OL7.6上RPM方式安装Oracle 19c

设置主机名

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.0.0.11 study1.localdomain study1
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/hostname
study1.localdomain

安装环境准备工具

其实直接rpm安装即可，它会自动解决依赖问题包括环境准备工具，但是这样oracle用户没有home目录，所以单独先安装环境准备工具

[root@study1 /]# yum -y install oracle-database-preinstall-19c
Loaded plugins: langpacks, ulninfo
ol7_UEKR5                                                                                                                                                                                        | 2.5 kB  00:00:00     
ol7_latest                                                                                                                                                                                       | 2.7 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): ol7_UEKR5/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                                                               |  49 kB  00:00:01     
(2/4): ol7_latest/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                                                              | 1.1 MB  00:00:05     
(3/4): ol7_UEKR5/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                               | 5.7 MB  00:00:27     
(4/4): ol7_latest/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                                                              |  19 MB  00:01:21     
Resolving Dependencies

(many more lines supressed)

Installed:
  oracle-database-preinstall-19c.x86_64 0:1.0-1.el7                                                                                                                                                                     

Dependency Installed:
  compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-7.el7    compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-72.el7    glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.17-292.0.1.el7        glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.17-292.0.1.el7    kernel-headers.x86_64 0:3.10.0-1062.el7   
  ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-139.0.1.el7     libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7         libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.0.1.el7   

Dependency Updated:
  glibc.x86_64 0:2.17-292.0.1.el7                                     glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.17-292.0.1.el7                                     libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.8.5-39.0.1.el7                                    

Complete!
[root@study1 /]# 

如果是rhel或者centos，就要手工先下载preinstall的rmp包，然后本地安装(或者添加oracle linux的yum源来yum安装)

[root@study1 /]# curl -o oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 18204  100 18204    0     0  18037      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:-- 18059
[root@study1 /]# yum -y localinstall oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装oracle软件

[root@study1 db]# yum -y localinstall oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: langpacks, ulninfo
Examining oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm: oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64
Marking oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-database-ee-19c.x86_64 0:1.0-1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                  Arch                                     Version                                 Repository                                                              Size
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 oracle-database-ee-19c                                   x86_64                                   1.0-1                                   /oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                   6.9 G

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 6.9 G
Installed size: 6.9 G
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                  1/1 
[INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
[INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
To configure a sample Oracle Database you can execute the following service configuration script as root: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
  Verifying  : oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                  1/1 

Installed:
  oracle-database-ee-19c.x86_64 0:1.0-1                                                                                                                                                                                 

Complete!
[root@study1 db]# 

oracle_home目录是/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1

创建数据库

[root@study1 dbhome_1]# /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
Configuring Oracle Database ORCLCDB.
Prepare for db operation
8% complete
Copying database files
31% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
32% complete
36% complete
40% complete
43% complete
46% complete
Completing Database Creation
51% complete
54% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
58% complete
77% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
 /opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.

Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.
[root@study1 dbhome_1]# 

这默认创建了名为ORCLCDB且pdb名ORCLPDB1的数据库，当然可以不用这么创建，用传统的dbca方式

优缺点

实际上这个方式并没有什么用，比起来静默安装也并没有显得更容易，只能安装数据库软件，并不能升级数据库，而且不能用于rac，只能用于安装单实例数据库，整个部署没有给予定制空间比如oracle_home目录如果和你公司的磁盘规划不一致呢，不过新手可能认为这样更简单，这个方式仅试试而已体会一下，实际生产中几乎是不能用的