[学习笔记][C++Primer Plus]使用cout格式化输出字符串

cout是比较常用的功能，应该了解它的一些特性。

/********************************************************************

    created:    2006/04/29

    created:    29:4:2006   23:33

    filename:   e:\work\C++\输入输出和文件\CoutFormatSample.cpp

    file path:  e:\work\C++\输入输出和文件

    file base:  CoutFormatSample

    file ext:   cpp

    author:     xuzhong

   

    purpose:   

*********************************************************************/

 

#include "StdAfx.h"

#include ".\coutformatsample.h"

 

using namespace std;

 

// public

CCoutFormatSample::CCoutFormatSample(void)

{

}

 

CCoutFormatSample::~CCoutFormatSample(void)

{

}

 

 

void CCoutFormatSample::Run(void)

{

    this->P_17_3();

    this->P_17_4();

    this->P_17_5();

    this->P_17_6();

    this->P_17_7();

    this->P_17_8();

}

 

 

 

// private

 

// 例子在 P615 。修改显示时使用的计数系统

void CCoutFormatSample::P_17_3(void)

{

    cout << _T(" 17.3 修改显示时使用的计数系统") << endl << endl;

    cout << "Enter an integer : ";

    int n;

    // cin >> n;

    n = 255;

 

    dec(cout);              // cout << dec;

    cout << "dec : " << n << endl;

 

    oct(cout);              // cout << oct;

    cout << "oct : " << n << endl;

 

    hex(cout);              // cout << hex ;

    cout << "hex : " << n << endl;

 

    dec(cout);              // 不要影响其它人

 

    cout << endl << endl;

}

 

 

void CCoutFormatSample::P_17_4(void)

{

    cout << _T(" 17.4 调整字段宽度") << endl << endl;

 

    int w = cout.width(30);

    cout << "default field width = " << w << ":" << endl;

    cout.width(5);

    cout << "N" << ": ";

    cout.width(8);

    cout << "N * N" << ":" << endl;

 

    for(long i=1; i<=100; i*=10)

    {

        cout.width(5);

        cout << i << ": ";

        cout.width(8);

        cout << i * i << ":" << endl;

    }

 

    cout.width();

 

    cout << endl << endl;

}

 

 

// cout.fill的用法

void CCoutFormatSample::P_17_5(void)

{

    cout << _T(" 17.5 填充字符") << endl << endl;

    cout.fill('*');

 

    int w = cout.width(30);

    cout.width(5);

    cout << "N" << ": ";

    cout.width(8);

    cout << "N * N" << ":" << endl;

 

    for(long i=1; i<=100; i*=10)

    {

        cout.width(5);

        cout << i << ": ";

        cout.width(8);

        cout << i * i << ":" << endl;

    }

 

    cout.width();

 

 

    cout << endl << endl;

}

 

 

// cout.precision

void CCoutFormatSample::P_17_6(void)

{

    cout << _T(" 17.6 设置浮点数的显示精度") << endl << endl;

    float f1 = 23.3232;

    float f2 = 1.9 + 8.0 / 9.0;

 

    cout << "f1 = " << f1 << endl;

    cout << "f2 = " << f2 << endl;

 

    // 设置精度为2

    cout.precision(2);

 

    cout << "f1 = " << f1 << endl;

    cout << "f2 = " << f2 << endl;

 

    // 解除设定

    cout.precision();

    cout << endl << endl;

}

 

// cout.setf

void CCoutFormatSample::P_17_7(void)

{

    cout << _T(" 17.7 设置精度为2打印末位的0和小数点") << endl << endl;

    float f1 = 23.3232;

    float f2 = 1.9 + 8.0 / 9.0;

 

    cout << "f1 = " << f1 << endl;

    cout << "f2 = " << f2 << endl;

 

    // 设置精度为2打印末位的0和小数点

    cout.setf(ios_base::showpoint);

 

    cout << "f1 = " << f1 << endl;

    cout << "f2 = " << f2 << endl;

 

    // 解除设定

    cout.setf(ios_base::unitbuf);

    cout << endl << endl;

}

 

 

// cout.setf 高级用法

void CCoutFormatSample::P_17_8()

{

 

    cout << _T(" 17.7 setf 高级用法") << endl << endl;

 

    cout.setf(ios_base::showpos);

    cout << 63 << endl;

    cout.setf(ios_base::uppercase);

    cout << "A string" << endl;

    cout.setf(ios_base::showbase);

    cout << 437 << endl;

    cout.setf(ios_base::boolalpha);

    cout << true << endl;

    cout << false << endl;

 

    cout << endl << endl;

 

}