11.14

实验13：享元模式

本次实验属于模仿型实验，通过本次实验学生将掌握以下内容：

1、理解享元模式的动机，掌握该模式的结构；

2、能够利用享元模式解决实际问题。

 

[实验任务一]：围棋

设计一个围棋软件，在系统中只存在一个白棋对象和一个黑棋对象，但是它们可以在棋盘的不同位置显示多次。

实验要求：

1.提交类图；

2.提交源代码；

3.注意编程规范；

4.要求用简单工厂模式和单例模式实现享元工厂类的设计。

 

 

 

import java.util.*;

 

//坐标类:外部状态类

class Coordinates{

    private int x;

    private int y;

    public Coordinates(int x,int y){

        this.x=x;

        this.y=y;

    }

 

    public int getX() {

        return x;

    }

 

    public void setX(int x) {

        this.x = x;

    }

 

    public int getY() {

        return y;

    }

 

    public void setY(int y) {

        this.y = y;

    }

}

 

 

//围棋棋子类:抽象享元类

abstract class IgoChessman{

    public abstract String getColor();

    public void locate(Coordinates coord){

        System.out.println("棋子颜色:"+this.getColor()+",棋子位置:"+coord.getX()+","+coord.getY());

    }

}

 

//黑色棋子类:具体享元类

class BlackIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{

    public String getColor(){

        return "黑色";

    }

}

 

//白色棋子类:具体享元类

class WhiteIgoChessman extends IgoChessman{

    public String getColor(){

        return "白色";

    }

}

 

//围棋棋子工厂类:享元工厂类

class IgoChessmanFactory{

    private static IgoChessmanFactory instance = new IgoChessmanFactory();

    private static Hashtable hashtable;

 

    private IgoChessmanFactory(){

        hashtable = new Hashtable();

        IgoChessman black,white;

        black = new BlackIgoChessman();

        hashtable.put("b", black);

        white = new WhiteIgoChessman();

        hashtable.put("w",white);

    }

    public static IgoChessmanFactory getInstance(){

        return instance;

    }

    public static IgoChessman getIgoChessman(String color){

        return (IgoChessman) hashtable.get(color);

    }

}

 

public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        IgoChessman black1,black2,black3,white1,white2;

        black1 = IgoChessmanFactory.getIgoChessman("b");

        black2 = IgoChessmanFactory.getIgoChessman("b");

        black3 = IgoChessmanFactory.getIgoChessman("b");

        System.out.println("判断两颗黑棋是否相同:"+(black1==black2));

        white1 = IgoChessmanFactory.getIgoChessman("w");

        white2 = IgoChessmanFactory.getIgoChessman("w");

        System.out.println("判断两颗白棋是否相同:"+(white1==white2));

        black1.locate(new Coordinates(1,2));

        black2.locate(new Coordinates(3,4));

        black3.locate(new Coordinates(1,3));

        white1.locate(new Coordinates(2,4));

        white2.locate(new Coordinates(2,5));

 

    }

}