25级第五次实验报告
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2025010089张静文
定义函数求复数取模夹角
import math # 定义复数求模和辐角函数 def complex_mod_arg(a, b): mod = math.sqrt(a**2 + b**2) # 模长 arg = math.atan2(b, a) # 弧度夹角 arg_deg = math.degrees(arg) # 转为角度 return mod, arg, arg_deg # 测试 if __name__ == "__main__": real = 3 imag = 4 mo, ang_rad, ang_deg = complex_mod_arg(real, imag) print(f"模：{mo:.2f}") print(f"弧度：{ang_rad:.2f}")
2025010090殷慧湘
import numpy as np
def get_matrix_rank(mat):
"""
调用numpy求矩阵的秩
:param mat: 二维列表 / np.array
:return: 矩阵的秩
"""
arr = np.array(mat, dtype=float)
return np.linalg.matrix_rank(arr)
# 测试示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
A = [[1, 2, 3], [2, 4, 6], [1, 0, 1]]
B = [[1, 2], [2, 4]]
C = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
print("矩阵A秩：", get_matrix_rank(A))
print("矩阵B秩：", get_matrix_rank(B))
print("矩阵C秩：", get_matrix_rank(C))
2025010091张译心
# 订单管理系统 - 多角色权限版 import random import time # 存储用户账号、角色 user_list = { "admin": {"pwd": "123456", "role": "管理员"}, "staff1": {"pwd": "654321", "role": "员工"}, "user1": {"pwd": "111111", "role": "客户"} } # 订单数据 格式：{订单号: {客户, 商品, 单价, 数量, 总价, 状态}} order_data = {} current_user = None # 当前登录用户 # 生成随机订单号 def create_order_id(): return f"ORD{time.strftime('%Y%m%d')}{random.randint(1000, 9999)}" # 登录功能 def login(): global current_user print("===== 用户登录 =====") username = input("请输入账号：") pwd = input("请输入密码：") if username in user_list and user_list[username]["pwd"] == pwd: current_user = user_list[username]["role"] print(f"登录成功！当前身份：{current_user}\n") return True else: print("账号或密码错误！\n") return False # 1. 新增订单（全员可用） def add_order(): oid = create_order_id() customer = input("客户姓名：") goods = input("商品名称：") price = float(input("商品单价：")) num = int(input("购买数量：")) total = price * num order_data[oid] = { "customer": customer, "goods": goods, "price": price, "num": num, "total": total, "status": "已下单" } print(f"订单创建成功，订单号：{oid}\n") # 2. 查看所有订单（管理员/员工可用） def show_all_order(): if not order_data: print("暂无订单数据\n") return print("===== 全部订单列表 =====") for oid, info in order_data.items(): print(f"订单号：{oid}") print(f"客户：{info['customer']} 商品：{info['goods']}") print(f"单价：{info['price']} 数量：{info['num']} 总价：{info['total']}") print(f"订单状态：{info['status']}\n") # 3. 修改订单（仅管理员可用） def modify_order(): oid = input("请输入要修改的订单号：") if oid not in order_data: print("该订单不存在！\n") return print("1.修改商品 2.修改数量 3.修改订单状态") choice = input("请选择修改项：") order = order_data[oid] if choice == "1": order["goods"] = input("输入新商品名称：") elif choice == "2": new_num = int(input("输入新数量：")) order["num"] = new_num order["total"] = order["price"] * new_num elif choice == "3": order["status"] = input("输入新状态(已付款/已发货/已完成)：") else: print("选择无效！") return print("订单修改成功！\n") # 4. 删除订单（仅管理员可用） def del_order(): oid = input("请输入要删除的订单号：") if oid in order_data: del order_data[oid] print("订单已删除！\n") else: print("该订单不存在！\n") # 5. 客户查询自己的订单（客户专属） def customer_query(): name = input("请输入你的姓名：") has_order = False print("===== 你的订单 =====") for oid, info in order_data.items(): if info["customer"] == name: has_order = True print(f"订单号：{oid} 商品：{info['goods']} 总价：{info['total']} 状态：{info['status']}") if not has_order: print("未查询到你的订单") print() # 功能菜单分发（权限控制核心） def menu(): while True: print("======== 订单系统菜单 ========") print("1. 新增订单") if current_user in ["管理员", "员工"]: print("2. 查看全部订单") if current_user == "管理员": print("3. 修改订单") print("4. 删除订单") if current_user == "客户": print("5. 查询我的订单") print("0. 退出系统") opt = input("请选择功能编号：") if opt == "0": print("已退出系统，再见！") break elif opt == "1": add_order() elif opt == "2" and current_user in ["管理员", "员工"]: show_all_order() elif opt == "3" and current_user == "管理员": modify_order() elif opt == "4" and current_user == "管理员": del_order() elif opt == "5" and current_user == "客户": customer_query() else: print("暂无权限或输入错误，请重新选择！\n") # 程序入口 if __name__ == "__main__": if login(): menu()
2025010092朱翔鸽
落叶
import tkinter as tk import random root = tk.Tk() root.title("落叶飘落") W, H = 800, 600 root.geometry(f"{W}x{H}") cv = tk.Canvas(root, bg="#283328") cv.pack(fill="both", expand=True) leaves = [] class Leaf: def __init__(self): self.x = random.randint(0, W) self.y = random.randint(-H, 0) self.r = random.randint(4, 12) self.dy = random.uniform(1, 3) self.dx = random.uniform(-1.2, 1.2) self.col = random.choice(["#8B4513", "#CD853F", "#DEB887", "#A0522D"]) self.id = cv.create_oval(self.x-self.r, self.y-self.r//2, self.x+self.r, self.y+self.r//2, fill=self.col, outline="") for _ in range(150): leaves.append(Leaf()) def fall(): for lf in leaves: lf.y += lf.dy lf.x += lf.dx cv.coords(lf.id, lf.x-lf.r, lf.y-lf.r//2, lf.x+lf.r, lf.y+lf.r//2) if lf.y > H: lf.x = random.randint(0, W) lf.y = random.randint(-50, 0) root.after(16, fall) fall() root.mainloop()
2025010093惠盾
import subprocess import sys def connect_wifi_windows(ssid): """ Windows 连接已知 WiFi :param ssid: WiFi 名称 """ try: # Windows 连接 WiFi 命令 cmd = f'netsh wlan connect name="{ssid}"' result = subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True, capture_output=True, text=True, encoding='gbk') if result.returncode == 0: print(f"✅ 成功连接 WiFi：{ssid}") else: print(f"❌ 连接失败：{result.stderr}") except Exception as e: print(f"⚠️ 错误：{str(e)}") def get_available_wifi_windows(): """查看附近可用 WiFi""" subprocess.run('netsh wlan show networks', shell=True) if __name__ == "__main__": # 在这里修改成你的 WiFi 名称 WIFI_NAME = ("AKU-WiFi") print("正在连接 WiFi...") connect_wifi_windows(WIFI_NAME)
2025010094谢润泽
from docx import Document from docx.shared import Pt, RGBColor from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH from docx.oxml.ns import qn def force_change_title_format(doc_path, save_path): doc = Document(doc_path) # -------------------------- 1. 先把所有正文段落的格式重置为默认（避免之前格式残留） -------------------------- for para in doc.paragraphs: # 先重置所有段落的基础格式 para.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.LEFT para.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(0) para.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0) para.paragraph_format.line_spacing = 1.5 # 给所有文字统一设置默认字体（宋体，五号） for run in para.runs: run.font.name = "宋体" run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn("w:eastAsia"), "宋体") run.font.size = Pt(10.5) # 五号字 = 10.5磅 run.font.bold = False run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 0) # -------------------------- 2. 精准修改指定段落的格式 -------------------------- # 例：修改第1段（标题行），段落序号从0开始数 # 比如你的文档第1行是「尊敬的老师、同学：」，它就是 doc.paragraphs[0] # 你可以根据自己的文档，修改下面的序号和格式 if len(doc.paragraphs) >= 1: # 修改第0段（第1行）：作为主标题 title_para = doc.paragraphs[0] # 对齐方式：居中 title_para.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER # 段前、段后间距 title_para.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(12) title_para.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(12) # 强制修改这段所有文字的格式 for run in title_para.runs: run.font.name = "黑体" run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn("w:eastAsia"), "黑体") run.font.size = Pt(18) run.font.bold = True run.font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 0) # 例：修改第2段（doc.paragraphs[1]），作为副标题 # if len(doc.paragraphs) >= 2: # sub_title = doc.paragraphs[1] # sub_title.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER # for run in sub_title.runs: # run.font.name = "楷体" # run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn("w:eastAsia"), "楷体") # run.font.size = Pt(14) # run.font.bold = False # 保存文档 doc.save(save_path) print("✅ 格式强制修改完成！已保存到：", save_path) if __name__ == "__main__": # 替换成你的文件路径 original_file = "test.docx" output_file = "强制改格式后.docx" force_change_title_format(original_file, output_file)
2025010095徐雨轩
import random # ===================== 基础参数 ===================== STUDENT_COUNT = 40 TEACHER_COUNT = 10 PER_TEACHER_TASK = STUDENT_COUNT // TEACHER_COUNT # 生成学生、老师编号 students = [f"学生{i+1:02d}" for i in range(STUDENT_COUNT)] teachers = [f"老师{i+1:02d}" for i in range(TEACHER_COUNT)] # ===================== 1. 分配指导老师（每人恰好4名学生） ===================== instructors = [] for t in teachers: instructors += [t] * PER_TEACHER_TASK random.shuffle(instructors) # ===================== 2. 分配评阅老师（约束：≠指导老师、每人恰好4份） ===================== review_quota = {t: PER_TEACHER_TASK for t in teachers} reviewers = [] for idx in range(STUDENT_COUNT): inst = instructors[idx] # 筛选：不是指导老师 + 还有名额 candidates = [t for t in teachers if t != inst and review_quota[t] > 0] select = random.choice(candidates) reviewers.append(select) review_quota[select] -= 1 # ===================== 3. 约束校验 ===================== valid = True # 校验1：同一学生 指导 ≠ 评阅 for i in range(STUDENT_COUNT): if instructors[i] == reviewers[i]: print(f"错误：{students[i]} 指导老师与评阅老师为同一人") valid = False # 校验2：指导老师人数均分 inst_stat = {} for t in instructors: inst_stat[t] = inst_stat.get(t, 0) + 1 for t, cnt in inst_stat.items(): if cnt != PER_TEACHER_TASK: print(f"错误：{t} 指导人数异常，当前{cnt}人") valid = False # 校验3：评阅老师人数均分 rev_stat = {} for t in reviewers: rev_stat[t] = rev_stat.get(t, 0) + 1 for t, cnt in rev_stat.items(): if cnt != PER_TEACHER_TASK: print(f"错误：{t} 评阅人数异常，当前{cnt}人") valid = False # ===================== 4. 输出结果 ===================== if valid: print("✅ 所有约束校验通过！") print(f"每位老师指导、评阅学生数：{PER_TEACHER_TASK} 人\n") # 表头 print(f"{'学生':<8}{'指导老师':<10}{'评阅老师':<10}") print("-" * 30) # 逐行打印 for s, i, r in zip(students, instructors, reviewers): print(f"{s:<8}{i:<10}{r:<10}") else: print("\n❌ 分配结果不满足约束！")
2025010096刘加鑫
import datetime class MyDate: def __init__(self, year, month, day): """初始化日期对象""" # 用datetime.date做底层，保证日期合法性 self._date = datetime.date(year, month, day) def __add__(self, days): """日期加法：加上指定天数，返回新的MyDate对象""" if not isinstance(days, int): raise TypeError("天数必须是整数") new_date = self._date + datetime.timedelta(days=days) return MyDate(new_date.year, new_date.month, new_date.day) def __sub__(self, other): """ 日期减法： 1. 减去整数：返回往前推指定天数的新日期 2. 减去另一个MyDate对象：返回两个日期相差的天数 """ if isinstance(other, int): new_date = self._date - datetime.timedelta(days=other) return MyDate(new_date.year, new_date.month, new_date.day) elif isinstance(other, MyDate): delta = self._date - other._date return delta.days else: raise TypeError("减法只支持整数天数或MyDate对象") def __str__(self): """打印日期格式：YYYY-MM-DD""" return f"{self._date.year:04d}-{self._date.month:02d}-{self._date.day:02d}" # -------------------- 测试代码 -------------------- if __name__ == "__main__": # 1. 创建日期对象 d1 = MyDate(2026, 5, 27) print("初始日期：", d1) # 2. 日期加法：加 10 天 d2 = d1 + 10 print("加 10 天后：", d2) # 3. 日期减法：减 5 天 d3 = d1 - 5 print("减 5 天后：", d3) # 4. 两个日期相减，计算相差天数 diff = d2 - d3 print(f"{d2} 与 {d3} 相差：{diff} 天")
2025010097马浩
爬取豆瓣音乐评分榜前十
import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup def crawl_douban_music(): url = "https://music.douban.com/top250" # 1. 超级伪装头：明确告诉服务器，不要给我压缩数据 headers = { "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/120.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "Accept-Encoding": "identity" # <--- 关键！这行代码禁止了压缩 } print(f"正在请求：{url}") try: response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=10) # 2. 检查状态 if response.status_code != 200: print(f"❌ 失败！状态码：{response.status_code}") return # 3. 强制设置编码（防止中文乱码） response.encoding = 'utf-8' # 【调试】打印前100个字符，确认是不是乱码 # 如果你看到正常的 <html> 标签，说明成功了 print(f"网页预览：{response.text[:100]}...") soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser") # 4. 豆瓣 Top250 的每一条记录都在 <tr class="item"> 里 items = soup.find_all("tr", class_="item") if not items: print("❌ 依然没找到数据。请检查网络或稍后再试。") return print(f"✅ 成功找到 {len(items)} 条记录！正在提取前十名：\n") # 5. 提取前十名 for i, item in enumerate(items[:10]): # 歌名在 <a> 标签里 title_tag = item.find("a") title = title_tag["title"] if title_tag else "未知歌名" # 评分在 <span class="rating_nums"> 里 rating_tag = item.find("span", class_="rating_nums") rating = rating_tag.text if rating_tag else "无评分" print(f"NO.{i + 1} 《{title}》 - 评分: {rating}") except Exception as e: print(f"❌ 程序出错：{e}") if __name__ == "__main__": crawl_douban_music()
2025010098韩晓媛
证件照背景颜色转换
import cv2,numpy as np #获取证件照原图 img=cv2.imread(r"C:\Users\HXY\zczjz.jpg") #获取图片尺寸，返回结果分别表示:高度、宽度、深度 h,w,d=img.shape #根据原图尺寸生成新的背景色图 bg=np.zeros(img. shape,np.uint8) #颜色格式为BGR,参考蓝色背景RGB(0，195，253) bg[:]=[0,0，255] #锁定原图中的人物区域 a=cv2.inRange(img,(0,0,0),(252,252,252)) figure=cv2.bitwise_and(img, img,mask=a) #设置新背景区 b=cv2.bitwise_not(a) bg=cv2.bitwise_and(bg,bg,mask=b) #人物图与背景图融合 new=cv2. add(figure,bg) #查看效果 cv2.imshow('red bg',new) #保存最终图片 cv2.imwrite('new_zjz.jpg',new)
2025010099张嘉诚
文档分段并保存
import os
# -------------------------- 配置区 --------------------------
input_file = "新时代中国特色社会主义.txt" # 输入文档，和脚本放同一文件夹
output_folder = "分段结果" # 自动生成的存放所有段落文件的文件夹
# -----------------------------------------------------------
def main():
# 检查输入文件是否存在
if not os.path.isfile(input_file):
print(f"错误：未找到文件 {input_file}")
return
# 读取全文
with open(input_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
content = f.read()
# 按空行拆分段落
lines = [line.strip() for line in content.splitlines()]
paragraphs = []
current = []
for line in lines:
if line:
current.append(line)
else:
if current:
paragraphs.append(" ".join(current))
current = []
# 保存最后一段
if current:
paragraphs.append(" ".join(current))
# 创建输出文件夹
if not os.path.exists(output_folder):
os.mkdir(output_folder)
# 每段单独保存
for index, para_text in enumerate(paragraphs, start=1):
filename = f"第{index}段.txt"
full_path = os.path.join(output_folder, filename)
with open(full_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as out_f:
out_f.write(para_text)
print(f"处理完成！一共 {len(paragraphs)} 个段落")
print(f"所有文件保存在文件夹：{output_folder}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
2025010100霍延萌
归一化
import numpy as np
def normalize_xyz(xyz):
# 向量归一：每个xyz除以自身模长
length = np.sqrt(np.sum(xyz**2, axis=1, keepdims=True))
length[length < 1e-7] = 1.0
return xyz / length
# 示例矩阵：4行3列xyz
matrix = np.array([
[1, 2, 3],
[0, 0, 0],
[4, 5, 6],
[1, 1, 1]
], dtype=float)
normalized = normalize_xyz(matrix)
print("原始矩阵：")
print(matrix)
print("\n归一化后的单位向量：")
print(normalized)
print("\n各向量的模长（应全为1，零向量为0）：")
print(np.linalg.norm(normalized, axis=1))
2025010101袁泉
三维椭球
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D # 关键：设置支持中文的字体 plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei', 'Microsoft YaHei'] plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 解决负号显示问题 # 创建画布与3D坐标系 fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6)) ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d') # 椭球参数：x,y,z轴半径 a, b, c = 3, 2, 1 # 生成球面角度参数 u = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 100) v = np.linspace(0, np.pi, 100) u, v = np.meshgrid(u, v) # 椭球参数方程 x = a * np.cos(u) * np.sin(v) y = b * np.sin(u) * np.sin(v) z = c * np.cos(v) # 绘制三维椭球 ax.plot_surface(x, y, z, cmap='coolwarm', alpha=0.7) # 设置坐标轴标签（现在中文能正常显示了） ax.set_xlabel('X 轴') ax.set_ylabel('Y 轴') ax.set_zlabel('Z 轴') ax.set_title('三维椭球体') plt.show()
2025010102 沈玉婷
取左函数
# 定义一个自己的函数：取字符串左边的n个字符 def quzuo(s, n): # 用Python的切片，从第0个字符开始，取到第n个位置（不包含n） jieguo = s[0:n] # 把结果返回出去 return jieguo # 测试一下 text = "ABC" result = quzuo(text, 2) print(result)
2025010103黄俊
计算函数
import numpy as np # 1. 矩阵基础运算 def matrix_calc(): print("======= 矩阵基础运算 =======") # 自定义两个矩阵，可随意改数值 A = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) B = np.array([[5, 6], [7, 8]]) print("矩阵A：") print(A) print("矩阵B：") print(B) print("A + B：") print(A + B) print("A - B：") print(A - B) print("A * B（矩阵乘法）：") print(A @ B) print("A行列式：", np.linalg.det(A)) print("A逆矩阵：") print(np.linalg.inv(A)) # 2. 线性函数 y = Ax 变换 def linear_transform(): print("\n======= 线性函数 y=Ax 变换 =======") # 线性变换矩阵 trans_mat = np.array([[2, 0], [0, 3]]) # 原始向量x x = np.array([1, 2]) # 线性变换结果 y = A·x y = trans_mat @ x print(f"变换矩阵：\n{trans_mat}") print(f"原始向量 x = {x}") print(f"线性变换结果 y = Ax = {y}") # 3. 矩阵特征值、特征向量（特殊向量） def eigen_vector(): print("\n======= 特征值 & 特征向量 =======") mat = np.array([[2, 1], [1, 2]]) val, vec = np.linalg.eig(mat) print("原矩阵：") print(mat) print("特征值：", val) print("特征向量(按列)：") print(vec) if __name__ == "__main__": # 依次执行所有功能 matrix_calc() linear_transform() eigen_vector()
2025010104许乐乐
# 输入向量
v1 = list(map(int, input("输入向量1(三个数空格分开)：").split()))
v2 = list(map(int, input("输入向量2(三个数空格分开)：").split()))
# 加法
add = [v1[0]+v2[0], v1[1]+v2[1], v1[2]+v2[2]]
# 减法
sub = [v1[0]-v2[0], v1[1]-v2[1], v1[2]-v2[2]]
# 点积
dot = v1[0]*v2[0] + v1[1]*v2[1] + v1[2]*v2[2]
# 叉积 a×b
cx1 = v1[1]*v2[2] - v1[2]*v2[1]
cx2 = v1[2]*v2[0] - v1[0]*v2[2]
cx3 = v1[0]*v2[1] - v1[1]*v2[0]
cross = [cx1, cx2, cx3]
# 输出结果
print("向量相加：", add)
print("向量相减：", sub)
print("向量点积：", dot)
print("向量叉积：", cross)
2025010106钟海洋
def print_hi(name):
# 在下面的代码行中使用断点来调试脚本。
print(f'Hi, {name}') # 按 Ctrl+F8 切换断点。
# 按装订区域中的绿色按钮以运行脚本。
if __name__ == '__main__':
print_hi('PyCharm')
# 访问 https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/ 获取 PyCharm 帮助
import asyncio
import websockets
from threading import Thread
import time # 新增导入
# 在线客户端集合
online = set()
# 服务端逻辑
async def server_handle(ws):
online.add(ws)
try:
async for msg in ws:
for c in online:
if c != ws:
await c.send(msg)
finally:
online.remove(ws)
async def start_server():
async with websockets.serve(server_handle, "127.0.0.1", 8765):
await asyncio.Future()
# 客户端逻辑
async def client_chat(name):
uri = "ws://127.0.0.1:8765"
async with websockets.connect(uri) as ws:
async def recv():
while True:
res = await ws.recv()
print(f"\n[{name}]收到：{res}")
async def send():
while True:
txt = await asyncio.to_thread(input(f"[{name}]发消息："))
await ws.send(f"{name}:{txt}")
t1 = asyncio.create_task(recv())
t2 = asyncio.create_task(send())
await asyncio.gather(t1, t2)
# 新开线程启动服务端
def run_server():
asyncio.run(start_server())
if __name__ == "__main__":
# 后台启动服务
Thread(target=run_server, daemon=True).start()
# 把 asyncio.sleep 换成 time.sleep
time.sleep(0.3)
# 可选：注释一个，分两次运行充当两个用户
# 第一次运行打开用户A，第二次打开用户B
choice = input("输入1=用户A，输入2=用户B：")
if choice == "1":
asyncio.run(client_chat("用户A"))
else:
asyncio.run(client_chat("用户B"))
2025010107孙瑞妍
转换为年月日
# 导入日期模块
import datetime
# 获取用户输入
year = int(input("请输入年份："))
month = int(input("请输入月份："))
day = int(input("请输入日期："))
# 定义星期列表
week_list = ["星期一", "星期二", "星期三", "星期四", "星期五", "星期六", "星期日"]
# 计算并输出
date = datetime.date(year, month, day)
week = week_list[date.weekday()]
print(f"{year}年{month}月{day}日 是 {week}")
2025010108
2025010109 黄帅豪
用类的方式求矩阵
class Matrix: # 构造方法：初始化矩阵，接收二维列表作为矩阵数据 def __init__(self, data): # 存储矩阵原始二维数组 self.data = data # 获取矩阵行数 self.row_num = len(data) # 判断矩阵是否为空，再获取列数 if self.row_num == 0: self.col_num = 0 else: self.col_num = len(data[0]) # 方法1：打印输出矩阵 def print_matrix(self): for row in self.data: print(row) # 方法2：矩阵转置运算 def transpose_matrix(self): # 存放转置后的矩阵 trans_data = [] # 遍历原矩阵每一列 for col in range(self.col_num): new_row = [] # 遍历原矩阵每一行 for row in range(self.row_num): # 把原矩阵第row行第col列元素放入新行 new_row.append(self.data[row][col]) trans_data.append(new_row) # 返回新的矩阵对象 return Matrix(trans_data) # 方法3：矩阵加法运算 def add_matrix(self, other_mat): # 判断两个矩阵行列是否完全相同 if self.row_num != other_mat.row_num or self.col_num != other_mat.col_num: raise ValueError("加法错误：两个矩阵行数、列数必须完全相等！") add_result = [] # 双重循环遍历每个位置 for r in range(self.row_num): temp_row = [] for c in range(self.col_num): # 对应位置元素相加 num = self.data[r][c] + other_mat.data[r][c] temp_row.append(num) add_result.append(temp_row) return Matrix(add_result) # 方法4：矩阵减法运算 def sub_matrix(self, other_mat): if self.row_num != other_mat.row_num or self.col_num != other_mat.col_num: raise ValueError("减法错误：两个矩阵行数、列数必须完全相等！") sub_result = [] for r in range(self.row_num): temp_row = [] for c in range(self.col_num): num = self.data[r][c] - other_mat.data[r][c] temp_row.append(num) sub_result.append(temp_row) return Matrix(sub_result) # 方法5：矩阵乘法运算 def mul_matrix(self, other_mat): # 矩阵相乘条件：左矩阵列数 = 右矩阵行数 if self.col_num != other_mat.row_num: raise ValueError("乘法错误：左矩阵列数必须等于右矩阵行数！") # 创建全0的结果矩阵 mul_result = [[0 for _ in range(other_mat.col_num)] for _ in range(self.row_num)] # 三层循环计算矩阵乘积 for i in range(self.row_num): for j in range(other_mat.col_num): sum_val = 0 for k in range(self.col_num): sum_val += self.data[i][k] * other_mat.data[k][j] mul_result[i][j] = sum_val return Matrix(mul_result) # 主程序入口，分步演示全部运算 if __name__ == "__main__": print("==================== 题目演示开始 ====================") # 1. 定义测试矩阵 print("1. 定义原始矩阵A：") mat_a = Matrix([ [1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6] ]) mat_a.print_matrix() print("\n定义原始矩阵B（用于加减运算）：") mat_b = Matrix([ [1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2] ]) mat_b.print_matrix() print("\n定义原始矩阵C（用于乘法运算）：") mat_c = Matrix([ [1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6] ]) mat_c.print_matrix() # 2. 矩阵转置运算演示 print("\n==================== 运算1：矩阵A转置 ====================") trans_a = mat_a.transpose_matrix() print("矩阵A转置结果：") trans_a.print_matrix() # 3. 矩阵加法演示 print("\n==================== 运算2：矩阵A + 矩阵B ====================") try: add_ab = mat_a.add_matrix(mat_b) print("A+B 的结果：") add_ab.print_matrix() except ValueError as err: print(err) # 4. 矩阵减法演示 print("\n==================== 运算3：矩阵A - 矩阵B ====================") try: sub_ab = mat_a.sub_matrix(mat_b) print("A-B 的结果：") sub_ab.print_matrix() except ValueError as err: print(err) # 5. 矩阵乘法演示 print("\n==================== 运算4：矩阵A × 矩阵C ====================") try: mul_ac = mat_a.mul_matrix(mat_c) print("A×C 的结果：") mul_ac.print_matrix() except ValueError as err: print(err) print("==================== 全部运算演示结束 ====================")
2025010112 王怡萱
加班统计函数
from datetime import datetime week_map = { 0: "星期一", 1: "星期二", 2: "星期三", 3: "星期四", 4: "星期五", 5: "星期六", 6: "星期日" } overtime_list = [] def get_weekday(date_str): """根据日期获取星期几""" dt = datetime.strptime(date_str, "%Y-%m-%d") week_num = dt.weekday() week_name = week_map[week_num] if week_num < 5: work_type = "工作日加班" else: work_type = "周末加班" return week_name, work_type def add_overtime(): """添加一条加班记录""" date = input("请输入加班日期(格式:2026-05-20)：") hour = float(input("请输入加班时长(小时)：")) week, otype = get_weekday(date) overtime_list.append({ "日期": date, "星期": week, "加班类型": otype, "时长": hour }) print(f"添加成功！{date} {week} {otype}\n") def count_total(): """统计总加班时长""" work_day_total = 0 weekend_total = 0 all_total = 0 for item in overtime_list: all_total += item["时长"] if item["加班类型"] == "工作日加班": work_day_total += item["时长"] else: weekend_total += item["时长"] print("=====加班统计汇总=====") print(f"工作日加班总时长：{work_day_total} 小时") print(f"周末加班总时长：{weekend_total} 小时") print(f"合计总加班时长：{all_total} 小时\n") def show_all(): """展示所有记录""" print("=====全部加班记录=====") for idx, data in enumerate(overtime_list, 1): print(f"{idx}. {data['日期']} {data['星期']} | {data['加班类型']} | {data['时长']}小时") print() if __name__ == "__main__": while True: print("1. 添加加班记录") print("2. 查看全部记录") print("3. 统计加班总和") print("4. 退出程序") choice = input("请选择功能序号：") if choice == "1": add_overtime() elif choice == "2": show_all() elif choice == "3": count_total() elif choice == "4": print("程序结束！") break else: print("输入错误，请重新选择\n")
2025010113 石蕊鑫
截取字符串的子串
def cut_substring(s, start, end): # s：原字符串；start：开始；end：结束 return s[start:end] my_str = "我爱学习" result = cut_substring(my_str, 1, 4) print("截取结果：", result)
2025010114 殷佳锐
通讯录
# 定义通讯录（用字典存储，键是联系人姓名，值是包含电话和备注的字典） address_book = {} # 1. 查看所有联系人的函数 def show_all_contacts(): print("\n===== 通讯录列表 =====") if not address_book: print("通讯录为空~") return for name, info in address_book.items(): print(f"姓名：{name} | 电话：{info['phone']} | 备注：{info['note']}") print("======================\n") # 2. 添加联系人的函数 def add_contact(name, phone, note="无"): """ 添加联系人到通讯录 :param name: 联系人姓名（唯一） :param phone: 联系人电话 :param note: 备注信息，默认"无" """ if name in address_book: print(f"❌ 联系人【{name}】已存在，无法重复添加！") else: address_book[name] = { "phone": phone, "note": note } print(f"✅ 联系人【{name}】添加成功！") # 3.主菜单函数 def main(): while True: print("===== 简易通讯录 =====") print("1. 查看所有联系人") print("2. 添加联系人") print("3. 退出程序") choice = input("请输入你的选择（1/2/3）：") if choice == "1": show_all_contacts() elif choice == "2": name = input("请输入联系人姓名：") phone = input("请输入联系人电话：") note = input("请输入备注（可不填，直接回车默认'无'）：") if note.strip() == "": note = "无" add_contact(name, phone, note) elif choice == "3": print("👋 退出通讯录，再见！") break else: print("❌ 输入无效，请输入1/2/3！\n") # 启动程序 if __name__ == "__main__": main()
2025010115 康静茹
写一个计费单，通过汇率转换输出个公司收益情况
# 1. 汇率表（可自行修改） rate = { "韩国": 0.0052, "英国": 8.72, "美国": 7.23, "日本": 0.043 } # 2. 空列表存订单 orders = [] # 3. 核心：添加订单并自动换算 def add_order(order_id, company, country, foreign_money): # 换算人民币，没有对应国家则按0元处理 rmb = foreign_money * rate.get(country, 0) orders.append([order_id, company, country, foreign_money, round(rmb, 2)]) # 4. 录入订单数据（可自行增删） add_order("NO.001", "A公司", "韩国", 10000) add_order("NO.002", "B公司", "英国", 500) add_order("NO.003", "C公司", "美国", 2000) # 5. 打印订单名单 + 汇总 def print_bill(): print("==== 国际订单计费单 ====") print("订单号 | 公司 | 国家 | 外币金额 | 人民币") print("-" * 40) total = 0 for order in orders: print(f"{order[0]} | {order[1]} | {order[2]} | {order[3]} | {order[4]}") total += order[4] print("-" * 40) print(f"订单总数：{len(orders)} 笔") print(f"总金额：{round(total, 2)} 元人民币") # 运行 print_bill()
2025010117 李欣栎
日期加减
# 2026年是平年，每月天数 md = [31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31] # 1. 日期 → 当年第几天（只处理2026年） def riqi_days(m, d): total = 0 # 累加前面月份的天数 for i in range(m-1): total += md[i] total += d# 加上当月的天数 return total # 2. 当年第几天 → 日期（只处理2026年） def days_riqi(n): m = 0 while True: day = md[m] if n > day: n -= day m += 1 else: break return m+1, n # 2026年5月1日 m1, d1 = 5, 1 # 1. 转成当年的第几天 t1 = riqi_days(m1, d1) print("2026年5月1日 是2026年的第", t1, "天") # 2. 日期 + 天数：加3天 jia = t1 + 6 nm, nd = days_riqi(jia) print("2026年5月1日加3天：", "2026年", nm, "月", nd, "日") # 3. 日期 - 天数：减2天 jian = t1 - 2 nm2, nd2 = days_riqi(jian) print("2026年5月1日减2天：", "2026年", nm2, "月", nd2, "日") # 4. 日期 - 日期：求相差天数（今年内） m2, d2 = 5, 10 t2 = riqi_days(m2, d2) cha = t2 - t1 print("2026年5月1日和5月10日相差：", cha, "天")
2025010118 陈影
绘制三维网兜
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 8)) ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d') # 生成网格基础数据 u = np.linspace(-1, 1, 30) v = np.linspace(-1, 1, 30) U, V = np.meshgrid(u, v) # 四角拉扯变形，做出带棱角的方形网兜 X = U * (1 + 0.2 * V**2) Y = V * (1 + 0.2 * U**2) # 开口朝下、自然下坠的兜形曲面 Z = 0.6 * (U**2 + V**2) # alpha=透明度，1=完全不透明，越小越通透 ax.plot_surface( X, Y, Z, color='#7EC0EE', # 柔和天蓝色 alpha=0.8, # 半透明质感 edgecolor='none' # 网格边线，完全看不出网状 ) #基础美化 ax.set_xlabel('X') ax.set_ylabel('Y') ax.set_zlabel('Z') ax.set_title('彩色实心三维网兜') #调整最佳观看视角 ax.view_init(elev=30, azim=45) plt.tight_layout() plt.show()
2025010119淡郑雪
爬虫 豆瓣前十个
headers = { "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36" } # 豆瓣Top250第一页 url = "https://movie.douban.com/top250" res = requests.get(url, headers=headers) res.encoding = "utf-8" soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text, "html.parser") # 提取前10部电影 movie_list = soup.find_all("div", class_="item") print("豆瓣电影Top10：\n") for i, movie in enumerate(movie_list[:10], 1): title = movie.find("span", class_="title").text.strip() score = movie.find("span", class_="rating_num").text info = movie.find("div", class_="bd").p.text.strip() print(f"{i}. {title} 评分：{score}") print(f" {info[:60]}...\n")
2025010121郑舒萍
左边列商品表，右边列购物表，结合两个表推荐一个类似种类的商品
# 左：商品表数据 goods = [ [1, "三体", "科幻"], [2, "流浪地球", "科幻"], [3, "银河帝国", "科幻"], [4, "活着", "文学"], [5, "围城", "文学"], [6, "平凡的世界", "文学"], [7, "Python入门", "编程"], [8, "Java教程", "编程"] ] # 右：购物表数据 buy = [1, 2] # 打印商品表格 print("=====【商品表】=====") print("编号\t书名\t\t分类") for item in goods: print(f"{item[0]}\t{item[1]}\t{item[2]}") # 打印购物表格 print("\n=====【购物表(已买编号)】=====") print("已购编号") for n in buy: print(n) # 推荐逻辑 kind = "" for i in goods: if i[0] == buy[0]: kind = i[2] res = [] for i in goods: if i[2] == kind and i[0] not in buy: res.append(i[1]) # 打印推荐结果 print("\n=====推荐商品=====") print(res)
2025010122 田昌盛 全局局部储存动画展示
#全局局部变量演示 a=100 def func(): global a b=200 a=999 print('内部a',a,'b',b) func() print('外部a',a) #嵌套nonlocal def outer(): x=10 def inner(): nonlocal x y=20 x=100 print('inner x',x,'y',y) inner() print('outer x',x) outer()
2025010124 胡鑫
文件夹分类
import os import random # 1. 定义三个分类文件夹名称 folder_small = "小型文件" folder_mid = "中型文件" folder_big = "大型文件" # 创建文件夹，不存在则自动新建 for folder in [folder_small, folder_mid, folder_big]: if not os.path.exists(folder): os.mkdir(folder) # 2. 生成不同大小的测试文件 def create_random_file(filename, size_kb): """创建指定大小的空白文件""" with open(filename, "wb") as f: f.write(b"0" * 1024 * size_kb) # 自定义几组不同大小文件(单位KB) file_size_list = [20, 80, 150, 500, 1200, 2500, 60] # 批量生成文件 for idx, size in enumerate(file_size_list): file_name = f"测试文件{idx+1}.txt" create_random_file(file_name, size) # 3. 根据文件大小自动分类移动 def sort_file_by_size(file_path): file_size = os.path.getsize(file_path) / 1024 # 转为KB if file_size < 100: target_dir = folder_small elif 100 <= file_size <= 1024: target_dir = folder_mid else: target_dir = folder_big new_path = os.path.join(target_dir, os.path.basename(file_path)) os.rename(file_path, new_path) # 遍历当前目录所有文件进行分类 for file in os.listdir("./"): if file.endswith(".txt"): sort_file_by_size(file) print("文件大小分类完成！")
2025010125 刘芮孜
import tkinter as tk from tkinter import ttk, filedialog import winsound import os class MusicPlayer: def __init__(self, root): self.root = root self.root.title("Python音乐播放器") self.root.geometry("500x400") self.playlist = [] self.current_idx = 0 self.is_playing = False self.create_widgets() def create_widgets(self): self.listbox = tk.Listbox(self.root, width=60, height=10) self.listbox.pack(pady=10) frame = tk.Frame(self.root) frame.pack() tk.Button(frame, text="打开文件", command=self.load_music).grid(row=0, column=0, padx=5) tk.Button(frame, text="上一曲", command=self.prev_song).grid(row=0, column=1, padx=5) self.play_btn = tk.Button(frame, text="播放", command=self.toggle_play) self.play_btn.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5) tk.Button(frame, text="下一曲", command=self.next_song).grid(row=0, column=3, padx=5) self.vol_slider = ttk.Scale(self.root, from_=0, to=100, orient="horizontal") self.vol_slider.set(50) self.vol_slider.pack(fill="x", padx=20, pady=5) self.progress = ttk.Scale(self.root, from_=0, to=100, orient="horizontal") self.progress.pack(fill="x", padx=20, pady=5) def load_music(self): files = filedialog.askopenfilenames(filetypes=[("音频文件", "*.wav")]) for f in files: self.playlist.append(f) self.listbox.insert(tk.END, os.path.basename(f)) def play_song(self): if not self.playlist: return winsound.PlaySound(self.playlist[self.current_idx], winsound.SND_FILENAME | winsound.SND_ASYNC) self.is_playing = True self.play_btn.config(text="暂停") def toggle_play(self): if not self.playlist: return if self.is_playing: winsound.PlaySound(None, winsound.SND_PURGE) self.is_playing = False self.play_btn.config(text="播放") else: self.play_song() def prev_song(self): if self.current_idx > 0: self.current_idx -= 1 self.play_song() def next_song(self): if self.current_idx < len(self.playlist)-1: self.current_idx += 1 self.play_song() if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() app = MusicPlayer(root) root.mainloop()
2025010127 刘杨龙
# 1. 模拟原始数据：(员工ID, 原岗位, 新岗位, 转岗时间) transfer_data = [ ("001", "技术部", "产品部", "2026-01-05"), ("002", "市场部", "技术部", "2026-02-10"), ("003", "产品部", "运营部", "2026-03-01"), ("004", "技术部", "运营部", "2026-03-15"), ("001", "产品部", "市场部", "2026-04-20"), ("005", "运营部", "技术部", "2026-05-08") ] # 2. 初始化统计字典 out_count = {} # key:原岗位, value:转出人数 in_count = {} # key:新岗位, value:转入人数 staff_record = {}# 每位员工的转岗记录 # 3. 遍历数据统计 for staff_id, old_post, new_post, date in transfer_data: # 统计岗位转出 out_count[old_post] = out_count.get(old_post, 0) + 1 # 统计岗位转入 in_count[new_post] = in_count.get(new_post, 0) + 1 # 记录个人转岗流水 if staff_id not in staff_record: staff_record[staff_id] = [] staff_record[staff_id].append(f"{date} | {old_post} → {new_post}") # 4. 输出运行结果 print("=" * 50) print("【一、员工个人转岗明细】") print("=" * 50) for sid, records in staff_record.items(): print(f"员工{sid}：") for r in records: print(f" {r}") print("-" * 30) print("【二、各岗位转岗汇总统计】") print("岗位名称\t转出人数\t转入人数\t净流动(转入-转出)") print("-" * 50) # 合并所有出现过的岗位 all_posts = set(out_count.keys()).union(set(in_count.keys())) for post in sorted(all_posts): out_num = out_count.get(post, 0) in_num = in_count.get(post, 0) net = in_num - out_num print(f"{post}\t\t{out_num}\t\t{in_num}\t\t{net}")
2025010128 贾姝慧
协方差函数
# 温度、气压 物理实验数据 temp = [18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28] press = [100.9, 101.1, 101.4, 101.7, 102.0, 102.3] # 协方差计算函数 def calc_cov(x, y): n = len(x) mean_x = sum(x) / n mean_y = sum(y) / n total = sum((i - mean_x) * (j - mean_y) for i, j in zip(x, y)) return total / (n - 1) # 计算并输出 cov_value = calc_cov(temp, press) print("协方差：", round(cov_value, 3))
2025010130任鸿杰
美团
# 订单状态枚举（提高代码可读性）
class OrderStatus:
PENDING_PAY = "待支付"
PAID = "已支付，待商家接单"
MERCHANT_ACCEPTED = "商家已接单，待骑手接单"
RIDER_ACCEPTED = "骑手已接单，待取餐"
RIDER_PICKED = "骑手已取餐，配送中"
COMPLETED = "已完成"
CANCELLED = "已取消"
class User:
"""用户基类：所有用户的公共属性"""
def __init__(self, name, phone):
self.name = name
self.phone = phone
def __str__(self):
return f"姓名：{self.name}，电话：{self.phone}"
class Merchant(User):
"""商家类：继承用户类，负责商品管理、接单、备餐"""
def __init__(self, name, phone, shop_name, address):
super().__init__(name, phone)
self.shop_name = shop_name # 店铺名称
self.address = address # 店铺地址
self.goods = [] # 店铺商品列表
# 商家发布商品
def add_goods(self, goods_name, price):
self.goods.append({"name": goods_name, "price": price})
print(f"【{self.shop_name}】发布新品：{goods_name}，价格：{price}元")
# 商家接单
def accept_order(self, order):
if order.status == OrderStatus.PAID:
order.status = OrderStatus.MERCHANT_ACCEPTED
print(f"✅【{self.shop_name}】已接单，开始备餐")
else:
print(f"❌ 订单状态异常，无法接单")
def __str__(self):
return f"商家：{self.shop_name}，地址：{self.address}，联系人：{self.name}"
class Customer(User):
"""顾客类：继承用户类，负责下单、支付、确认收货"""
def __init__(self, name, phone, address):
super().__init__(name, phone)
self.address = address # 收货地址
# 顾客创建订单
def create_order(self, merchant, goods_list):
order = Order(self, merchant, goods_list)
print(f"\n📝 【{self.name}】创建订单：{order}")
return order
# 顾客支付订单
def pay_order(self, order):
if order.status == OrderStatus.PENDING_PAY:
order.status = OrderStatus.PAID
print(f"✅【{self.name}】支付成功，订单金额：{order.total_price}元")
else:
print(f"❌ 订单无需支付或已取消")
# 顾客确认收货
def confirm_receipt(self, order):
if order.status == OrderStatus.RIDER_PICKED:
order.status = OrderStatus.COMPLETED
print(f"\n🎉【{self.name}】确认收货，订单完成！")
else:
print(f"❌ 订单无法确认收货")
def __str__(self):
return f"顾客：{self.name}，收货地址：{self.address}"
class Rider(User):
"""骑手类：继承用户类，负责接单、取餐、配送"""
def __init__(self, name, phone, rider_id):
super().__init__(name, phone)
self.rider_id = rider_id # 骑手编号
self.current_order = None # 当前配送的订单
# 骑手接单
def take_order(self, order):
if order.status == OrderStatus.MERCHANT_ACCEPTED:
self.current_order = order
order.status = OrderStatus.RIDER_ACCEPTED
print(f"🚀【骑手{self.name}】已接单，前往商家取餐")
else:
print(f"❌ 订单状态异常，无法接单")
# 骑手取餐
def pick_up_food(self):
if self.current_order and self.current_order.status == OrderStatus.RIDER_ACCEPTED:
self.current_order.status = OrderStatus.RIDER_PICKED
print(f"🍱【骑手{self.name}】已取餐，开始配送")
else:
print(f"❌ 无有效订单可取餐")
def __str__(self):
return f"骑手：{self.name}，编号：{self.rider_id}"
class Order:
"""订单类：核心业务载体，关联顾客、商家、骑手、商品"""
def __init__(self, customer, merchant, goods_list):
self.customer = customer # 下单顾客
self.merchant = merchant # 接单商家
self.goods_list = goods_list# 购买商品
self.total_price = sum(goods["price"] for goods in goods_list) # 订单总价
self.status = OrderStatus.PENDING_PAY # 初始状态：待支付
self.rider = None # 接单骑手
# 绑定骑手
def bind_rider(self, rider):
self.rider = rider
def __str__(self):
goods_names = "、".join([g["name"] for g in self.goods_list])
return (f"订单详情：商家【{self.merchant.shop_name}】，商品【{goods_names}】，"
f"总价：{self.total_price}元，状态：{self.status}")
# ===================== 模拟美团外卖完整流程 =====================
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 1. 创建商家
merchant = Merchant("王老板", "13800138000", "黄焖鸡米饭(科技园店)", "深圳市南山区科技园")
# 商家发布商品
merchant.add_goods("招牌黄焖鸡", 25)
merchant.add_goods("可乐", 5)
# 2. 创建顾客
customer = Customer("小明", "13900139000", "深圳市南山区腾讯大厦")
# 3. 创建骑手
rider = Rider("小李", "13700137000", "QD8888")
print("\n==================== 开始下单流程 ====================")
# 4. 顾客挑选商品，创建订单
select_goods = [merchant.goods[0], merchant.goods[1]] # 选黄焖鸡+可乐
order = customer.create_order(merchant, select_goods)
# 5. 顾客支付订单
customer.pay_order(order)
# 6. 商家接单备餐
merchant.accept_order(order)
# 7. 系统绑定骑手 + 骑手接单
order.bind_rider(rider)
rider.take_order(order)
# 8. 骑手取餐并配送
rider.pick_up_food()
# 9. 顾客确认收货
customer.confirm_receipt(order)
2025010131 董玥卓
类，二进制数的与或非
class BinaryCalc: def __init__(self, num1=0, num2=0): self.n1 = num1 self.n2 = num2 # 按位与 & def bit_and(self): res = self.n1 & self.n2 return bin(res), res # 按位或 | def bit_or(self): res = self.n1 | self.n2 return bin(res), res # 按位非 ~ (补码形式) def bit_not(self, num): res = ~num return bin(res), res # 调用示例 if __name__ == "__main__": b = BinaryCalc(6, 3) # 6=0b110 ,3=0b011 print("与运算(二进制,十进制):", b.bit_and()) print("或运算(二进制,十进制):", b.bit_or()) print("非6(二进制,十进制):", b.bit_not(6)) print("非3(二进制,十进制):", b.bit_not(3))
2025010132 李佳雨
矩阵
import numpy as np # 1. 矩阵转置演示 A = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) A_T = A.T # 矩阵转置 print("原矩阵A：") print(A) print("A的转置A^T：") print(A_T) # 2. 向量单位化(归一化)演示 alpha = np.array([3, 4]) norm = np.linalg.norm(alpha) # 求向量模长 beta = alpha / norm # 单位化 print("\n原向量α：", alpha) print("单位化后β：", beta) print("β的模：", np.linalg.norm(beta)) # 3. 补充：特殊矩阵构造（单位矩阵、对角矩阵） E3 = np.eye(3) # 3阶单位矩阵 D = np.diag([1,2,3]) # 对角矩阵 print("\n3阶单位矩阵：") print(E3) print("对角矩阵：") print(D)
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