实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践
实验7：基于REST API的SDN北向应用实践
一、实验目的:
能够编写程序调用OpenDaylight REST API实现特定网络功能；
能够编写程序调用Ryu REST API实现特定网络功能。
二、实验环境:
下载虚拟机软件Oracle VisualBox或VMware；
在虚拟机中安装Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop amd64，并完整安装Mininet、OpenDaylight（Carbon版本）、Postman和Ryu；
三、实验要求:
（一）基本要求
OpenDaylight
（1） 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑，并连接OpenDaylight；
./distribution-karaf-0.6.4-Carbon/bin/karaf
sudo mn --topo=single,3 --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13
pingall
（2） 编写Python程序，调用OpenDaylight的北向接口下发指令删除s1上的流表数据。
新建delete.py，
#delete.py
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
if __name__ == "__main__":
url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/'
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
res = requests.delete(url, headers=headers, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
print (res.content)
（3） 编写Python程序，调用OpenDaylight的北向接口下发硬超时流表，实现拓扑内主机h1和h3网络中断20s。
#delay.py
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
def http_put(url,jstr):
url= url
headers = {'Content-Type':'application/json'}
resp = requests.put(url,jstr,headers=headers,auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin'))
return resp
if __name__ == "__main__":
url='http://127.0.0.1:8181/restconf/config/opendaylight-inventory:nodes/node/openflow:1/flow-node-inventory:table/0/flow/1'
with open('delay.json') as f:
jstr = f.read()
resp = http_put(url,jstr)
print (resp.content)
#delay.json
{ //json
"flow": [
{
"id": "1",
"match": {
"in-port": "1",
"ethernet-match": {
"ethernet-type": {
"type": "0x0800"
}
},
"ipv4-destination": "10.0.0.3/32"
},
"instructions": {
"instruction": [
{
"order": "0",
"apply-actions": {
"action": [
{
"order": "0",
"drop-action": {}
} ] } } ]
},
"flow-name": "flow1",
"priority": "65535",
"hard-timeout": "20",
"cookie": "2",
"table_id": "0"
} ] }
（4） 编写Python程序，调用OpenDaylight的北向接口获取s1上活动的流表数。
2. Ryu
（1） 编写Python程序，调用Ryu的北向接口，实现上述OpenDaylight实验拓扑上相同的硬超时流表下发。
ryu-manager ryu.app.simple_switch_13 ryu.app.ofctl_rest
sudo mn --topo=single,3 --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13
#RyuDelay.py
import requests
if __name__ == "__main__":
url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/stats/flowentry/add'
with open("./RyuDelay.json") as f:
jstr = f.read()
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
res = requests.post(url, jstr, headers=headers)
print (res.content)
{
"dpid": 1,
"cookie": 1,
"cookie_mask": 1,
"table_id": 0,
"hard_timeout": 20,
"priority": 65535,
"flags": 1,
"match":{
"in_port":1
},
"actions":[
]
}
（2） 利用Mininet平台搭建下图所示网络拓扑，要求支持OpenFlow 1.3协议，主机名、交换机名以及端口对应正确。拓扑生成后需连接Ryu，且Ryu应能够提供RESTAPI服务。
#!/usr/bin/env python
from mininet.topo import Topo
class MyTopo(Topo):
def __init__(self):
# initilaize topology
Topo.__init__(self)
self.addSwitch("s1")
self.addSwitch("s2")
self.addHost("h1")
self.addHost("h2")
self.addHost("h3")
self.addHost("h4")
self.addLink("s1", "h1")
self.addLink("s1", "h2")
self.addLink("s2", "h3")
self.addLink("s2", "h4")
self.addLink("s1", "s2")
topos = {'mytopo': (lambda: MyTopo())}
命令运行：
sudo sudo mn --custom topo.py --topo mytopo --mac --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow13
（3） 整理一个Shell脚本，参考Ryu REST API的文档，利用curl命令，实现和实验2相同的VLAN。
命令行运行
curl -X DELETE http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/clear/1
curl -X DELETE http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/clear/2
Shell脚本
#vlan.py
#将主机1，2发送来的数据包打上vlan标记
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 1,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"in_port": 1
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "SET_FIELD",
"field": "vlan_vid",
"value": 4096
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 3
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 1,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"in_port": 2
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "SET_FIELD",
"field": "vlan_vid",
"value": 4097
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 3
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
# 将主机3，4发送来的数据包取出vlan标记
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 1,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"vlan_vid": 0
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "POP_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 1
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 1,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"vlan_vid": 1
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "POP_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 2
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
# 将主机3，4发送来的数据包打上vlan标记
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 2,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"in_port": 1
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "SET_FIELD",
"field": "vlan_vid",
"value": 4096
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 3
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 2,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"in_port": 2
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "PUSH_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "SET_FIELD",
"field": "vlan_vid",
"value": 4097
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 3
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 2,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"vlan_vid": 0
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "POP_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 1
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
curl -X POST -d '{
"dpid": 2,
"priority": 1,
"match":{
"vlan_vid": 1
},
"actions":[
{
"type": "POP_VLAN",
"ethertype": 33024
},
{
"type": "OUTPUT",
"port": 2
}
]
}' http://localhost:8080/stats/flowentry/add
四、个人总结：
通过本次实验，我学会了编写程序调用OpenDaylight REST API来实现特定网络功能，还了解了编写程序调用Ryu REST API实现特定网络功能。
在进行流表实验时，不小心退出了它们的连接，再去重新连接的时候，它显示已经被连接了。要关掉软件，重新打开，连接就可以了。
在拓扑结构增加时，本来想着再去重新建一个拓扑，后来，从同学那里了解到，可以直接通过代码，增加拓扑结构，
整理一个Shell脚本，参考Ryu REST API的文档，这个比较实验比较困难，难以理解，不太会，之后还会再看看其他同学怎么做的，多学习这方面的知识，争取把它做出来。
总的来说，这个实验还是收获很多，学到了很多不懂得东西，使我受益匪浅。
