实验七
任务一
#include<stdio.h> #define N 7 #define M 80 typedef struct { char name[M]; //书名 char author[M]; //作者 }BOOK; int main() { BOOK x[N] = {{"《雕塑家》","斯科特·麦克劳德"}, {"《灯塔》","克里斯多夫·夏布特"}, {"《五号屠杀场》","库尔特·冯内古特"}, {"《出卖月亮的人》","罗伯特·海因莱茵"}, {"《大地之上》","罗欣顿·米斯特里"}, {"《上学记》","何兆武"}, {"《命运》","蔡崇达"} }; int i; FILE *fp; //以写的方式打开文本文件data1.txt fp=fopen("data1.txt","w"); if(fp==NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } //将结构体数组x中的图书信息写到fp指向的文件data1.txt //同时也输出到屏幕上 for(i=0;i<N;++i) { fprintf(fp,"%-20s %-20s\n",x[i].name,x[i].author); printf("%-20s %-20s\n",x[i].name,x[i].author); } fclose(fp); return 0; }
//从文本文件data1.txt中读取图书信息，并打印输出到屏幕 #include<stdio.h> #define N 10 #define M 80 typedef struct { char name[M]; char author[M]; }BOOK; int main() { BOOK x[N]; int i,n; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data1.txt","r"); if(fp == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } i=0; while(!feof(fp)) { fscanf(fp,"%s%s",x[i].name,x[i].author); ++i; } n = i; //将图书信息打印输出到屏幕上 for(i=0;i<n;++i) printf("%d. %-20s%-20s\n",i+1,x[i].name,x[i].author); fclose(fp); return 0; }
任务三
//使用fputs()将字符串写入文本文件 #include<stdio.h> #define N 5 #define M 80 int main() { char songs[N][M]={"Working\'s Blues", "Everything Will Flow", "Streets of London", "Perfect Day", "Philadelphia"}; int i; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data3.txt","w"); if(fp==NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } for(i=0;i<N;++i) { fputs(songs[i],fp); fputs("\n",fp); } fclose(fp); return 0; }
//使用fgets()从文件中读取字符串并在屏幕上显示 #include<stdio.h> #define N 5 #define M 80 int main() { char songs[N][M]; int i; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data3.txt","r"); if(fp==NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } for(i=0;i<N;++i) fgets(songs[i],80,fp); for(i=0;i<N;++i) printf("%d. %s",i+1,songs[i]); fclose(fp); return 0; }
#include<stdio.h> int main() { char ch; FILE *fp; fp = fopen("data3.txt","r"); if(fp==NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } ch = fgetc(fp); while(ch!=EOF) { putchar(ch); ch = fgetc(fp); } fclose(fp); return 0; }
任务四
#include <stdio.h> int main() { char ch; int count=0; FILE *fp; fp=fopen("data4.txt","r"); if(fp==NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); return 1; } while(ch!=EOF) { ch=fgetc(fp); if(ch>=33&&ch<=126) count+=1; } printf("data4.txt中共包含字符数（不计空白符）：%d\n",count); fclose(fp); return 0; }
任务五
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define N 10 typedef struct { long int id; char name[20]; float objective; // 客观题得分 float subjective; // 操作题得分 float sum; //总分 char level[10]; } STU; // 函数声明 void input(STU s[], int n); void output(STU s[], int n); void process(STU s[], int n); int main() { STU stu[N]; printf("从文件读入%d个考生信息: 准考证号，姓名，客观题得分(<=40)，操作题得分(<=60)\n", N); input(stu, N); printf("\n对考生信息进行处理: 计算总分，确定等级\n"); process(stu, N); printf("\n打印考生完整信息, 并保存到文件中"); output(stu, N); return 0; } // 从文本文件examinee.txt读入考生信息:准考证号，姓名，客观题得分，操作题得分 void input(STU s[], int n) { int i; FILE *fin; fin = fopen("examinee.txt", "r"); if (fin == NULL) { printf("fail to open file\n"); exit(0); } while (!feof(fin)) { for (i = 0; i < n; i++) fscanf(fin, "%ld %s %f %f", &s[i].id, s[i].name, &s[i].objective, &s[i].subjective); } fclose(fin); } // 输出考生完整信息: 准考证号，姓名，客观题得分，操作题得分，总分，等级 // 不仅输出到屏幕上，还写到文本文件result.txt中 void output(STU s[], int n) { FILE *fout; int i; // 输出到屏幕 printf("\n"); printf("准考证号\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t等级\n"); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level); // 保存到文件 fout = fopen("result.txt", "w"); if (!fout) { printf("fail to open or create result.txt\n"); exit(0); } fprintf(fout, "准考证号\t\t姓名\t客观题得分\t操作题得分\t总分\t\t等级\n"); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) fprintf(fout, "%ld\t\t%s\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%.2f\t\t%s\n", s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].objective, s[i].subjective, s[i].sum, s[i].level); fclose(fout); } // 对考生信息进行处理：计算总分，排序，确定等级 void process(STU s[], int n) { int i,j,flag; int levelarray[N]; STU tmp[1]; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { s[i].sum=s[i].objective+s[i].subjective; } for(i=0;i<n;i++) { for(j=0;j<n-i-1;j++) { if(s[j].sum<s[j+1].sum) { tmp[0]=s[j]; s[j]=s[j+1]; s[j+1]=tmp[0]; flag=1; } } if(flag=0) break; } for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { if((i+1)<=N*0.1) strcpy(s[i].level,"优秀"); else if((i+1)>N*0.1&&(i+1)<=N*0.5) strcpy(s[i].level,"合格"); else if((i+1)>N*0.5) strcpy(s[i].level,"不合格"); } }
任务六
#include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #define N 80 typedef struct { long id; char name[20]; char cls[30]; } STU; void input(STU s[], int n); void output(STU s[], int n); void process(STU s[], STU t[], int n); int main() { int n; STU s[N],l[N]; input(s,N); srand(time(NULL)); while(1) { printf("请输入要抽取的学生人数："); if(scanf("%d", &n)==EOF) break; process(s,l,n); printf("\n输出结果…\n\n"); output(l,n); } return 0; } //函数部分 void input(STU s[], int n) { int i; FILE *fin; printf("正在尝试从文件读取信息…"); fin = fopen("list.txt", "r"); if (fin == NULL) { printf("文件不存在\n"); exit(0); } while (!feof(fin)) { for (i = 0; i < n; i++) fscanf(fin, "%d %s %s", &s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].cls); } fclose(fin); printf("成功\n\n"); } void output(STU s[], int n) { FILE *fout; int i; time_t timeseed; struct tm *now; char name[N] = {0}; time(×eed); now = localtime(×eed); strftime(name, N, "%Y.%m.%d %H-%M-%S.txt", now); printf("\n"); //printf("%s\n", name); printf("学号\t\t姓名\t\t班级\n"); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%d\t%s\t\t%s\n", s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].cls); printf("\n"); fout = fopen(name, "w"); /*if (!fout) { printf("fail to open or create lucky.txt\n"); exit(0); }*/ fprintf(fout, "学号\t\t姓名\t\t班级\n"); for (i = 0; i < n; i++) fprintf(fout, "%d\t%s\t\t%s\n", s[i].id, s[i].name, s[i].cls); fclose(fout); } void process(STU s[], STU t[], int n) { if (n == 0) { printf("未抽取\n"); exit(0); } int i, k; STU *temp[N]; for(i = 0; i < N; i++) temp[i] = &s[i]; for( i = 0; i < n; ) { k = rand()%N; if(temp[k] != NULL) { t[i++] = s[k]; temp[k] = NULL; } } }
