这里我要介绍的是如何使用VS2005中的ReportViewer控件动态显示需要绑定的报表(*.rdlc)。由于我们已经很习惯使用DataSet作为数据源去绑定类似于GridView或者DataGrid等控件,那么是否有方法将DataSet作为数据源就像绑定GridView这样去绑定报表呢?答案肯定的。
让我们先看下最简单的连接方法:Reporting Service使用dataset.xsd作为数据源,建立一个页面page.aspx对应一个reportviewer控件对应一张report.rdlc报表对应一个dataset.xsd数据源。运用这种模式,那么在VS2005中提供了一个强大的向导,只需按照向导操作,网上资料或者MSDN中都介绍的很详细如何使用这个向导,在此不再详细描述。
其次,也是我主要要介绍的,动态绑定到ado.net dataset:由于大部分数据都是采用ado.net dataset作为数据源绑定,如果使用提供的向导操作便不能进行动态绑定,对于后台操作非常不便,故不能使用向导操作。现在要设法动态绑定ado.net dataset到指定的report。
优点在于代码简单,操作灵活;
缺点在于设计report文件将变得非常令人头疼。
report文件是xml格式的,如果不使用向导那么就必须人为的去写这个xml文件(我研究了很久,没找到其他设计报表的方法,这麽写也是摸索出来的,掌握了就很方便了),特别当存储过程是动态的时候,设计这个报表的数据源将变得更为烦锁。但是同样的优点在于一切的问题只要掌握了如何去写这个文件,那么就等于解决了所有问题,独立性强。
二、使用WebForms ReportViewer控件
在一个WEB应用程序中,为了浏览在服务器上(report server)配置好的报表或者在本地文件系统(local file system)上的报表,你可以使用WebForms ReportViewer控件。
增加一个ReportViewer控件到一个Web应用程序
1、 增加一个新的Microsoft ASP.NET Web Site使用Microsoft Visual C# 或者 Microsoft Visual Basic。
2、 从工具箱中将ReportViewer控件拖到设计页面上,命名为reportViewer,当增加完之后,ReportViewer任务标签中会出现提示让你选择一个报表,此处可不去管它。
3、使用远程处理模式(Remote Processing Mode)浏览报表
下面的例子详细展示了如何提交一个报表存在于报表服务器上,这个例子使用Sales Order Detail Report。这张表报存在于SQL2005的示例(AdventureWorks)中,你只需安装SQL2005的示例,便能从里面找到,更详细信息关于示例,请看AdventureWorks Report Samples。
这个例子使用Windows综合认证,所以你必须首先在web.config中加入
<!-- Web.config file. --> <identity impersonate="true"/>
C#
protected void Page_Init(object sender, EventArgs e)2
{3
if (!Page.IsPostBack)4
{5
// Set the processing mode for the ReportViewer to Remote6
reportViewer.ProcessingMode = ProcessingMode.Remote;7

8
ServerReport serverReport = reportViewer.ServerReport;9

10
// Set the report server URL and report path11
serverReport.ReportServerUrl =12
new Uri("http://localhost/reportserver");13
serverReport.ReportPath =14
"/AdventureWorks Sample Reports/Sales Order Detail";15

16
// Create the sales order number report parameter17
ReportParameter salesOrderNumber = new ReportParameter();18
salesOrderNumber.Name = "SalesOrderNumber";19
salesOrderNumber.Values.Add("SO43661");20

21
// Set the report parameters for the report22
reportViewer.ServerReport.SetParameters(23
new ReportParameter[] { salesOrderNumber });24
}25
}VB
Imports Microsoft.Reporting.WebForms2

3
Partial Class _Default4
Inherits System.Web.UI.Page5

6
Protected Sub Page_Init(ByVal sender As Object, _7
ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Init8

9
If Not Page.IsPostBack Then10

11
'Set the processing mode for the ReportViewer to Remote12
reportViewer.ProcessingMode = ProcessingMode.Remote13

14
Dim serverReport As ServerReport15
serverReport = reportViewer.ServerReport16

17
'Set the report server URL and report path18
serverReport.ReportServerUrl = _19
New Uri("http://localhost/reportserver")20
serverReport.ReportPath = _21
"/AdventureWorks Sample Reports/Sales Order Detail"22

23
'Create the sales order number report parameter24
Dim salesOrderNumber As New ReportParameter()25
salesOrderNumber.Name = "SalesOrderNumber"26
salesOrderNumber.Values.Add("SO43661")27

28
'Set the report parameters for the report29
Dim parameters() As ReportParameter = {salesOrderNumber}30
serverReport.SetParameters(parameters)31

32
End If33

34
End Sub35

36
End Class
4、使用本地处理模式(Local Processing Mode)浏览报表
这个例子同样使用了AdventureWorks Report Samples,你可以在本文章的最下面点击下载我做好的例子。
(1) 打开一个Web Site提供报表的增加
(2) 从菜单栏选择增加现有项
(3) 将C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\90\Samples\Reporting Services\Report Samples\AdventureWorks Sample Reports\ Sales Order Detail.rdl 报表文件加入项目
(4) 重命名Sales Order Detail.rdl为Sales Order Detail.rdlc
(5) 下面的例子将会在本地模式下建立一个dataset作为报表的数据源显示报表
C#
protected void Page_Init(object sender, EventArgs e)2
{3
if (!Page.IsPostBack)4
{5
// Set the processing mode for the ReportViewer to Local6
reportViewer.ProcessingMode = ProcessingMode.Local;7

8
LocalReport localReport = reportViewer.LocalReport;9

10
localReport.ReportPath = "Sales Order Detail.rdlc";11

12
DataSet dataset = new DataSet("Sales Order Detail");13

14
string salesOrderNumber = "SO43661";15

16
GetSalesOrderData(salesOrderNumber, ref dataset);17

18
ReportDataSource dsSalesOrder = new ReportDataSource();19
dsSalesOrder.Name = "SalesOrder";20
dsSalesOrder.Value = dataset.Tables["SalesOrder"];21

22
localReport.DataSources.Add(dsSalesOrder);23

24
GetSalesOrderDetailData(salesOrderNumber, ref dataset);25

26
ReportDataSource dsSalesOrderDetail = new ReportDataSource();27
dsSalesOrderDetail.Name = "SalesOrderDetail";28
dsSalesOrderDetail.Value = dataset.Tables["SalesOrderDetail"];29

30
localReport.DataSources.Add(dsSalesOrderDetail);31

32
// Create the sales order number report parameter33
ReportParameter rpSalesOrderNumber = new ReportParameter();34
rpSalesOrderNumber.Name = "SalesOrderNumber";35
rpSalesOrderNumber.Values.Add("SO43661");36

37
// Set the report parameters for the report38
localReport.SetParameters(39
new ReportParameter[] { rpSalesOrderNumber });40
}41
}42

43
private void GetSalesOrderData(string salesOrderNumber,44
ref DataSet dsSalesOrder)45
{46
string sqlSalesOrder =47
"SELECT SOH.SalesOrderNumber, S.Name AS Store, " +48
" SOH.OrderDate, C.FirstName AS SalesFirstName, " +49
" C.LastName AS SalesLastName, E.Title AS " +50
" SalesTitle, SOH.PurchaseOrderNumber, " +51
" SM.Name AS ShipMethod, BA.AddressLine1 " +52
" AS BillAddress1, BA.AddressLine2 AS " +53
" BillAddress2, BA.City AS BillCity, " +54
" BA.PostalCode AS BillPostalCode, BSP.Name " +55
" AS BillStateProvince, BCR.Name AS " +56
" BillCountryRegion, SA.AddressLine1 AS " +57
" ShipAddress1, SA.AddressLine2 AS " +58
" ShipAddress2, SA.City AS ShipCity, " +59
" SA.PostalCode AS ShipPostalCode, SSP.Name " +60
" AS ShipStateProvince, SCR.Name AS " +61
" ShipCountryRegion, CC.Phone AS CustPhone, " +62
" CC.FirstName AS CustFirstName, CC.LastName " +63
" AS CustLastName " +64
"FROM Person.Address SA INNER JOIN " +65
" Person.StateProvince SSP ON " +66
" SA.StateProvinceID = SSP.StateProvinceID " +67
" INNER JOIN Person.CountryRegion SCR ON " +68
" SSP.CountryRegionCode = SCR.CountryRegionCode " +69
" RIGHT OUTER JOIN Sales.SalesOrderHeader SOH " +70
" LEFT OUTER JOIN Person.Contact CC ON " +71
" SOH.ContactID = CC.ContactID LEFT OUTER JOIN" +72
" Person.Address BA INNER JOIN " +73
" Person.StateProvince BSP ON " +74
" BA.StateProvinceID = BSP.StateProvinceID " +75
" INNER JOIN Person.CountryRegion BCR ON " +76
" BSP.CountryRegionCode = " +77
" BCR.CountryRegionCode ON SOH.BillToAddressID " +78
" = BA.AddressID ON SA.AddressID = " +79
" SOH.ShipToAddressID LEFT OUTER JOIN " +80
" Person.Contact C RIGHT OUTER JOIN " +81
" HumanResources.Employee E ON C.ContactID = " +82
" E.ContactID ON SOH.SalesPersonID = " +83
" E.EmployeeID LEFT OUTER JOIN " +84
" Purchasing.ShipMethod SM ON SOH.ShipMethodID " +85
" = SM.ShipMethodID LEFT OUTER JOIN Sales.Store" +86
" S ON SOH.CustomerID = S.CustomerID " +87
"WHERE (SOH.SalesOrderNumber = @SalesOrderNumber)";88

89
SqlConnection connection = new90
SqlConnection("Data Source=(local); " +91
"Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks; " +92
"Integrated Security=SSPI");93

94
SqlCommand command =95
new SqlCommand(sqlSalesOrder, connection);96

97
command.Parameters.Add(98
new SqlParameter("SalesOrderNumber",99
salesOrderNumber));100

101
SqlDataAdapter salesOrderAdapter = new102
SqlDataAdapter(command);103

104
salesOrderAdapter.Fill(dsSalesOrder, "SalesOrder");105
}106

107
private void GetSalesOrderDetailData(string salesOrderNumber,108
ref DataSet dsSalesOrder)109
{110
string sqlSalesOrderDetail =111
"SELECT SOD.SalesOrderDetailID, SOD.OrderQty, " +112
" SOD.UnitPrice, CASE WHEN " +113
" SOD.UnitPriceDiscount IS NULL THEN 0 " +114
" ELSE SOD.UnitPriceDiscount END AS " +115
" UnitPriceDiscount, SOD.LineTotal, " +116
" SOD.CarrierTrackingNumber, " +117
" SOD.SalesOrderID, P.Name, P.ProductNumber " +118
"FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail SOD INNER JOIN " +119
" Production.Product P ON SOD.ProductID = " +120
" P.ProductID INNER JOIN " +121
" Sales.SalesOrderHeader SOH ON " +122
" SOD.SalesOrderID = SOH.SalesOrderID " +123
"WHERE (SOH.SalesOrderNumber = @SalesOrderNumber) " +124
"ORDER BY SOD.SalesOrderDetailID";125

126
using (SqlConnection connection = new127
SqlConnection("Data Source=(local); " +128
"Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks; " +129
"Integrated Security=SSPI"))130
{131

132
SqlCommand command =133
new SqlCommand(sqlSalesOrderDetail, connection);134

135
command.Parameters.Add(136
new SqlParameter("SalesOrderNumber",137
salesOrderNumber));138

139
SqlDataAdapter salesOrderDetailAdapter = new140
SqlDataAdapter(command);141

142
salesOrderDetailAdapter.Fill(dsSalesOrder,143
"SalesOrderDetail");144
}145
}VB
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports Microsoft.Reporting.WebForms
Partial Class _Default
Inherits System.Web.UI.Page
Protected Sub Page_Init(ByVal sender As Object, _
ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Me.Init
If Not Page.IsPostBack Then
'Set the processing mode for the ReportViewer to Local
reportViewer.ProcessingMode = ProcessingMode.Local
Dim localReport As LocalReport
localReport = reportViewer.LocalReport
localReport.ReportPath = "Sales Order Detail.rdlc"
Dim dataset As New DataSet("Sales Order Detail")
Dim salesOrderNumber As String = "SO43661"
'Get the sales order data
GetSalesOrderData(salesOrderNumber, dataset)
'Create a report data source for the sales order data
Dim dsSalesOrder As New ReportDataSource()
dsSalesOrder.Name = "SalesOrder"
dsSalesOrder.Value = dataset.Tables("SalesOrder")
localReport.DataSources.Add(dsSalesOrder)
'Get the sales order detail data
GetSalesOrderDetailData(salesOrderNumber, dataset)
'Create a report data source for the sales
'order detail data
Dim dsSalesOrderDetail As New ReportDataSource()
dsSalesOrderDetail.Name = "SalesOrderDetail"
dsSalesOrderDetail.Value = _
dataset.Tables("SalesOrderDetail")
localReport.DataSources.Add(dsSalesOrderDetail)
'Create a report parameter for the sales order number
Dim rpSalesOrderNumber As New ReportParameter()
rpSalesOrderNumber.Name = "SalesOrderNumber"
rpSalesOrderNumber.Values.Add("SO43661")
'Set the report parameters for the report
Dim parameters() As ReportParameter = {rpSalesOrderNumber}
localReport.SetParameters(parameters)
End If
End Sub
Private Sub GetSalesOrderData(ByVal salesOrderNumber As String, _
ByRef dsSalesOrder As DataSet)
Dim sqlSalesOrder As String = _
"SELECT SOH.SalesOrderNumber, S.Name AS Store, " & _
" SOH.OrderDate, C.FirstName AS SalesFirstName, " & _
" C.LastName AS SalesLastName, E.Title AS " & _
" SalesTitle, SOH.PurchaseOrderNumber, " & _
" SM.Name AS ShipMethod, BA.AddressLine1 " & _
" AS BillAddress1, BA.AddressLine2 AS " & _
" BillAddress2, BA.City AS BillCity, " & _
" BA.PostalCode AS BillPostalCode, BSP.Name " & _
" AS BillStateProvince, BCR.Name AS " & _
" BillCountryRegion, SA.AddressLine1 AS " & _
" ShipAddress1, SA.AddressLine2 AS " & _
" ShipAddress2, SA.City AS ShipCity, " & _
" SA.PostalCode AS ShipPostalCode, SSP.Name " & _
" AS ShipStateProvince, SCR.Name AS " & _
" ShipCountryRegion, CC.Phone AS CustPhone, " & _
" CC.FirstName AS CustFirstName, CC.LastName " & _
" AS CustLastName " & _
"FROM Person.Address SA INNER JOIN " & _
" Person.StateProvince SSP ON " & _
" SA.StateProvinceID = SSP.StateProvinceID " & _
" INNER JOIN Person.CountryRegion SCR ON " & _
" SSP.CountryRegionCode = SCR.CountryRegionCode " & _
" RIGHT OUTER JOIN Sales.SalesOrderHeader SOH " & _
" LEFT OUTER JOIN Person.Contact CC ON " & _
" SOH.ContactID = CC.ContactID LEFT OUTER JOIN" & _
" Person.Address BA INNER JOIN " & _
" Person.StateProvince BSP ON " & _
" BA.StateProvinceID = BSP.StateProvinceID " & _
" INNER JOIN Person.CountryRegion BCR ON " & _
" BSP.CountryRegionCode = " & _
" BCR.CountryRegionCode ON SOH.BillToAddressID " & _
" = BA.AddressID ON SA.AddressID = " & _
" SOH.ShipToAddressID LEFT OUTER JOIN " & _
" Person.Contact C RIGHT OUTER JOIN " & _
" HumanResources.Employee E ON C.ContactID = " & _
" E.ContactID ON SOH.SalesPersonID = " & _
" E.EmployeeID LEFT OUTER JOIN " & _
" Purchasing.ShipMethod SM ON SOH.ShipMethodID " & _
" = SM.ShipMethodID LEFT OUTER JOIN Sales.Store" & _
" S ON SOH.CustomerID = S.CustomerID " & _
"WHERE (SOH.SalesOrderNumber = @SalesOrderNumber)"
Using connection As New SqlConnection( _
"Data Source=(local); " & _
"Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks; " & _
"Integrated Security=SSPI")
Dim command As New SqlCommand(sqlSalesOrder, connection)
Dim parameter As New SqlParameter("SalesOrderNumber", _
salesOrderNumber)
command.Parameters.Add(parameter)
Dim salesOrderAdapter As New SqlDataAdapter(command)
salesOrderAdapter.Fill(dsSalesOrder, "SalesOrder")
End Using
End Sub
Private Sub GetSalesOrderDetailData( _
ByVal salesOrderNumber As String, _
ByRef dsSalesOrder As DataSet)
Dim sqlSalesOrderDetail As String = _
"SELECT SOD.SalesOrderDetailID, SOD.OrderQty, " & _
" SOD.UnitPrice, CASE WHEN " & _
" SOD.UnitPriceDiscount IS NULL THEN 0 " & _
" ELSE SOD.UnitPriceDiscount END AS " & _
" UnitPriceDiscount, SOD.LineTotal, " & _
" SOD.CarrierTrackingNumber, " & _
" SOD.SalesOrderID, P.Name, P.ProductNumber " & _
"FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail SOD INNER JOIN " & _
" Production.Product P ON SOD.ProductID = " & _
" P.ProductID INNER JOIN " & _
" Sales.SalesOrderHeader SOH ON " & _
" SOD.SalesOrderID = SOH.SalesOrderID " & _
"WHERE (SOH.SalesOrderNumber = @SalesOrderNumber) " & _
"ORDER BY SOD.SalesOrderDetailID"
Using connection As New SqlConnection( _
"Data Source=(local); " & _
"Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks; " & _
"Integrated Security=SSPI")
Dim command As New SqlCommand(sqlSalesOrderDetail, _
connection)
Dim parameter As New SqlParameter("SalesOrderNumber", _
salesOrderNumber)
command.Parameters.Add(parameter)
Dim salesOrderDetailAdapter As New SqlDataAdapter(command)
salesOrderDetailAdapter.Fill(dsSalesOrder, _
"SalesOrderDetail")
End Using
End Sub
End Class
三、设计报表连接数据源
当做完以上工作后,还需要设计报表的连接数据源,用记事本打开Sales Order Detail.rdlc。你只需详细关注里面的DataSources和DataSets就可
<DataSources>2

3
<DataSource Name="AdventureWorks"> --报表数据源名称必须统一4

5
<ConnectionProperties>6

7
<ConnectString />8

9
<DataProvider>SQL</DataProvider>10

11
</ConnectionProperties>12

13
</DataSource>14

15
</DataSources>16

17
<DataSets>18

19
<DataSet Name="SalesOrderDetail"> --对应于程序中dsSalesOrderDetail.Name = "SalesOrderDetail"20

21
<Fields> --所有dataset中有的列必须在此申明22

23
<Field Name="SalesOrderDetailID">24

25
<DataField>SalesOrderDetailID</DataField>26

27
<rd:TypeName>System.Int32</rd:TypeName>28

29
</Field>30

31
</Fields>32

33
<Query>34

35
<DataSourceName>AdventureWorks</DataSourceName>36

37
<CommandText>38

39
</CommandText>40

41
<Timeout>30</Timeout>42

43
<rd:UseGenericDesigner>true</rd:UseGenericDesigner>44

45
</Query>46

47
</DataSet>48

49
</DataSets>50

其中DataSet 的<DataSet Name="SalesOrderDetail">属性对应于程序中的
Dim dsSalesOrderDetail As New ReportDataSource()
dsSalesOrderDetail.Name = "SalesOrderDetail"//对应该属性
dsSalesOrderDetail.Value =dataset.Tables("SalesOrderDetail")//绑定已经存在的dataset
localReport.DataSources.Add(dsSalesOrderDetail)
只要rdlc文件符合规范,其中的Fields设置为所有得出列名,定义的datasource name没有规定,但是必须统一,既可。你只要按照这样的格式去写一个报表文件,那么任何dataset都是可以绑定上去的,也就是说比如从将一个存储过程返回的dataset绑定到一张报表上面。
提示:
所有的列名申明将是一个非常令人头疼的问题,我所能作到的最简单的方法是按照向导作出一张报表,然后提取里面的所有fields复制到我要产生的报表中,如果你有更好的方法还请尽快告诉我,谢谢。
最后就是在报表上增加你想要显示的数据了,增加Reports Item,绑定参数等等,在此不作为本文介绍的内容。
四、总结
对于动态绑定报表的优点实在是太多了,你可以像绑定一个DataGrid那样去绑定一张报表,而且Reporting Services支持强大导出的功能也会让你的报表更满足你的需要。你可以从不同的页面传递不同的参数到同一个报表显示页面,根据参数的不同显示不同的报表,后台的代码是非常简单,唯一比较繁琐的任务都在于报表本身的设计。
呵呵,总算写完了,如果你有更好的方法还请一定联系我,大家交流,共同进步。
示例程序代码:/Files/Carlwave/reportSample.rar(要求:安装了SQL2005和VS2005即可)



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