6-12 二叉搜索树的操作集
本题要求实现给定二叉搜索树的5种常用操作。
函数接口定义:
BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ); BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ); Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ); Position FindMin( BinTree BST ); Position FindMax( BinTree BST );
其中BinTree结构定义如下:
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
ElementType Data;
BinTree Left;
BinTree Right;
};
- 函数
Insert将X插入二叉搜索树BST并返回结果树的根结点指针; - 函数
Delete将X从二叉搜索树BST中删除,并返回结果树的根结点指针;如果X不在树中,则打印一行Not Found并返回原树的根结点指针; - 函数
Find在二叉搜索树BST中找到X,返回该结点的指针;如果找不到则返回空指针; - 函数
FindMin返回二叉搜索树BST中最小元结点的指针; - 函数
FindMax返回二叉搜索树BST中最大元结点的指针。
裁判测试程序样例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct TNode *Position;
typedef Position BinTree;
struct TNode{
ElementType Data;
BinTree Left;
BinTree Right;
};
void PreorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 先序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */
void InorderTraversal( BinTree BT ); /* 中序遍历,由裁判实现,细节不表 */
BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X );
Position FindMin( BinTree BST );
Position FindMax( BinTree BST );
int main()
{
BinTree BST, MinP, MaxP, Tmp;
ElementType X;
int N, i;
BST = NULL;
scanf("%d", &N);
for ( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
BST = Insert(BST, X);
}
printf("Preorder:"); PreorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
MinP = FindMin(BST);
MaxP = FindMax(BST);
scanf("%d", &N);
for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
Tmp = Find(BST, X);
if (Tmp == NULL) printf("%d is not found\n", X);
else {
printf("%d is found\n", Tmp->Data);
if (Tmp==MinP) printf("%d is the smallest key\n", Tmp->Data);
if (Tmp==MaxP) printf("%d is the largest key\n", Tmp->Data);
}
}
scanf("%d", &N);
for( i=0; i<N; i++ ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
BST = Delete(BST, X);
}
printf("Inorder:"); InorderTraversal(BST); printf("\n");
return 0;
}
/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */
输入样例:
10 5 8 6 2 4 1 0 10 9 7 5 6 3 10 0 5 5 5 7 0 10 3
输出样例:
Preorder: 5 2 1 0 4 8 6 7 10 9 6 is found 3 is not found 10 is found 10 is the largest key 0 is found 0 is the smallest key 5 is found Not Found Inorder: 1 2 4 6 8 9
插入
错误代码:
BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
if(BST==NULL){
BST=(Position)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode));
BST->Data=X;
BST->Left=NULL;
BST->Right=NULL;
}
if(BST->Data==X){
}
else if(BST->Data>X){
Insert(BST->Left, X);
}
else {
Insert(BST->Right, X);
}
return BST;
}
正确代码
BinTree Insert( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
if(BST==NULL){
BST=(Position)malloc(sizeof(struct TNode));
BST->Data=X;
BST->Left=NULL;
BST->Right=NULL;
}
else{
if(BST->Data==X){
}
else if(BST->Data>X){
BST->Left=Insert(BST->Left, X);
}
else {
BST->Right=Insert(BST->Right, X);
}
}
return BST;
}
查找
错误代码:
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
if(BST==NULL){
return NULL;
}
if(BST->Data==X){
return BST;
}
else if(BST->Data>X){
Find(BST->Left,X);
}
else {
Find(BST->Right,X);
}
return NULL;
}
正确代码:
Position Find( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
if(BST==NULL){
return NULL;
}
if(BST->Data==X){
return BST;
}
else if(BST->Data>X){
return Find(BST->Left,X);
}
else {
return Find(BST->Right,X);
}
return NULL;
}
删除
注意此处是否free空间都可以通过(AC)。
错误代码:
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
if(BST==NULL){
printf("Not Found\n");
}
else{
if(BST->Data==X){
if(BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right==NULL){
Position tmp;
tmp=BST;
BST=NULL;
free(tmp);
}
if((BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right!=NULL)){
Position tmp;
tmp=BST;
BST=BST->Right;
free(tmp);
}
if((BST->Left!=NULL&&BST->Right==NULL)){
Position tmp;
tmp=BST;
BST=BST->Left;
free(tmp);
}
if(BST->Left!=NULL && BST->Right!=NULL){
BinTree tmp=FindMax(BST->Left);
BST->Data=tmp->Data;
BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, tmp->Data);
}
}
else if(BST->Data>X){
BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, X);
}
else {
BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right, X);
}
}
return BST;
}
正确代码:
BinTree Delete( BinTree BST, ElementType X ){
if(BST==NULL){
printf("Not Found\n");
}
else{
if(BST->Data==X){
if(BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right==NULL){
Position tmp;
tmp=BST;
BST=NULL;
free(tmp);
}
else if((BST->Left==NULL&&BST->Right!=NULL)){
Position tmp;
tmp=BST;
BST=BST->Right;
free(tmp);
}
else if((BST->Left!=NULL&&BST->Right==NULL)){
Position tmp;
tmp=BST;
BST=BST->Left;
free(tmp);
}
else if(BST->Left!=NULL && BST->Right!=NULL){
BinTree tmp=FindMax(BST->Left);
BST->Data=tmp->Data;
BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, tmp->Data);
}
}
else if(BST->Data>X){
BST->Left=Delete(BST->Left, X);
}
else {
BST->Right=Delete(BST->Right, X);
}
}
return BST;
}
查找最大和最小:
错误代码:
Position FindMin( BinTree BST ){
while(BST->Left!=NULL){
BST=BST->Left;
}
return BST;
}
Position FindMax( BinTree BST ){
while(BST->Right!=NULL){
BST=BST->Right;
}
return BST;
}
正确代码:
Position FindMin( BinTree BST ){
if(BST==NULL){
return NULL;
}
while(BST->Left!=NULL){
BST=BST->Left;
}
return BST;
}
Position FindMax( BinTree BST ){
if(BST==NULL){
return NULL;
}
while(BST->Right!=NULL){
BST=BST->Right;
}
return BST;
}

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