Windows Communication Foundation
WCF是.NET 的一部分，它为快速构建可在整个 Web 和企业内进行通信的面向服务的应用程序提供了统一的编程模型。
下面我们将建立一个解决方案来说明如何建立并使用WCF服务
1、创建一个名为CalulatorService解决方案，我们要创建一个为用户提供简单计算的服务，完整案例下载
2、创建一个名为Contracts类库项目，添加ICalculator.cs接口文件，该项目为WCF服务定义了契约（就是使用服务的协定、规则）
using System.ServiceModel;
namespace Contracts
{
// 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令，可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的接口名“IService1”。
[ServiceContract(Name="CalculatorService",Namespace="")]
public interface ICalculator
{
[OperationContract]
double Add(double x,double y);
[OperationContract]
double Subtract(double x, double y);
[OperationContract]
double Multiply(double x, double y);
[OperationContract]
double Divide(double x, double y);
// TODO: 在此添加您的服务操作
}
// 使用下面示例中说明的数据协定将复合类型添加到服务操作
}
3、创建一个名为Services类库项目，添加CalculatorService.cs类文件，该文件实现ICalculator
using Contracts;
namespace Services
{
// 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令，可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的类名“Service1”。
public class CalculatorService :ICalculator
{
public double Add(double x, double y)
{
return x + y;
}
public double Subtract(double x, double y)
{
return x - y;
}
public double Multiply(double x, double y)
{
return x * y;
}
public double Divide(double x, double y)
{
return x / y;
}
}
}
4、为WCF提供宿主运行环境，创建名为Hosting控制台程序，以下提供了通过代码创建服务和配置文件创建的方式
using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
using Contracts;
using Services;
namespace Hosting
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
C_Main(null);
return;
using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService)))
{
host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculator), new WSHttpBinding(), "http://127.0.0.1:8888/CalculatorService");
if (host.Description.Behaviors.Find<ServiceMetadataBehavior>() == null)
{
ServiceMetadataBehavior behavior = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
behavior.HttpGetEnabled = true;
behavior.HttpGetUrl = new Uri("http://127.0.0.1:8888/CalculatorService/metadata");
host.Description.Behaviors.Add(behavior);
}
host.Opened += delegate
{
Console.WriteLine("服务已启动，按任意键退出！");
};
host.Open();
Console.Read();
}
}
static void C_Main(string[] args)
{
using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculatorService)))
{
host.Opened += delegate
{
Console.WriteLine("服务已启动，按任意键退出！");
};
host.Open();
Console.Read();
}
}
}
}
配置文件设置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="metadataBehavior">
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"
httpGetUrl="http://127.0.0.1:8888/CalculatorService/metadata"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<services>
<service behaviorConfiguration="metadataBehavior" name="Services.CalculatorService">
<endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:8888/CalculatorService"
binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Contracts.ICalculator"/>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
</configuration>
5、将服务寄宿在IIS中，创建名为IISHosting的WCF服务WEB程序，添加名为CalculatorService.svc服务文件
<%@ ServiceHost Language="C#" Debug="true" Service="Services.CalculatorService" %>
配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
<system.web>
<compilation debug="false" targetFramework="4.0" />
</system.web>
<system.serviceModel>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior name="metadataBehavior">
<!-- 为避免泄漏元数据信息，请在部署前将以下值设置为 false 并删除上面的元数据终结点 -->
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
<!-- 要接收故障异常详细信息以进行调试，请将以下值设置为 true。在部署前设置为 false 以避免泄漏异常信息-->
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<!--<serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />-->
<services>
<service behaviorConfiguration="metadataBehavior" name="Services.CalculatorService">
<endpoint binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Contracts.ICalculator"/>
</service>
</services>
</system.serviceModel>
<system.webServer>
<modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
</system.webServer>
</configuration>
6、在客户端调用，创建名为Client和控制台程序，以下WCF服务提供了两种调用方式，第一种方式要为项目添加服务引用，第二种要添加对Contracts项目的引用
using System;
using System.ServiceModel;
using Client.CalculatorServices;
using Contracts;
namespace Client
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IIS_Main(null);
return;
CF_Main(null);
return;
using (CalculatorServiceClient proxy = new CalculatorServiceClient())
{
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Add(1,2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Subtract(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Multiply(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Divide(1, 2));
Console.Read();
}
}
static void CF_Main(string[] args)
{
using (ChannelFactory<ICalculator> channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculator>(
new WSHttpBinding(), "http://127.0.0.1:8888/CalculatorService"))
{
ICalculator proxy = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Add(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Subtract(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Multiply(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Divide(1, 2));
Console.Read();
}
}
static void IIS_Main(string[] args)
{
using (ChannelFactory<ICalculator> channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculator>(
new WSHttpBinding(), "http://127.0.0.1:2881/IISHosting/CalculatorService.svc"))
{
ICalculator proxy = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Add(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Subtract(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Multiply(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(proxy.Divide(1, 2));
Console.Read();
}
}
}
}
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