Nginx Rewrite相关功能-URI 重定向

　　　　　　　　　　　　Nginx Rewrite相关功能-URI 重定向

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　作者：尹正杰

版权声明：原创作品，谢绝转载！否则将追究法律责任。

 

 

 

一.实验环境说明

1>.虚拟机配置

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# uname -m
x86_64
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# free -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           7.6G        309M        6.9G        8.8M        412M        7.1G
Swap:          7.9G          0B        7.9G
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# hostname -i
172.30.1.101
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# grep 172.30.1.101 /etc/hosts
172.30.1.101 node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn node101.yinzhengjie.com
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core) 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

2>.nginx的主配置文件配置

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
worker_processes  4;
worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000; 
 
events {
   worker_connections  100000;
   use epoll;
   accept_mutex on;
   multi_accept on; 
}
   
   http {
     include       mime.types;
       
     default_type  text/html;
    
     server_tokens off; 
      
     charset utf-8;
   
     log_format my_access_json '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",' '"host":"$server_addr",' '"clientip":"$remote_addr",' '"size":$body_bytes_sent,' '"re
sponsetime":$request_time,' '"upstreamtime":"$upstream_response_time",' '"upstreamhost":"$upstream_addr",' '"http_host":"$host",' '"uri":"$uri",' '"domain":"$host",' '"xff":"$http_x_forwarded_for",' '"referer":"$http_referer",' '"tcp_xff":"$proxy_protocol_addr",' '"http_user_agent":"$http_user_agent",' '"status":"$status"}';   
    access_log logs/access_json.log my_access_json;
 
    ssl_certificate /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/certs/www.yinzhengjie.org.cn.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/certs/www.yinzhengjie.org.cn.key;
    ssl_session_cache shared:sslcache:20m;
    ssl_session_timeout 10m;
  
    include /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

3>.准备测试数据

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# mkdir -pv /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/{break,last,test}
mkdir: created directory ‘/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/break’
mkdir: created directory ‘/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/last’
mkdir: created directory ‘/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/test’
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo "<h1>BREAK<h1>" > /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/break/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo "<h1>LAST<h1>" > /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/last/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# echo "<h1>TEST<h1>" > /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/test/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/ -R
/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/:
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24 Dec 24 12:38 break
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24 Dec 24 11:20 html
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 16 Dec 24 11:21 images
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24 Dec 24 12:38 last
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24 Dec 24 11:14 static
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 24 Dec 24 12:38 test

/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/break:
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14 Dec 24 12:38 index.html

/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/html:
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32 Dec 24 11:20 index.html

/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/images:
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 25 Dec 24 11:22 jd

/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/images/jd:
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25214 Mar 25  2016 favicon.ico

/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/last:
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Dec 24 12:38 index.html

/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/static:
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 35 Dec 24 11:14 index.html

/yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/test:
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Dec 24 12:38 index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

 

二.编辑nginx的子配置文件实现URL重定向（测试写法1，都拿不到数据，只能拿到状态码）

1>.编辑子配置文件并重新加载配置文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/node101_yinzhengjie_org.cn.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn;
   
    location / {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/static;
       index index.html;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/images/jd;
    }

    location /break {
       rewrite ^/break/(.*)/ /test/$1 break;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
       return 666;
    }

    location /last {
       rewrite ^/last/(.*)/ /test/$1 last;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
       return 777;
    }

    location /test {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
       return 888;
    }
}
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

2>.使用curl命令测试返回的状态码

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
HTTP/1.1 666 
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:34:34 GMT
Content-Length: 0
Connection: keep-alive

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
HTTP/1.1 777 
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:34:40 GMT
Content-Length: 0
Connection: keep-alive

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
HTTP/1.1 888 
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:34:46 GMT
Content-Length: 0
Connection: keep-alive

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

 

三.编辑nginx的子配置文件实现URL重定向（测试写法2，break拿不到状态码，但访问"/break"能拿到"/test"的数据）

1>. 编辑子配置文件并重新加载配置文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/node101_yinzhengjie_org.cn.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn;
   
    location / {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/static;
       index index.html;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/images/jd;
    }

    location /break {
       rewrite ^/break/(.*) /test/$1 break;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
       return 666;
    }

    location /last {
       rewrite ^/last/(.*) /test/$1 last;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
       return 777;
    }

    location /test {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
       return 888;
    }
}
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

2>.使用curl命令测试返回的状态码

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:20:34 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 13
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 04:38:44 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5e019654-d"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
HTTP/1.1 888 
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:20:47 GMT
Content-Length: 0
Connection: keep-alive

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
HTTP/1.1 888 
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:21:01 GMT
Content-Length: 0
Connection: keep-alive

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
<h1>TEST<h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

 

四.编辑nginx的子配置文件实现URL重定向（测试写法3，拿到的都是"/test"的数据）

1>.编辑子配置文件并重新加载配置文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/node101_yinzhengjie_org.cn.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn;
   
    location / {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/static;
       index index.html;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/images/jd;
    }

    location /break {
       rewrite ^/break/(.*) /test/$1 break;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
    
    }

    location /last {
       rewrite ^/last/(.*) /test/$1 last;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
      
    }

    location /test {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
  
    }
}
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

2>.使用curl命令测试返回的状态码

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:27:11 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 13
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 04:38:44 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5e019654-d"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:27:18 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 13
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 04:38:44 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5e019654-d"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:27:26 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 13
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 04:38:44 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5e019654-d"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
<h1>TEST<h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
<h1>TEST<h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
<h1>TEST<h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

 

五.编辑nginx的子配置文件实现URL重定向（测试写法4,拿到的都是各自的数据）

1>.编辑子配置文件并重新加载配置文件

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf.d/node101_yinzhengjie_org.cn.conf 
server {
    listen 80;
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn;
   
    location / {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/static;
       index index.html;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx/images/jd;
    }

    location /break {
       rewrite ^/break/(.*)/ /test/$1 break;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
    }

    location /last {
       rewrite ^/last/(.*)/ /test/$1 last;
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
    }

    location /test {
       root /yinzhengjie/data/web/nginx;
       index index.html;
    }
}
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /yinzhengjie/softwares/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# nginx -s reload
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#

2>.使用curl命令测试返回的状态码

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:31:47 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 14
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 04:38:14 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5e019636-e"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:31:54 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 13
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 04:38:29 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5e019645-d"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl  -I  http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: yinzhengjie2019
Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 06:31:58 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-Length: 13
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Dec 2019 04:38:44 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5e019654-d"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/break/index.html
<h1>BREAK<h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/last/index.html
<h1>LAST<h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl    http://node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn/test/index.html
<h1>TEST<h1>
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# 
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
posted @ 2019-12-19 02:46  尹正杰  阅读(2294)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报