6-6 带头结点的链式表操作集
本题要求实现带头结点的链式表操作集。
函数接口定义:
List MakeEmpty(); Position Find( List L, ElementType X ); bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P ); bool Delete( List L, Position P );
其中List结构定义如下:
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
ElementType Data;
PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;
各个操作函数的定义为:
List MakeEmpty():创建并返回一个空的线性表;
Position Find( List L, ElementType X ):返回线性表中X的位置。若找不到则返回ERROR;
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P ):将X插入在位置P指向的结点之前,返回true。如果参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Insertion”,返回false;
bool Delete( List L, Position P ):将位置P的元素删除并返回true。若参数P指向非法位置,则打印“Wrong Position for Deletion”并返回false。
裁判测试程序样例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define ERROR NULL
typedef enum {false, true} bool;
typedef int ElementType;
typedef struct LNode *PtrToLNode;
struct LNode {
ElementType Data;
PtrToLNode Next;
};
typedef PtrToLNode Position;
typedef PtrToLNode List;
List MakeEmpty();
Position Find( List L, ElementType X );
bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P );
bool Delete( List L, Position P );
int main()
{
List L;
ElementType X;
Position P;
int N;
bool flag;
L = MakeEmpty();
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
flag = Insert(L, X, L->Next);
if ( flag==false ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
}
scanf("%d", &N);
while ( N-- ) {
scanf("%d", &X);
P = Find(L, X);
if ( P == ERROR )
printf("Finding Error: %d is not in.\n", X);
else {
flag = Delete(L, P);
printf("%d is found and deleted.\n", X);
if ( flag==false )
printf("Wrong Answer.\n");
}
}
flag = Insert(L, X, NULL);
if ( flag==false ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
else
printf("%d is inserted as the last element.\n", X);
P = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode));
flag = Insert(L, X, P);
if ( flag==true ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
flag = Delete(L, P);
if ( flag==true ) printf("Wrong Answer\n");
for ( P=L->Next; P; P = P->Next ) printf("%d ", P->Data);
return 0;
}
/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */
输入样例:
6 12 2 4 87 10 2 4 2 12 87 5
输出样例:
2 is found and deleted. 12 is found and deleted. 87 is found and deleted. Finding Error: 5 is not in. 5 is inserted as the last element. Wrong Position for Insertion Wrong Position for Deletion 10 4 2 5
代码:
Position Find( List L, ElementType X ){ while(L!=NULL){ if(L->Data==X){ return L; }else{ L=L->Next; } } return ERROR; } bool Insert( List L, ElementType X, Position P ){ while(L!=NULL){ if(L->Next==P){ Position p = (Position)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode)); p->Next=L->Next; p->Data=X; L->Next=p; return true; }else{ L=L->Next; } } printf("Wrong Position for Insertion\n"); return false; } bool Delete( List L, Position P ){ while(L!=NULL){ if(L->Next==P){ L->Next=P->Next; return true; }else{ L=L->Next; } } printf("Wrong Position for Deletion\n"); return false; } List MakeEmpty(){ List L=(List)malloc(sizeof(struct LNode)); L->Next=NULL; return L; }
注意:
List L 作为函数的参数传递时,实际上传递的是指向LNode地址的指针,因此在函数中可以对指针所指向的内容作出修改,但无法对指针本身作出修改。若想对指针进行修改,传参时就得使用指针的引用。
与6-5比较,观察带有头结点的链式表的不同之处。

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