Centos7 Python3安装

安装依赖包

使用root权限

yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel
yum install -y libffi-devel zlib1g-dev
yum install zlib* -y

 

下载安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tar.xz
tar -xvJf  Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

 

创建安装目录&安装

mkdir /usr/local/python3
cd Python-3.7.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations --with-ssl 
make && make install

创建软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3

 

检查

source /etc/profile
python3 -V
pip3 -V

更换系统默认版本到python3

备份原系统python2

mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
mv /usr/bin/pip /usr/bin/pip.bak

mkdir /usr/bin/pip

配置环境变量：创建新版本Python和pip的软链接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip

检查

python -V
pip -V

修复yum及其他

因为yum的功能依赖Pyhon2，现在更改默认Python版本后会导致yum无法正常工作，所以进行以下4处修复
把最顶部改成：#！ /usr/bin/python2.7

vim /usr/bin/yum
vim /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
vim /usr/sbin/firewalld
vim /usr/bin/firewall-cmd

 其他操作

pip升级

pip install --upgrade pip

pip安装源更换

cd ~;mkdir .pip;cd .pip;vim pip.conf

#添加以下内容,保存退出.
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple

 

安装PyMySQL

pip install PyMySQL