'luonq'))

Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=0}
a: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=0}
b: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=0}

Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=2, name='luonq', age=0}

EPL2: every (a=example.ConsumeEvent(id = 1) or b=example.ConsumeEvent(name = 'luonq') or c=example.ConsumeEvent(age > 2))

Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=3}
a: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonq', age=3}
b: null
c: null
Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonqin', age=1}
a: ConsumeEvent{id=1, name='luonqin', age=1}
b: null
c: null
Send Event: ConsumeEvent{id=3, name='luonqin', age=5}
a: null
b: null
c: ConsumeEvent{id=3, name='luonqin', age=5}

上面的例子可能看得不是很懂，不过没关系，等到后面讲操作符进行详解后再来回顾就很简单了。