3. Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters

问题描述:

Given a string, find the length of the longest substringwithout repeating characters.

Example 1:

Input: "abcabcbb"
Output: 3 
Explanation: The answer is "abc", with the length of 3. 

Example 2:

Input: "bbbbb"
Output: 1
Explanation: The answer is "b", with the length of 1.

Example 3:

Input: "pwwkew"
Output: 3
Explanation: The answer is "wke", with the length of 3. 
             Note that the answer must be a substring, "pwke" is a subsequence and not a substring.

 

解题思路:

这道题我首先想到的是使用set来确保char唯一,使用queue来进行字符串的遍历。

当遇见未出现的字符时加入set和queue。

若遇见出现的字符则弹出队首元素并且删除set中的元素直至不出现重复。

时间复杂度为O(n): 数组中的每个元素只进入set和queue一次(如果考虑到set和queue的增删操作可能还要乘个啥)。

空间复杂度为O(n)

 

看了一下最优解,发现别人充分利用字符可以被穷举这一特性进行解答,可以达到时间复杂度O(n), 空间复杂度O(1)。

 

代码:

我的方法:

class Solution {
public:
    int lengthOfLongestSubstring(string s) {
        //store current unrepeated char
        queue<char> char_q;
        //store current chars
        set<char> char_set;
        int ret = 0;
        for(char c : s){
            if(char_set.count(c) != 0){
                ret = max((int)char_q.size(), ret);
                while(char_q.front() != c){
                    char_set.erase(char_q.front());
                    char_q.pop();
                }
                char_set.erase(char_q.front());
                char_q.pop();
            }
            char_q.push(c);
            char_set.insert(c);
        }
        ret = max((int)char_q.size(), ret);
        return ret;
    }
};

 

最优解法:

class Solution {
public:
    int lengthOfLongestSubstring(string s) {
        vector<int> dict(256, -1);
        int maxLen = 0, start = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i != s.length(); i++) {
            if (dict[s[i]] > start)
                start = dict[s[i]];
            dict[s[i]] = i;
            maxLen = max(maxLen, i - start);
        }
        return maxLen;
    }
};

 

posted @ 2019-07-23 12:59  妖域大都督  阅读(548)  评论(0)    收藏  举报