tracert 命令简化版本

在复杂的网络中，tracert命令工具是非常有用的检查工具，废话不多说直接上代码。

 

/*
* 开发者：一本正经.胡说八道
*/

#include <io.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <Windows.h>

#define    IP_HDRINCL  2
#define    ICMP_ECHO  8

#ifndef CLOCK_REALTIME
#define CLOCK_REALTIME              0
#endif

/* Windows doesn't have this, so declare it ourselves. */
#ifndef _TIMESPEC_DEFINED
#define _TIMESPEC_DEFINED
struct timespec {
  time_t  tv_sec;   /* Seconds */
  long    tv_nsec;  /* Nanoseconds */
};

struct itimerspec {
  struct timespec  it_interval;  /* Timer period */
  struct timespec  it_value;     /* Timer expiration */
};
#endif

typedef double u_sec; //microseconds
typedef struct { 
  u_sec rtt;
  unsigned short ttl; 
  unsigned short seq_num; 
  unsigned short tot_len;
  char *saddr;
  char *icmp_reply;
} ping;

struct iphdr{
#if 0
  /* IP header. */
  #if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
    uint8_t     ip_hl:4,        /* header length */
          ip_v:4;        /* version */
#elif BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
    uint8_t     ip_v:4,        /* version */
          ip_hl:4;        /* header length */
#endif
#endif
  uint8_t vhl;
  uint8_t tos;
  uint16_t len,
    ipid,
    ipoffset;
  uint8_t ttl,
    proto;
  uint16_t ipchksum;
  uint32_t srcipaddr,
    destipaddr;
};

struct icmphdr {
  uint8_t type, icode;
  uint16_t icmpchksum;
  uint16_t id, seqno;
  uint8_t payload[12];
};

int send_ping(const char * destination, unsigned short icmp_id, unsigned short icmp_seq_no, unsigned short ttl, ping *p);
int in_cksum(unsigned short *addr, int len);

char *ip4addr_ntoa(char* addr)
{
    unsigned char x;
    static char b[3],buf[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
    
    x = addr[0];
    strcpy(buf,_ultoa(x,b,10));
    x = addr[1];
    strcat(buf,".");
    strcat(buf,_ultoa(x,b,10));
    x = addr[2];
    strcat(buf,".");
    strcat(buf,_ultoa(x,b,10));
    x = addr[3];
    strcat(buf,".");
    strcat(buf,_ultoa(x,b,10));
    return buf;
}
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  ping p;
  unsigned short seq_no;

  srand ( time(NULL) );
  unsigned short id = rand();
  unsigned short ttl = 1;
  
  printf("argv[0]=%s|argv[1]=%s\n",argv[0],argv[1]);
  
  for(seq_no=1;seq_no <= 66;seq_no++) {
    ttl = seq_no;
    send_ping(argv[1], id, seq_no, ttl, &p);
   
    printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%d, ttl=%d, time=%.1f ms\n", 
       p.tot_len,
       p.saddr,
       p.seq_num,
       p.ttl,
       p.rtt
       );

    usleep(1000);
    //退出...
    if(strcmp(argv[1],p.saddr)==0)break;
  }

  return 0;
}

#if 0
struct tcpip_hdr {
  /* IP header. */
  u8_t vhl,
    tos;
  u16_t len,
    ipid,
    ipoffset;
  u8_t ttl,
    proto;
  u16_t ipchksum;
  u16_t srcipaddr[2],
    destipaddr[2];
  
  /* TCP header. */
  u16_t srcport,
    destport;
  u8_t seqno[4],
    ackno[4],
    tcpoffset,
    flags,
    wnd[2];
  u16_t tcpchksum;
  u8_t urgp[2];
  u8_t optdata[4];
};

struct icmpip_hdr {
  /* IP header. */
  u8_t vhl,
    tos,
    len[2],
    ipid[2],
    ipoffset[2],
    ttl,
    proto;
  u16_t ipchksum;
  u16_t srcipaddr[2],
    destipaddr[2];
  /* ICMP (echo) header. */
  u8_t type, icode;
  u16_t icmpchksum;
  u16_t id, seqno;
  u8_t payload[1];
};

/*
 * Structure of an internet header, naked of options.
 */
struct ip {
#if _BYTE_ORDER == _LITTLE_ENDIAN
    u_int     ip_hl:4,        /* header length */
          ip_v:4;        /* version */
#endif
#if _BYTE_ORDER == _BIG_ENDIAN
    u_int     ip_v:4,        /* version */
          ip_hl:4;        /* header length */
#endif
    u_int8_t  ip_tos;        /* type of service */
    u_int16_t ip_len;        /* total length */
    u_int16_t ip_id;        /* identification */
    u_int16_t ip_off;        /* fragment offset field */
#define    IP_RF 0x8000            /* reserved fragment flag */
#define    IP_DF 0x4000            /* dont fragment flag */
#define    IP_MF 0x2000            /* more fragments flag */
#define    IP_OFFMASK 0x1fff        /* mask for fragmenting bits */
    u_int8_t  ip_ttl;        /* time to live */
    u_int8_t  ip_p;            /* protocol */
    u_int16_t ip_sum;        /* checksum */
    struct      in_addr ip_src, ip_dst; /* source and dest address */
};

#define    IP_MAXPACKET    65535        /* maximum packet size */

/*
 * Structure of an icmp header.
 */
struct icmp {
    u_int8_t  icmp_type;        /* type of message, see below */
    u_int8_t  icmp_code;        /* type sub code */
    u_int16_t icmp_cksum;        /* ones complement cksum of struct */
    union {
        u_int8_t  ih_pptr;    /* ICMP_PARAMPROB */
        struct ih_exthdr {    /* RFC4884 extended header */
            u_int8_t  iex_pad;
            u_int8_t  iex_length;
        } ih_exthdr;
        struct in_addr ih_gwaddr;    /* ICMP_REDIRECT */
        struct ih_idseq {
              u_int16_t icd_id;
              u_int16_t icd_seq;
        } ih_idseq;
        int32_t   ih_void;

        /* ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG -- Path MTU Discovery (RFC1191) */
        struct ih_pmtu {
              u_int16_t ipm_void;
              u_int16_t ipm_nextmtu;
        } ih_pmtu;

        struct ih_rtradv {
            u_int8_t irt_num_addrs;
            u_int8_t irt_wpa;
            u_int16_t irt_lifetime;
        } ih_rtradv;
    } icmp_hun;
#define    icmp_pptr      icmp_hun.ih_pptr
#define    icmp_length      icmp_hun.ih_exthdr.iex_length
#define    icmp_gwaddr      icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr
#define    icmp_id          icmp_hun.ih_idseq.icd_id
#define    icmp_seq      icmp_hun.ih_idseq.icd_seq
#define    icmp_void      icmp_hun.ih_void
#define    icmp_pmvoid      icmp_hun.ih_pmtu.ipm_void
#define    icmp_nextmtu      icmp_hun.ih_pmtu.ipm_nextmtu
#define    icmp_num_addrs      icmp_hun.ih_rtradv.irt_num_addrs
#define    icmp_wpa      icmp_hun.ih_rtradv.irt_wpa
#define    icmp_lifetime      icmp_hun.ih_rtradv.irt_lifetime
    union {
        struct id_ts {
              u_int32_t its_otime;
              u_int32_t its_rtime;
              u_int32_t its_ttime;
        } id_ts;
        struct id_ip  {
              struct ip idi_ip;
              /* options and then 64 bits of data */
        } id_ip;
        u_int32_t id_mask;
        int8_t      id_data[1];
    } icmp_dun;
#define    icmp_otime      icmp_dun.id_ts.its_otime
#define    icmp_rtime      icmp_dun.id_ts.its_rtime
#define    icmp_ttime      icmp_dun.id_ts.its_ttime
#define    icmp_ip          icmp_dun.id_ip.idi_ip
#define    icmp_mask      icmp_dun.id_mask
#define    icmp_data      icmp_dun.id_data
};
#endif

int send_ping(const char * destination, unsigned short icmp_id, unsigned short icmp_seq_no, unsigned short ttl, ping *p)
{
  int i,sock;
  WSADATA wsa;
  //src and dst
  int nNetTimeout=10000;
  uint32_t nsource = inet_addr("192.168.0.200");
  uint32_t ndestination = inet_addr(destination);

  //round-trip time for one packet in ms
  double rtt;
  struct timespec ping_start, ping_end;

  //for packet
  char *packet,buf[1024];
  struct iphdr * ip_header; 
  struct icmphdr * icmp_header;
  
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsa) != 0)
    {
        printf("%s WSAStartup failed\n",destination);
        return -1;
    }

  srand ( time(NULL) );
  //where do we send (yes, we have to provide dst twice, here and in ip_header)
  struct sockaddr_in dst;
  dst.sin_family = AF_INET;
  dst.sin_addr.s_addr = ndestination;
  //dst.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = ndestination;

  //allocate memory for packet
  packet = malloc(sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct icmphdr));
  ip_header = (struct iphdr *) packet;
  icmp_header = (struct icmphdr *) (packet + sizeof(struct iphdr));

   //ip header configuration, see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791
  //ip_header->ip_v = 4;
  //ip_header->ip_hl = 5; //internet header length in byte
  ip_header->vhl = 0x45;
  ip_header->tos = 0;
  ip_header->len = sizeof(struct iphdr) + sizeof(struct icmphdr); //total length
  //printf("ip_header->len=%d\n",ip_header->len);
  ip_header->ipid = rand();
  ip_header->ipoffset = 0;
  ip_header->ttl = ttl; 
  ip_header->proto = IPPROTO_ICMP;
  ip_header->ipchksum = 0;
  ip_header->srcipaddr = nsource; //we don't need a source address - this is actually set automatically by the socket
  ip_header->destipaddr = ndestination;

  ip_header->ipchksum = in_cksum((unsigned short *) ip_header, sizeof(struct iphdr));

  //set icmp header, see http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc792
  icmp_header->type = ICMP_ECHO; //type 8
  icmp_header->icode = 0; //0 by default
  icmp_header->icmpchksum = 0; //0 for computation
  icmp_header->id = icmp_id; //funcions as "port number"
  icmp_header->seqno = icmp_seq_no; //sequence number
  strcpy(icmp_header->payload,"18659161633");//发送包数据

  icmp_header->icmpchksum = in_cksum((unsigned short *) icmp_header, sizeof(struct icmphdr));
  
  //create socket
  if( (sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) == -1 ) {
    perror("Error opening socket");
    exit(1);
  }

  //do NOT automatically add an IP header; we already defined on
  int is_header_included = 1; //do NOT include header
  setsockopt(sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, &is_header_included, sizeof(int));
  //设置发送超时
    setsockopt(sock,SOL_SOCKET,SO_SNDTIMEO,(char *)&nNetTimeout,sizeof(int));
    //设置接收超时
    setsockopt(sock,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVTIMEO,(char *)&nNetTimeout,sizeof(int));

  //send out
  clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ping_start);
  if( sendto(sock, packet, ip_header->len, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &dst, sizeof(dst)) == -1 ) {
    perror("Sending icmp");
    exit(1);
  }
  //printf("Send complete wait for receive\n");
  //get reply; we write back to packet, so all pointers now point to the reply
  /*if( recv(sock, packet, ip_header->len, 0) == -1 ) {
  //if( recvfrom(sock, (char*) buf, 1024, 0, (struct sockaddr*) &dst,&i) < 0 ) {

    perror("Receiving answer");
    exit(1);
  }
  //packet = buf;*/
  while( recv(sock, packet, ip_header->len, 0) != -1 );
  
  clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ping_end);
  rtt = (ping_end.tv_sec - ping_start.tv_sec) * 1000
    + 
    (ping_end.tv_nsec - ping_start.tv_nsec) / 1E6;

  //struct in_addr saddr = { ip_header->srcipaddr  };
  p->seq_num = icmp_header->seqno;
  p->ttl = ip_header->ttl;
  p->rtt = rtt;
  p->icmp_reply = packet;
  p->tot_len = ntohs(ip_header->len);
  p->saddr = ip4addr_ntoa(&ip_header->srcipaddr);//inet_ntoa(saddr);
  
  //关闭连接
    shutdown(sock,2);
    closesocket(sock);
    WSACleanup();

  return 0;
}

/*
 * in_cksum --
 *    Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version)
 */
int in_cksum(unsigned short *addr, int len)
{
    int nleft = len;
    u_short *w = addr;
    int sum = 0;
    u_short answer = 0;

    /*
     * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add
     * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the
     * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits.
     */
    while (nleft > 1) {
        sum += *w++;
        nleft -= 2;
    }

    /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */
    if (nleft == 1) {
        *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ;
        sum += answer;
    }

    /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */
    sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);    /* add hi 16 to low 16 */
    sum += (sum >> 16);            /* add carry */
    answer = ~sum;                /* truncate to 16 bits */
    return(answer);
}

 

 

 

 

 

 

附件下载地址 tracert