2.python-练习(if for while语句)

1.在终端中输入整数,打印正数,负数,零

number = int(input("请输入整数"))
if number > 0:
    print("正数")
elif number < 0:
    print("负数")
else:
    print("零")

2.在终端中输入课程阶段数,显示课程名称

"""
     在终端中输入课程阶段数,显示课程名称
     输入：        输出：
      1              Python语言核心编程
      2              Python高级软件技术
      3              Web 全栈
      4             人工智能
"""

stage_number = int(input("请输入阶段:"))
if stage_number == 1:
    print("Python语言核心编程")
elif stage_number == 2:
    print("Python高级软件技术")
elif stage_number == 3:
    print("Web 全栈")
elif stage_number == 4:
    print("人工智能")
else:
    print("暂无对应课程")

3.在终端中录入4个同学身高,打印最高的值

student_height01 = int(input("请输入学生1身高:"))
student_height02 = int(input("请输入学生2身高:"))
student_height03 = int(input("请输入学生3身高:"))
student_height04 = int(input("请输入学生4身高:"))
# 求最大值,最小值都可定义一个中间变量
max_height = student_height01

if max_height < student_height02:
    max_height = student_height02
if max_height < student_height03:
    max_height = student_height03
if max_height < student_height04:
    max_height = student_height04
print("学生的最高身高是:" + str(max_height))

4.根据心理年龄与实际年龄,打印智商等级

"""
    智商IQ = 心理年龄MA 除以 实际年龄CA 乘以 100
    天才：140以上（包含）
    超常：120-139之间（包含）
    聪慧：110-119之间（包含）
    正常：90-109之间（包含）
    迟钝：80-89之间（包含）
    低能：80以下
"""
# 错误示范
# 下列写法漏掉了139~140,119~120,109~110,89~90
MA = int(input("请输入心理年龄:"))
CA = int(input("请输入实际年龄:"))
IQ = MA / CA * 100
if IQ >= 140:
    print("天才")
elif 120 <= IQ < 139:
    print("超常")
elif 110 <= IQ < 119:
    print("聪慧")
elif 90 <= IQ < 109:
    print("正常")
elif 80 <= IQ < 89:
    print("迟钝")
else:
    print("低能")

# 错误示范,过度判断,能正确运行,可读性不好
# 核心if elif 是互斥的
MA = int(input("请输入心理年龄:"))
CA = int(input("请输入实际年龄:"))
IQ = MA / CA * 100
if IQ >= 140:
    print("天才")
elif 120 <= IQ < 140:
    print("超常")
elif 110 <= IQ < 120:
    print("聪慧")
elif 90 <= IQ < 110:
    print("正常")
elif 80 <= IQ < 90:
    print("迟钝")
else:
    print("低能")

# 推荐写法
# 核心if elif 是互斥的
# 参考坐标系y轴
MA = int(input("请输入心理年龄:"))
CA = int(input("请输入实际年龄:"))
IQ = MA / CA * 100
if IQ >= 140:
    print("天才")
elif 120 <= IQ:
    print("超常")
elif 110 <= IQ:
    print("聪慧")
elif 90 <= IQ:
    print("正常")
elif 80 <= IQ:
    print("迟钝")
else:
    print("低能")

5.在终端中输入月份,打印相应的天数.

"""
    1 3 5 7 8 10 12 有 31天
    2 有 29天
    4 6 9 11 有 30天
    超过月份提示月份有误
"""

month = int(input("请输入月份:"))
if 1 <= month < 13:
    if month == 2:
        print(str(month) + "月有29天")
    elif month == 4 or month == 6 or month == 9 or month == 11:
        print(str(month) + "月有30天")
    else:
        print(str(month) + "月有31天")
else:
    print("输入的月份有误")

6.让代码重复执行,按y继续(反之退出)

while True:
    number = int(input("请输入整数:"))
    if number > 0:
        print("正数")
    elif number < 0:
        print("负数")
    else:
        print("零")
    if input("输入y继续") != "y":
        print("已退出")
        break

7.while循环计数

"""
# 在终端中显示0 1 2 3
# 在终端中显示2 3 4 5 6
# 在终端中显示1 3 5 7
# 在终端中显示8 7 6 5 4
# 在终端中显示-1 -2 -3 -4 -5
"""

count = 0
while count < 4:
    print(count)
    count += 1

count = 2
while count < 7:
    print(count)
    count += 1

count = 1
while count < 8:
    print(count)
    count += 2

count = 8
while count > 3:
    print(count)
    count -= 1

count = -1
while count > -6:
    print(count)
    count += -1

8.在终端循环录入5个成绩,打印平均成绩

count = 0
total_score = 0
while count < 5:
    total_score += int(input("请输入学生成绩:"))
    count += 1
print("学生的平均分是:" + str(total_score / count))

9.求纸对折几次能超过珠峰

"""
    一张纸的厚度是0.01毫米
    请计算，对折多少次超过珠穆朗玛峰(8844.43米)
"""

paper_height = 0.01
mount_everest_height = 8844.43 * 1000  # 米转换为毫米
count = 0
while paper_height < mount_everest_height:
    paper_height *= 2
    count += 1
print("纸对折" + str(count) + "次超过珠穆朗玛峰")

10.猜数字

"""
    猜数字
        程序产生1个,1到100之间的随机数。
        让玩家重复猜测,直到猜对为止。
        每次提示：大了、小了、恭喜猜对了,总共猜了多少次。
"""

import random
random_number = random.randint(1, 100)
count = 0
while True:
    number = int(input("请输入猜测的点数"))
    count += 1
    if number > random_number:
        print("猜大了")
    elif number < random_number:
        print("猜小了")
    else:
        print("猜对了")
        break
print("猜测了" + str(count) + "次")

11.终端输入任意整数,求各个位数累加和

number_str = input("请输入整数:")
total_number = 0
for item in number_str:
    total_number += int(item)
print(total_number)

12.for 与 range

"""
    在终端中累加 0 1 2 3
    在终端中累加 2 3 4 5 6
    在终端中累加 1 3 5 7
    在终端中累加 8 7 6 5 4
    在终端中累加 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5
"""

total_number = 0
for number in range(4):
    total_number += number
print(total_number)

total_number = 0
for number in range(2, 7):
    total_number += number
print(total_number)

total_number = 0
for number in range(1, 8, 2):
    total_number += number
print(total_number)

# 在终端中累加 8 7 6 5 4
# 写法1
total_number = 0
for number in range(-8, -3):
    total_number += -number
print(total_number)
# 写法2 推荐
total_number = 0
for number in range(8, 3, -1):
    total_number += number
    print(number)
print(total_number)

# 在终端中累加 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5
# 写法1
total_number = 0
for number in range(1, 6):
    total_number += -number
print(total_number)
# 写法2
total_number = 0
for number in range(-1, -6, -1):
    total_number += number
print(total_number)

13.累加10~60直接,个位不是3\5\8的整数和

"""
    练习：累加10 -- 60之间，个位不是3/5/8的整数和。
    -- 思想1：不是3/5/8则累加
    -- 思想2：是3/5/8跳过否则累加
"""

# 写法1
total_number = 0
for number in range(10,61):
    if number != 3 and number != 5 and number != 8:
        total_number += number
print(total_number)
# 写法2
total_number = 0
for number in range(10,61):
    if number == 3 or number == 5 or number == 8:
        continue
    total_number += number
print(total_number)

14.判断程序运行结果

"""
2. 写出下列程序运行结果:
    (1)
        input_number = 8
        random_number = 8
        if input_number == random_number:
            print("猜对了") # 运行这一行,两变量的值都是8
        else:
            print("猜错了")
    (2)
        num = 12
        if num > 3:
            print("⼤于3") # 因为num大于3,判断条件顺序写反了
        elif num > 5:
            print("⼤于5")
        elif num > 10:
            print("⼤于10")
        elif num > 15:
            print("⼤于15")
"""

15.电梯超载提示

"""
    (1) 电梯设置规定：
            如果承载⼈不超过10⼈，且总重量不超过1000千克，可以正常使⽤，否则提示超载。
        步骤:
            终端中获取人数/总重量
            显示电梯正常运行
                电梯超载
"""

people_number = 0
total_people_weight = 0
while True:
    people_weight = int(input("请输入乘坐电梯人员的体重:"))
    total_people_weight += people_weight
    people_number += 1
    print(people_number, total_people_weight)
    if people_number < 11 and 1000 <= total_people_weight:
        print("电梯正常运行")
    else:
        print("电梯超载")
        break

16.根据年龄,判断人生阶段

"""
    根据年龄，输出对应的人生阶段。
            年龄       ⼈⽣阶段
            0-6 岁      童年
            7-17 岁     少年
            18-40 岁    ⻘年
            41-65 岁    中年
            65 岁之后    ⽼年
        步骤:
            终端中获取年龄
            显示人生阶段
"""

age = int(input("请输入年龄:"))
if age >= 65:
    print("老年")
elif age >= 41:
    print("中年")
elif age >= 18:
    print("青年")
elif age >= 7:
    print("少年")
else:
    print("童年")

17.顾客打折

"""
    如果是vip客户,消费小于等于500,享受85折
                    消费大于500,享受8折
        如果不是vip客户,消费大于等于800,享受9折
                      消费小于800,原价
        在终端中输入账户类型,消费金额,计算折扣.
"""

shopper_type = input("请输入顾客类型:")
shopper_consumption = int(input("请输入顾客消费金额:"))
if shopper_type == "vip":
    if shopper_consumption > 500:
        print(shopper_type + "顾客享受8折打折后应付" + str(shopper_consumption * 0.8))
    else:
        print(shopper_type + "顾客享受8.5折打折后应付" + str(shopper_consumption * 0.85))
else:
    if shopper_consumption >= 800:
        print("不是vip顾客享受9折打折后应付" + str(shopper_consumption * 0.9))
    else:
        print("不是vip顾客不打折应付" + str(shopper_consumption))

18.在终端中录入4个同学体重,打印最轻的值

student_weight01 = int(input("请输入学生体重:"))
student_weight02 = int(input("请输入学生体重:"))
student_weight03 = int(input("请输入学生体重:"))
student_weight04 = int(input("请输入学生体重:"))
min_weight = student_weight01
if min_weight > student_weight02:
    min_weight = student_weight02
if min_weight > student_weight03:
    min_weight = student_weight03
if min_weight > student_weight04:
    min_weight = student_weight04
print(min_weight)

19.赌大小

import random

total_money = 10000
while total_money > 0:
    betting = int(input("少侠请下注:"))
    gambler_point = random.randint(1, 6)  # 赌徒
    makers_point = random.randint(1, 6)  # 庄家
    if betting > total_money:
        print("超出了你的身家，请重新投注。")
        continue
    print("你摇出了" + str(gambler_point) + "点, 庄家摇出了" + str(makers_point) + "点")
    if gambler_point > makers_point:
        total_money += betting
        print("恭喜啦，你赢了，继续赌下去早晚会输光的，身家还剩" + str(total_money))
    elif gambler_point < makers_point:
        total_money -= betting
        print("少侠, 你输了，身家还剩" + str(total_money))
    else:
        print("打平了，少侠，在来一局？")
print("哈哈哈，少侠你已经破产，无资格进行游戏")