1通过URL对象的openStream()方法能够得到指定资源的输入流。
1通过URL对象的openStream()方法能够得到指定资源的输入流。
2通过输入流能够读取、訪问网络上的数据。
案例:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class UrlTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
URL url = new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
InputStream is = url.openStream();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is,"utf-8");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String data = br.readLine();
while(data != null){
System.out.println(data);
data = br.readLine();
}
br.close();
isr.close();
is.close();
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Socket通信实现步骤
1 创建ServerSocekt和Socket
2 打开连接到Socket的输入/输出流
3 依照协议对Socket进行读写操作
4关闭输入输出流、关闭Socket
基于TCP的Socket通信
client能够对应,
服务端:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
System.out.println("server端即将启动!!");
Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String info = null;
while((info = br.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println("我是server,client说:" + info);
}
socket.shutdownInput();
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(os);
pw.write("欢迎您!!");
pw.flush();
pw.close();
os.close();
br.close();
isr.close();
is.close();
socket.close();
serverSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}client:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Socket socket = new Socket("localhost",8888);
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(os);
pw.write("username:admin;password:123");
pw.flush();
socket.shutdownOutput();
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
String info = null;
while((info = br.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println("我是client。server说:" + info);
}
br.close();
is.close();
pw.close();
os.close();
socket.close();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}多线程server与多client通信:
基本实现步骤:
1 server端创建ServerSocket,循环调用accept()等待client连接
2 client创建一个socket并请求和服务端连接
3 服务端接受client请求,创建socket与客户建立专线连接
4 建立连接的两个socket在一个单独的线程对话
5 server端继续等待新的连接
案例:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
public class ServerThread extends Thread{
Socket socket = null;
public ServerThread(Socket socket){
this.socket = socket;
}
public void run(){
InputStream is= null;
InputStreamReader isr = null;
BufferedReader br = null;
OutputStream os = null;
PrintWriter pw = null;
try {
is = socket.getInputStream();
isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
br = new BufferedReader(isr);
String info = null;
while((info = br.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println("我是server。client说:" + info);
}
socket.shutdownInput();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
pw = new PrintWriter(os);
pw.write("欢迎您!。");
pw.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
if(pw!= null)
pw.close();
if(os != null)
os.close();
if(br != null)
br.close();
if(isr != null)
isr.close();
if(is != null)
is.close();
if(socket != null)
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// serverSocket.close();
}
}
服务端:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
Socket socket = null;
int count = 0;
System.out.println("server端即将启动!!");
while(true){
socket = serverSocket.accept();
ServerThread serverThread = new ServerThread(socket);
serverThread.start();
count++;
System.out.println("client连接数量:" + count);
InetAddress address = socket.getInetAddress();
System.out.println("当前client的IP:" + address);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
client同上。
UDP
DatagramPacket:表示数据报包
DatagramSocket:进行端到端通信的类
基于UDP的Socket编程
服务端:
package com.hpu.lianxi;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
public class UDPServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(8800);
byte[] data = new byte[1024];
System.out.println("server已经启动,等待client发送数据****");
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data,data.length);
socket.receive(packet);
String info = new String(data,0,packet.getLength());
System.out.println("这是服务端,client说:" + info);
InetAddress address = packet.getAddress();
int port = packet.getPort();
byte[] data2 = "欢迎您!。".getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet2 = new DatagramPacket(data2, data2.length,address,port);
socket.send(packet2);
socket.close();
}
}
client:
package com.hpu.lianxi;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.SocketException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class UDPClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("localhost");
int port = 8800;
byte[] data = "username:admin;password:123".getBytes();
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data, data.length,address,port);
DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
socket.send(packet);
byte[] data2 = new byte[1024];
DatagramPacket packet2 = new DatagramPacket(data2, data2.length,address,port);
socket.receive(packet2);
String reply = new String(data2,0,packet2.getLength());
System.out.println("我是client,server说:" + reply);
socket.close();
}
}多线程的优先级
假设不设置优先级可能会导致执行时速度很慢,可减少优先级
输入流与输出流的关闭
对于同一个socket,假设关闭了输出流。则与该输出流关联的socket也会被关闭,所以一般不用
关闭流,直接关闭socket就可以
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