k8s dashboard部署

Kubernetes开发了一个基于Web的Dashboard，用户可以用Dashboard部署容器化的应用、监控应用的状态、执行故障排查任务以及管理Kubernetes各种资源。

在Dashboard中可以查看集群中应用的运行状态，也能够创建和修改各种Kubernetes资源，比如Deployment、Job、DaemonSet等。用户可以Scale Up/Down Deployment、执行 Rolling Update、重启某个Pod或者通过向导部署新的应用。Dashboard能显示集群中各种资源的状态以及日志信息。

可以说，Kubernetes Dashboard提供了kubectl的绝大部分功能。

 

部署步骤：

（1）因为自动生成的证书很多浏览器无法使用，所以不使用默认的Secret kubernetes-dashboard-certs对象声明，改为自己创建证书。

openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048
openssl req -days 36000 -new -out dashboard.csr -key dashboard.key -subj '/CN=kubernetes-dashboard'
openssl x509 -req -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt

生成secret

kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=dashboard.key --from-file=dashboard.crt -n paas

（2）创建以下资源对象

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: paas
 
---
 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: paas
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""
 
---
 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: paas
type: Opaque
 
---
 
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: paas
 
---
 
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: paas
rules:
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]
 
---
 
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
 
---
 
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: paas
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: paas
 
---
 
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: paas
 
---
 
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: paas-dashboard
  name: paas-dashboard
  namespace: paas
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: paas-dashboard
 
---
 
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: paas-kubernetes-dashboard
  name: paas-kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: paas
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: paas-kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: paas-kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.3
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - '--auto-generate-certificates'
            - '—namespace=paas'
            - '--sidecar-host=http://paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper:8000'
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: paas-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
 
---
 
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: paas
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper
 
---
 
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: paas
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: paas-dashboard-metrics-scraper
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.4
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: falseserviceaccoun
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

（3）如果要给予dashboard集群管理权限，还需要创建ServiceAccount：

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: dashboard-admin
  namespace: paas
为此ServiceAccount分配集群管理员权限：
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin-bind-cluster-role
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: dashboard-admin
  namespace: paas

（5）查看并复制用户token：

kubectl -n paas describe secret $(kubectl -n paas get secret | grep dashboard-admin | awk '{print $1}')

（6）访问：https://ip:nodeport，谷歌浏览器不行，但其他浏览器可以，比如Safari，选择Token登录，输入刚才复制的密钥，即可登陆