GIS专业英语（一）

New words

单词	音标	翻译
comprehensive	[ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv]	adj.全面的；综合的；包罗万象的；详尽的
intellectual	[ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv]	adj.智力的，脑力的
jargon	[ˈdʒɑː(r)ɡən]	n.行话；术语；俗语；时髦话
terminology	[ˌtɜː(r)mɪˈnɒlədʒi]	n.（某学科的）术语；有特别含义的用语；专门用语
geomatique	[dʒiəˈmætik]	n.地理信息技术
geoscience	[ˌdʒi:əʊ'saɪəns]	n.地球科学
derivative	[dɪˈrɪvətɪv]	n.派生物，衍生物
cartography	[kɑːˈtɒɡrəfi]	n.地图制图学，地图绘制
architect	[ˈɑːkɪtekt]	n.建筑师
preliminary	[prɪˈlɪmɪnəri]	n.准备工作; adj.初步的; 预备的
enumerate	[ɪˈnjuːməreɪt]	vt.列举，枚举，数
resemble	[rɪˈzembl]	v.像; 类似
transformation	[ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn]	n.变化;转换;

Exercise

What is the subsystems of GIS?

The subsystems of a Geographic Information System (GIS) typically include the following components:

1. Hardware: This includes the physical equipment such as computers, servers, storage devices, and specialized GIS hardware like scanners, GPS devices, and plotters.

2. Software: This is the suite of programs that enable users to create, manage, analyze, and visualize geographic data. Examples include ArcGIS, QGIS, and GRASS GIS.

3. Data: This is the core of any GIS system, consisting of spatial data (e.g., maps, satellite imagery, georeferenced aerial photos) and attribute data (e.g., demographic information, land use types).

4. People: The individuals who operate the GIS system, including data analysts, mapmakers, GIS technicians, and end-users who make decisions based on GIS outputs.

5. Methods: The procedures and workflows used to collect, store, analyze, and present geographic data. These methods can include data collection techniques, quality control processes, and analysis protocols.

6. Standards: The guidelines and best practices that ensure the integrity and interoperability of geographic information. Standards can include data formats, projection systems, and sharing protocols.

Each subsystem plays a crucial role in the functionality and effectiveness of a GIS, allowing for the integration, analysis, and visualization of geographically referenced data.