建立一个最简单的项目，实践cobertura在maven中应用

cobertura是测试java代码中代码覆盖率的自动化工具

我以前未接触过这个东西，以为直接测试就可以了，但经过试验和阅读文档，明白了，必须经过测试，也就是必须配合xUnit测试才能产生出覆盖率结果，否则结果都是零。下面讲解我做的例子:

目录结构:

 src

 ------main

 -------------HelloWorld.java 

 -------------Calculator.java

-------test

--------------CalculatorTest.java

-------pom.xml

//CalculatorTest.java为jUnit框架Calculator.java对应的测试类，HelloWorld.java没有测试类，最后生成结果会发现HelloWorld的覆盖率为0

HelloWorld.java:

 

public class HelloWorld
{
public static void main(String args[ ])
{
System.out.println("HelloWorld!");
}
}

Calculator.java

 

 

package andycpp;
public class Calculator{
    private static int result; // 静态变量，用于存储运行结果
    public void add(int n){
    result = result + n;
    }
    public void substract(int n){
    result = result - 1; //Bug: 正确的应该是 result =result-n
    }
    public void multiply(int n){
    } // 此方法尚未写好
    public void divide(int n){
    result = result / n;
    }
    public void square(int n){
    result = n * n;
    }

    public void squareRoot(int n) {
    for (; ;) ; //Bug : 死循环
    }

    public void clear() { // 将结果清零
    result = 0;
    }
    public int getResult(){
    return result;
    }
}

CalculatorTest.java

 

 

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
    import org.junit.Before;
    import org.junit.Ignore;
    import org.junit.Test;
public class CalculatorTest {
    private static Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
    calculator.clear();
    }
    @Test
    public void testAdd() {
    calculator.add(2);
    calculator.add(3);
    assertEquals(5, calculator.getResult());
    }
    @Test
    public void testSubstract() {
    calculator.add(10);
    calculator.substract(2);
    assertEquals(8, calculator.getResult());
    }
    @Ignore("Multiply() Not yet implemented")
    @Test
    public void testMultiply() {
    }
    @Test
    public void testDivide() {
    calculator.add(8);
    calculator.divide(2);
    assertEquals(4, calculator.getResult());
    }
}

pom.xml:

 

<pre name="code" class="plain"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.xxxcom.helloworld</groupId>
  <artifactId>helloworld</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <url>${HUDSON_URL}</url>

    <build>
        <sourceDirectory>src/main</sourceDirectory>
        <testSourceDirectory>src/test</testSourceDirectory>
        <outputDirectory>target/classes</outputDirectory>
        <testOutputDirectory>target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.12</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.4</version>
                <configuration>
                    <formats>
                        <format>html</format>
                        <format>xml</format>
                    </formats>
                    <check>
                        <branchRate>85</branchRate>
                        <lineRate>85</lineRate>
                        <haltOnFailure>true</haltOnFailure>
                        <totalBranchRate>85</totalBranchRate>
                        <totalLineRate>85</totalLineRate>
                        <packageLineRate>85</packageLineRate>
                        <packageBranchRate>85</packageBranchRate>
                    </check>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-dep</artifactId>
            <version>4.10</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

  <reporting>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
        <artifactId>cobertura-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
        <configuration>
          <formats>
            <format>xml</format>
            <format>html</format>
          </formats>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </reporting>

</project>

说明：

1.

 

<sourceDirectory>src/main</sourceDirectory>
   <testSourceDirectory>src/test</testSourceDirectory>
   <outputDirectory>target/classes</outputDirectory>
   <testOutputDirectory>target/test-classes</testOutputDirectory>

这些定义环境

<pre name="code" class="plain">2. maven-surefire-plugin执行Junit测试

3. cobertura-maven-plugin的check标签网上抄的，没明白什么意思，目前

 

4. <dependencies>中定义了junit

5. <reporting>中指明生成报告的工具cobertura