实验4 类的组合、继承、模板类、标准库
实验任务1
task1_1.cpp
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
// 类A的定义
class A {
public:
A(int x0, int y0);
void display() const;
private:
int x, y;
};
A::A(int x0, int y0): x{x0}, y{y0} {
}
void A::display() const {
cout << x << ", " << y << endl;
}
// 类B的定义
class B {
public:
B(double x0, double y0);
void display() const;
private:
double x, y;
};
B::B(double x0, double y0): x{x0}, y{y0} {
}
void B::display() const {
cout << x << ", " << y << endl;
}
void test() {
cout << "测试类A: " << endl;
A a(3, 4);
a.display();
cout << "\n测试类B: " << endl;
B b(3.2, 5.6);
b.display();
}
int main() {
test();
}
运行结果截图：
task1_2.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;
// 定义类模板
template<typename T>
class X{
public:
X(T x0, T y0);
void display();
private:
T x, y;
};
template<typename T>
X<T>::X(T x0, T y0): x{x0}, y{y0} {
}
template<typename T>
void X<T>::display() {
cout << x << ", " << y << endl;
}
void test() {
cout << "测试1: 类模板X中的抽象类型T用int实例化" << endl;
X<int> x1(3, 4);
x1.display();
cout << endl;
cout << "测试2: 类模板X中的抽象类型T用double实例化" << endl;
X<double> x2(3.2, 5.6);
x2.display();
cout << endl;
cout << "测试3: 类模板X中的抽象类型T用string实例化" << endl;
X<string> x3("hello", "oop");
x3.display();
}
int main() {
test();
}
运行结果截图：
实验任务2
GradeCalc.hpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include <iomanip>
using std::vector;
using std::string;
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
class GradeCalc: public vector<int> {
public:
GradeCalc(const string &cname, int size);
void input(); // 录入成绩
void output() const; // 输出成绩
void sort(bool ascending = false); // 排序 (默认降序)
int min() const; // 返回最低分
int max() const; // 返回最高分
float average() const; // 返回平均分
void info(); // 输出课程成绩信息
private:
void compute(); // 成绩统计
private:
string course_name; // 课程名
int n; // 课程人数
vector<int> counts = vector<int>(5, 0); // 保存各分数段人数（[0, 60), [60, 70), [70, 80), [80, 90), [90, 100]
vector<double> rates = vector<double>(5, 0); // 保存各分数段比例
};
GradeCalc::GradeCalc(const string &cname, int size): course_name{cname}, n{size} {}
void GradeCalc::input() {
int grade;
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
cin >> grade;
this->push_back(grade);
}
}
void GradeCalc::output() const {
for(auto ptr = this->begin(); ptr != this->end(); ++ptr)
cout << *ptr << " ";
cout << endl;
}
void GradeCalc::sort(bool ascending) {
if(ascending)
std::sort(this->begin(), this->end());
else
std::sort(this->begin(), this->end(), std::greater<int>());
}
int GradeCalc::min() const {
return *std::min_element(this->begin(), this->end());
}
int GradeCalc::max() const {
return *std::max_element(this->begin(), this->end());
}
float GradeCalc::average() const {
return std::accumulate(this->begin(), this->end(), 0) * 1.0 / n;
}
void GradeCalc::compute() {
for(int grade: *this) {
if(grade < 60)
counts.at(0)++;
else if(grade >= 60 && grade < 70)
counts.at(1)++;
else if(grade >= 70 && grade < 80)
counts.at(2)++;
else if(grade >= 80 && grade < 90)
counts.at(3)++;
else if(grade >= 90)
counts.at(4)++;
}
for(int i = 0; i < rates.size(); ++i)
rates.at(i) = counts.at(i) * 1.0 / n;
}
void GradeCalc::info() {
cout << "课程名称:\t" << course_name << endl;
cout << "排序后成绩: \t";
sort(); output();
cout << "最高分:\t" << max() << endl;
cout << "最低分:\t" << min() << endl;
cout << "平均分:\t" << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << average() << endl;
compute(); // 统计各分数段人数、比例
vector<string> tmp{"[0, 60) ", "[60, 70)", "[70, 80)","[80, 90)", "[90, 100]"};
for(int i = tmp.size()-1; i >= 0; --i)
cout << tmp[i] << "\t: " << counts[i] << "人\t"
<< std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << rates[i]*100 << "%" << endl;
}
task2.cpp
#include "GradeCalc.hpp"
#include <iomanip>
void test() {
int n;
cout << "输入班级人数: ";
cin >> n;
GradeCalc c1("OOP", n);
cout << "录入成绩: " << endl;;
c1.input();
cout << "输出成绩: " << endl;
c1.output();
cout << string(20, '*') + "课程成绩信息" + string(20, '*') << endl;
c1.info();
}
int main() {
test();
}
运行结果截图：
问题1：成绩存储在基类vector<int>的对象里。派生类方法是通过this指针指向vector<int>对象来访问成绩的。input是通过this指针指向基类vector<int>对象来存入数据的。
问题2：分母的功能是作为除数除以总分获得平均分。有影响，乘以1.0代表这个返回值是float类型，有小数点，能正常获得小数点后的值，如果没有就默认不保留小数点后的值。
问题3：在compute成员函数里没有对无效的数据进行操作处理，有时候输入成绩时会产生错误，导致无效成绩被录入。
实验任务3
代码：
GradeCalc.hpp:
1 #pragma once
2 #include <iostream>
3 #include <vector>
4 #include <string>
5 #include <algorithm>
6 #include <numeric>
7 #include <iomanip>
8
9 using std::vector;
10 using std::string;
11 using std::cin;
12 using std::cout;
13 using std::endl;
14
15 class GradeCalc {
16 public:
17 GradeCalc(const string& cname, int size);
18 void input(); // 录入成绩
19 void output() const; // 输出成绩
20 void sort(bool ascending = false); // 排序 (默认降序)
21 int min() const; // 返回最低分
22 int max() const; // 返回最高分
23 float average() const; // 返回平均分
24 void info(); // 输出课程成绩信息
25
26 private:
27 void compute(); // 成绩统计
28
29 private:
30 string course_name; // 课程名
31 int n; // 课程人数
32 vector<int> grades; // 课程成绩
33 vector<int> counts = vector<int>(5, 0); // 保存各分数段人数（[0, 60), [60, 70), [70, 80), [80, 90), [90, 100]
34 vector<double> rates = vector<double>(5, 0); // 保存各分数段比例
35 };
36
37 GradeCalc::GradeCalc(const string& cname, int size) : course_name{ cname }, n{ size } {}
38
39 void GradeCalc::input() {
40 int grade;
41
42 for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
43 cin >> grade;
44 grades.push_back(grade);
45 }
46 }
47
48 void GradeCalc::output() const {
49 for (int grade : grades)
50 cout << grade << " ";
51 cout << endl;
52 }
53
54 void GradeCalc::sort(bool ascending) {
55 if (ascending)
56 std::sort(grades.begin(), grades.end());
57 else
58 std::sort(grades.begin(), grades.end(), std::greater<int>());
59
60 }
61
62 int GradeCalc::min() const {
63 return *std::min_element(grades.begin(), grades.end());
64 }
65
66 int GradeCalc::max() const {
67 return *std::max_element(grades.begin(), grades.end());
68 }
69
70 float GradeCalc::average() const {
71 return std::accumulate(grades.begin(), grades.end(), 0) * 1.0 / n;
72 }
73
74 void GradeCalc::compute() {
75 for (int grade : grades) {
76 if (grade < 60)
77 counts.at(0)++;
78 else if (grade >= 60 && grade < 70)
79 counts.at(1)++;
80 else if (grade >= 70 && grade < 80)
81 counts.at(2)++;
82 else if (grade >= 80 && grade < 90)
83 counts.at(3)++;
84 else if (grade >= 90)
85 counts.at(4)++;
86 }
87
88 for (int i = 0; i < rates.size(); ++i)
89 rates.at(i) = counts.at(i) * 1.0 / n;
90 }
91
92 void GradeCalc::info() {
93 cout << "课程名称:\t" << course_name << endl;
94 cout << "排序后成绩: \t";
95 sort(); output();
96 cout << "最高分:\t" << max() << endl;
97 cout << "最低分:\t" << min() << endl;
98 cout << "平均分:\t" << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << average() << endl;
99
100 compute(); // 统计各分数段人数、比例
101
102 vector<string> tmp{ "[0, 60) ", "[60, 70)", "[70, 80)","[80, 90)", "[90, 100]" };
103 for (int i = tmp.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i)
104 cout << tmp[i] << "\t: " << counts[i] << "人\t"
105 << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << rates[i] * 100 << "%" << endl;
106 }
task3.cpp:
1 #include"GradeCalc.hpp"
2 #include<iomanip>
3
4 void test() {
5 int n;
6 cout << "输入班级人数：";
7 cin >> n;
8
9 GradeCalc c1("OOP", n);
10
11 cout << "录入成绩：" << endl;
12 c1.input();
13 cout << "输出成绩：" << endl;
14 c1.output();
15
16 cout << string(20, '*') + "课程成绩信息" + string(20, '*') << endl;
17 c1.info();
18 }
19
20 int main() {
21 test();
22 }
运行结果截图：
问题1：成绩存储在对象的元素vector<int>里。通过vector<int>对象的接口访问到的。实验二是指针指向的基类元素vector<int>里的值，实验三是对象的成员vector<int>里的值。
问题2：类可以通过继承可以获得基类的非私有成员函数并作为自己的接口，而类的组合是通过对象的元素，元素在通过其自带的接口来实现操作。
实验任务4
代码
task4_1.cpp:
1 #include<iostream>
2 #include<string>
3 #include<limits>
4
5 using namespace std;
6
7 void test1() {
8 string s1, s2;
9 cin >> s1 >> s2;
10 cout << "s1:" << s1 << endl;
11 cout << "s2:" << s2 << endl;
12 }
13
14 void test2() {
15 string s1, s2;
16 getline(cin, s1);
17 getline(cin, s2);
18 cout << "s1:" << s1 << endl;
19 cout << "s2:" << s2 << endl;
20 }
21
22 void test3() {
23 string s1, s2;
24 getline(cin, s1, ' ');
25 getline(cin, s2);
26 cout << "s1:" << s1 << endl;
27 cout << "s2:" << s2 << endl;
28 }
29
30 int main() {
31 cout << "测试1：使用标准输入流对象cin输入字符串" << endl;
32 test1();
33 cout << endl;
34
35 cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
36
37 cout << "测试2：使用函数getline（）输入字符串" << endl;
38 test2();
39 cout << endl;
40
41 cout << "测试3：使用函数getline（）输入字符串，指定字符串分隔符" << endl;
42 test3();
43 }
运行结果截图：
问题1：这段代码的作用是清除输入缓冲区中所有字符，直到遇到换行符 '\n' 为止。
task4_2.cpp:
1 #include<iostream>
2 #include<string>
3 #include<vector>
4 #include<limits>
5
6 using namespace std;
7
8 void output(const vector<string>& v) {
9 for (auto& s : v)
10 cout << s << endl;
11 }
12
13 void test() {
14 int n;
15 while (cout << "Enter n:", cin >> n) {
16 vector<string>v1;
17
18 for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
19 string s;
20 cin >> s;
21 v1.push_back(s);
22 }
23
24 cout << "output v1:" << endl;
25 output(v1);
26 cout << endl;
27 }
28 }
29
30 int main() {
31 cout << "测试：使用cin多组输入字符串" << endl;
32 test();
33 }
运行结果截图：
task4_3.cpp:
1 #include<iostream>
2 #include<string>
3 #include<vector>
4 #include<limits>
5
6 using namespace std;
7
8 void output(const vector<string>& v) {
9 for (auto& s : v)
10 cout << s << endl;
11 }
12
13 void test() {
14 int n;
15 while (cout << "Enter n:", cin >> n) {
16 cin.ignore(numeric_limits<streamsize>::max(), '\n');
17
18 vector<string>v2;
19
20 for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
21 string s;
22 getline(cin, s);
23 v2.push_back(s);
24 }
25 cout << "output v2:" << endl;
26 output(v2);
27 cout << endl;
28 }
29 }
30
31 int main() {
32 cout << "测试：使用函数getline（）多组输入字符串" << endl;
33 test();
34 }
运行结果截图：
问题2：用途是清除输入缓冲区中所有字符，直到遇到换行符 '\n' 为止。
实验任务5
grm.hpp
#ifndef GRM_HPP
#define GRM_HPP
// 类模板定义
template <typename T>
class GameResourceManager {
private:
T resource; // 私有数据成员，用于存储资源数量，类型为模板参数指定的类型
public:
// 带参数的构造函数，用于初始化当前资源数量
GameResourceManager(T initialResource) : resource(initialResource) {}
// 获取当前的资源数量
T get() const {
return resource;
}
// 更新当前的资源数量（增加、减少），当资源数量减少到<0时，则归0
void update(T change) {
resource += change;
if (resource < 0) {
resource = 0;
}
}
};
#endif
task5.cpp
#include "grm.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
void test1() {
GameResourceManager<float> HP_manager(99.99);
cout << "当前生命值: " << HP_manager.get() << endl;
HP_manager.update(9.99);
cout << "增加9.99生命值后, 当前生命值: " << HP_manager.get() << endl;
HP_manager.update(-999.99);
cout <<"减少999.99生命值后, 当前生命值: " << HP_manager.get() << endl;
}
void test2() {
GameResourceManager<int> Gold_manager(100);
cout << "当前金币数量: " << Gold_manager.get() << endl;
Gold_manager.update(50);
cout << "增加50个金币后, 当前金币数量: " << Gold_manager.get() << endl;
Gold_manager.update(-99);
cout <<"减少99个金币后, 当前金币数量: " << Gold_manager.get() << endl;
}
int main() {
cout << "测试1: 用float类型对类模板GameResourceManager实例化" << endl;
test1();
cout << endl;
cout << "测试2: 用int类型对类模板GameResourceManager实例化" << endl;
test2();
}
运行结果截图：
实验任务6
info.hpp
#ifndef INFO_HPP
#define INFO_HPP
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
class Info {
private:
std::string nickname;
std::string contact;
std::string city;
int n; // 预定参加人数
public:
// 带参数的构造函数，用于初始化预约信息
Info(const std::string& _nickname, const std::string& _contact, const std::string& _city, int _n)
: nickname(_nickname), contact(_contact), city(_city), n(_n) {}
// 显示信息的函数
void display() const {
std::cout << "昵称: " << nickname << std::endl;
std::cout << "联系方式: " << contact << std::endl;
std::cout << "所在城市: " << city << std::endl;
std::cout << "预定参加人数: " << n << std::endl;
}
};
#endif
task6.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include "info.hpp"
using namespace std;
int main() {
const int capacity = 100; // livehouse最多能容纳的听众人数
vector<Info> audience_lst; // 存放线上预约登记的所有听众信息
int total_num = 0; // 当前已预约的总人数
while (true) {
if (total_num >= capacity) {
cout << "已达到场地最大容纳人数，预约结束。" << endl;
break;
}
string nickname, contact, city;
int n;
cout << "请输入昵称: ";
getline(cin, nickname);
cout << "请输入联系方式（可以是邮箱或手机号）: ";
getline(cin, contact);
cout << "请输入所在城市: ";
getline(cin, city);
cout << "请输入预定参加人数: ";
cin >> n;
// 处理超出剩余容量的情况
if (total_num + n > capacity) {
cout << "预定人数超出场地剩余容量，输入q退出预定，输入u更新预定信息: ";
string choice;
cin >> choice;
cin.ignore(); // 清除输入缓冲区的换行符，避免影响后续的getline读取
if (choice == "q") {
continue;
} else if (choice == "u") {
cout << "请重新输入预定参加人数: ";
cin >> n;
cin.ignore();
}
}
Info new_info(nickname, contact, city, n);
audience_lst.push_back(new_info);
total_num += n;
cin.ignore(); // 清除输入缓冲区的换行符，避免影响下一轮循环的输入读取
}
// 打印输出预约参加livehouse的听众信息
cout << "预约参加livehouse的听众信息如下：" << endl;
for (const auto& info : audience_lst) {
info.display();
cout << "---------------------------" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
运行结果截图：
实验任务7
date.h:
1 #pragma once
2 #ifndef DATE H
3 #define DATE H
4 class Date {
5 private:
6 int year;
7 int month;
8 int day;
9 int totalDays;
10 public:
11 Date(int year, int month, int day);
12 int getYear()const { return year; }
13 int getMonth()const { return month; }
14 int getDay()const { return day; }
15 int getMaxDay()const;
16 bool isLeapYear()const {
17 return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
18 }
19 void show()const;
20 int distance(const Date& date)const {
21 return totalDays - date.totalDays;
22 }
23 };
24 #endif// DATE H
date.cpp:
1 #include"date.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3 #include<cstdlib>
4 using namespace std;
5 namespace {
6 const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0,31,59,90,120,151,181,212,243,273,304,334,365 };
7 }
8 Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) :year{ year }, month{ month }, day{ day } {
9 if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
10 cout << "Invalid date:";
11 show();
12 cout << endl;
13 exit(1);
14 }
15 int years = year - 1;
16 totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
17 if (isLeapYear() && month > 2)totalDays++;
18 }
19 int Date::getMaxDay()const {
20 if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
21 return 29;
22 else return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
23 }
24
25 void Date::show()const {
26 cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
27 }
accumulator.h:
1 #pragma once
2 #ifndef ACCUMULATOR H
3 #define ACCUMULATOR H
4 #include"date.h"
5 class Accumulator {
6 private:
7 Date lastDate;
8 double value;
9 double sum;
10 public:
11 Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) :lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {
12 }
13
14 double getSum(const Date& date)const {
15 return sum + value * date.distance(lastDate);
16 }
17
18 void change(const Date& date, double value) {
19 sum = getSum(date);
20 lastDate = date; this->value = value;
21 }
22
23 void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
24 lastDate = date; this->value = value; sum = 0;
25 }
26 };
27 #endif//ACCUMULATOR H
account.h:
1 #pragma once
2 #ifndef ACCOUNT H
3 #define ACCOUNT H
4 #include"date.h"
5 #include"accumulator.h"
6 #include<string>
7 class Account {
8 private:
9 std::string id;
10 double balance;
11 static double total;
12 protected:
13 Account(const Date& date, const std::string& id);
14 void record(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
15 void error(const std::string& msg)const;
16 public:
17 const std::string& getId()const { return id; }
18 double getBalance()const { return balance; }
19 static double getTotal() { return total; }
20
21 void show()const;
22 };
23 class SavingsAccount :public Account {
24 private:
25 Accumulator acc;
26 double rate;
27 public:
28 SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const std::string& id, double rate);
29 double getRate()const { return rate; }
30
31 void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
32 void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
33 void settle(const Date& date);
34 };
35 class CreditAccount :public Account {
36 private:
37 Accumulator acc;
38 double credit;
39 double rate;
40 double fee;
41 double getDebt()const {
42 double balance = getBalance();
43 return (balance < 0 ? balance : 0);
44 }
45 public:
46 CreditAccount(const Date& date, const std::string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee);
47 double getCredit()const { return credit; }
48 double getRate()const { return rate;}
49 double getAvailableCredit()const {
50 if (getBalance() < 0)
51 return credit + getBalance();
52 else
53 return credit;
54 }
55 void deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
56 void withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const std::string& desc);
57 void settle(const Date& date);
58 void show()const;
59 };
60 #endif//ACCOUNT H
account.cpp:
1 #include"account.h"
2 #include<cmath>
3 #include<iostream>
4 using namespace std;
5 double Account::total = 0;
6
7 Account::Account(const Date& date, const string& id) :id{ id }, balance{ 0 } {
8 date.show(); cout << "\t#" << id << "created" << endl;
9 }
10
11
12 void Account::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
13 amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
14 balance += amount;
15 total += amount;
16 date.show();
17 cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
18 }
19
20 void Account::show()const { cout << id << "\tBalance:" << balance; }
21 void Account::error(const string& msg)const {
22 cout << "Error(#" << id << "):" << msg << endl;
23 }
24
25 SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date&date,const string&id,double rate):Account(date,id),rate(rate), acc(date,0){}
26
27 void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
28 record(date, amount, desc);
29 acc.change(date, getBalance());
30 }
31
32 void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
33 if (amount > getBalance()) {
34 error("not enough money");
35 }
36 else {
37 record(date, -amount, desc);
38 acc.change(date, getBalance());
39 }
40 }
41
42 void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
43 double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate / date.distance(Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
44 if (interest != 0)record(date, interest, "interest");
45 acc.reset(date, getBalance());
46 }
47
48 CreditAccount::CreditAccount(const Date&date,const string&id,double credit,double rate,double fee):Account(date,id),credit(credit),rate(rate),fee(fee),acc(date,0){}
49
50 void CreditAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
51 record(date, amount, desc);
52 acc.change(date, getDebt());
53 }
54
55 void CreditAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
56 if (amount - getBalance() > credit) {
57 error("not enough credit");
58 }
59 else {
60 record(date, -amount, desc);
61 acc.change(date, getDebt());
62 }
63 }
64
65 void CreditAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
66 double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate;
67 if (interest != 0)record(date, interest, "interest");
68 if (date.getMonth() == 1)
69 record(date, -fee, "annual fee");
70 acc.reset(date, getDebt());
71 }
72
73 void CreditAccount::show()const {
74 Account::show();
75 cout << "\tAvailable credit:" << getAvailableCredit();
76 }
task7.cpp:
1 #include"account.h"
2 #include<iostream>
3
4 using namespace std;
5
6 int main() {
7 Date date(2008, 11, 1);
8 SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
9 SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
10 CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
11
12 sa1.deposit(Date(2008, 11, 5), 5000, "salary");
13 ca.withdraw(Date(2008, 11, 15), 2000, "buy a cell");
14 sa2.deposit(Date(2008, 11, 25), 10000, "sell stock 0323");
15
16 ca.settle(Date(2008, 12, 1));
17
18 ca.deposit(Date(2008, 12, 1), 2016, "repay the credit");
19 sa1.deposit(Date(2008, 12, 5), 5500, "salary");
20
21 sa1.settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
22 sa2.settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
23 ca.settle(Date(2009, 1, 1));
24
25 cout << endl;
26 sa1.show(); cout << endl;
27 sa2.show(); cout << endl;
28 ca.show(); cout << endl;
29 cout << "Total:" << Account::getTotal() << endl;
30 return 0;
31 }
运行结果：
总结：
运用了类的继承，定义一个基类account,并从基类继承得到了两个派生类SavingAccounts和CreditAccounts。
运用多个函数，增加了代码的功能
不足：有些代码过于繁琐，应做适当改进
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