Python学习笔记: pip install 常见错误汇总

本机环境RHEL8, Python3.9

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pip install: 无法安装最新版本的包

在pypi上查看pkg的页面，因为有些pip包的版本对特定的python版本有要求

pip install error: “Python.h: No such file or directory”

src/kerberos.c:18:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
       #include <Python.h>
                ^~~~~~~~~~
      compilation terminated.

Fix

安装python版本对应的devel包, 比如

$ sudo yum install python38-devel  # for py38
$ sudo dnf install python39-devel  # for py39

pip install error: “ERROR: Can not execute setup.py”

ERROR: Can not execute `setup.py` since setuptools is not available in the build environment.

Fix: pip install -U setuptools

pip install error: No such file or directory: 'curl-config’

self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
        File "/usr/lib64/python3.9/subprocess.py", line 1821, in _execute_child
          raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
      FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'curl-config'

Fix:

dnf what-provides curl-config #输出是libcurl-devel
dnf install libcurl-devel

pip install error: “lber.h: No such file or directory”

Modules/common.h:15:10: fatal error: lber.h: No such file or directory
       #include <lber.h>
                ^~~~~~~~
      compilation terminated.
      error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for python-ldap
Failed to build python-ldap

Fix:

 $ rpm -qa |grep openldap
openldap-clients-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64
openldap-2.4.46-18.el8.x86_64
 $ sudo dnf install openldap-devel

pip install error: “libxml/xmlreader.h: No such file or directory”

ext/ov_xml_reader.c:20:10: fatal error: libxml/xmlreader.h: No such file or directory
       #include <libxml/xmlreader.h>
                ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
      compilation terminated.
      error: command '/usr/bin/gcc' failed with exit code 1
      [end of output]
  
  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.
╰─> ovirt-engine-sdk-python

Fix:

$ sudo dnf install install libxml2-devel