Unix(Solaris 10)下oracle10g 安装过程

Check Hardware Requirements

Minimal Memory: 1024 MB

To determine the amount of RAM memory installed on your system, enter the following command.

$ /usr/sbin/prtconf

Minimal Swap Space:

To determine the amount of Swap Space installed on your system, enter the following command.

$ /usr/sbin/swap -s

 Between 1024 MB and 2048 MB 1.5 times the size of RAM

Between 2049 MB and 8192 MB Equal to the size of RAM

 More than 8192 MB 0.75 times the size of RAM

Minimal Disk Space in /tmp: 400 MB

To determine the amount of disk space available in the /tmp directory, enter the following command:

$ df -h /tmp

Check Software Limits

Oracle10 includes native support for files greater than 2 GB. Check your shell to determine whether it will impose a limit.

To check current soft shell limits, enter the following command:

$ ulimit -Sa

To check maximum hard limits, enter the following command:

$ ulimit -Ha

The file (blocks) value should be multiplied by 512 to obtain the maximum file size imposed by the shell. A value of unlimited is the operating system default and is the maximum value of 1 TB.

Setup the Solaris Kernel

In Solaris 10, you are not required to make changes to the /etc/system file to implement the System V TPC. Solaris 10 uses the resource control facility for its implementation.

Parameter	Resource Control	Recommended Value
noexec_user_stack	NA	1
semsys:seminfo_semmni	project.max-sem-ids	100
semsys:seminfo_semmsl	process.max-sem-nsems	256
shmsys:shminfo_shmmax	project.max-shm-memory	4294967295
shmsys:shminfo_shmmni	project.max-shm-ids	100

 

Create Unix Group <dba>

$ groupadd -g 400 dba
$ groupdel dba

Create Unix User <oracle>

$ useradd -u 400 -c "Oracle Owner" -d /export/home/oracle \
  -g "dba" -m -s /bin/ksh oracle

# passwd oracle

Setup ORACLE environment ($HOME/.profile) as follows

# Setup ORACLE environment

     ORACLE_HOME=/export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME

     ORACLE_SID=tais; export ORACLE_SID

     TNS_ADMIN=/home/oracle/config/10.2.0 export TNS_ADMIN

     ORA_NLS10=${ORACLE_HOME}/nls/data; export ORA_NLS10

     CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/jdbc/lib/classes12.zip

     ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

     ORACLE_OWNER=oracle; export ORACLE_OWNER

     NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P1; export NLS_LANG

     LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${ORACLE_HOME}/lib32; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# Set up the search paths

     PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/sfw/sbin

     PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/openwin/bin:/usr/sadm/bin

     PATH=$PATH:/usr/sfw/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/j2se/bin

     PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

  　　　　

su root

In a root terminal,
# chown -R oracle:dba /export/home/oracle/oracle
# chown -R oracle:dba /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_2/oradata
# chmod -R 775 /export/home/oracle/oracle
# chmod -R 775 /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_2/oradata

chown这个很重要，写不对的话……即便安装完成了，你的数据库也无法启动，因为刚才所建立的名字为oracle的帐户无权对相关目录进行操作。（根据情况，也可以在安装完oracle数据库后再做此操作）

Installation

unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip -d /export/home/Desktop

# cd /database
# ./runInstaller

Installation Steps
1. Select "Advanced Installation" and click Next.
2. Leave "Inventory directory path" and "group name" as it is and click
Next.
3. Leave "Enterprise Edition" selected and click Next.
4. Verify that the following information is true:
Name: OraDb10g_home1
Path: Installation Steps
1. Select "Advanced Installation" and click Next.
2. Leave "Inventory directory path" and "group name" as it is and click
Next.
3. Leave "Enterprise Edition" selected and click Next.
4. Verify that the following information is true:
Name: OraDb10g_home1
Path: /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Be careful that it is not /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
5. It will check the prerequisites. Do not start if there are any errors and be
careful about memory and environment variable warnings.
6
6. Leave "Create a database" selected and click Next.
7. Select Advanced and click Next.
8. Click Install and it will install the database system. Then DBCA starts
automatically, conguring the components you installed so far.
9. Select General Purpose and click Next.
10. Set orcl for Database Name and SID and click Next.
11. Leave "Congure the Database with Enterprise" checkbox selected and
click Next.
12. Assisgn a common password for SYS account, such as "oracle" and click
next.
13. Select Filesystem and click Next.
14. Select "Oracle-Managed Files" and click Next.
15. Leave recovery area as it is and click Next.
16. If you face a "Database Content" dialog, click Next with no additional
setting.
17. Set Use Unicode (AL32UTF8) as Database Character set and UTF16 as
National Character Set on the "Character Sets" tab./oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
Be careful that it is not /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
5. It will check the prerequisites. Do not start if there are any errors and be
careful about memory and environment variable warnings.
6
6. Leave "Create a database" selected and click Next.
7. Select Advanced and click Next.
8. Click Install and it will install the database system. Then DBCA starts
automatically, conguring the components you installed so far.
9. Select General Purpose and click Next.
10. Set orcl for Database Name and SID and click Next.
11. Leave "Congure the Database with Enterprise" checkbox selected and
click Next.
12. Assisgn a common password for SYS account, such as "oracle" and click
next.
13. Select Filesystem and click Next.
14. Select "Oracle-Managed Files" and click Next.
15. Leave recovery area as it is and click Next.
16. If you face a "Database Content" dialog, click Next with no additional
setting.
17. Set Use Unicode (AL32UTF8) as Database Character set and UTF16 as
National Character Set on the "Character Sets" tab.

18. Click Next and OK until you get a conrmation to create the database.
19. Close the information after the database is created. Click Exit.
20. The "Conguration assistant"s will start the components you installed
earlier.
21. You will face a dialog which wants you to execute two sh scripts. Open a
new terminal (as root) and run those scripts:
sh /export/home/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
sh /export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/root.sh
22. Click OK after you run the scripts.
23. Click Exit.

Starting the services
Now, the Oracle instance should be installed and working. Let's check it:
su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba

If it says "Connected to an idle instance", it means that the instance is not
started. Do the following:
lsnrct start
emctl start dbconsole
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup (in sqlplus session)

Starting Oracle Instance up on System Startup

Open a text editor (as root) and put the content below in it, saving the file as

/etc/init.d/dbora :

#!/bin/sh

# chkconfig: 345 99 10

# description: Oracle auto start-stop script.

#

# Set ORA_HOME to be equivalent to the $ORACLE_HOME

# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut; 

# Set ORA_OWNER to the user id of the owner of the

# Oracle database in ORA_HOME.

ORA_HOME/export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

ORA_OWNER=oracle

if [ ! -f $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart ]

then

echo "Oracle startup: cannot start"

exit

fi

case "$1" in

'start')

# Start the Oracle databases:

# The following command assumes that the oracle login

# will not prompt the user for any values

su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"

su - $ORA_OWNER -c $ORA_HOME/bin/dbstart

su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

;;

'stop')

# Stop the Oracle databases:

# The following command assumes that the oracle login

# will not prompt the user for any values

su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole"

su - $ORA_OWNER -c $ORA_HOME/bin/dbshut

su - $ORA_OWNER -c "$ORA_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"

;;

esac 

Flagging the orcl instance to be started

Edit the /var/opt/oracle/oratab file to verify that the entry for your database is correct. 

Lines starting with a pound sign are considered comments and are ignored. Each non-comment line contains the name of one Oracle 

instance, its Oracle home, and a Y or N. A Y indicates that the database should be started automatically on server reboot, 

and an N indicates that it should not. The three fields should be separated by colons. 

A sample /var/opt/oracle/oratab file looks like this:

 #
      # /var/opt/oracle/oratab
      # ======================
      #
  dev101ee:/export/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1:Y

2）Then, open a root terminal and give the _le executable rights:

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/dbora

3）After creating the dbora file, you need to link it to /etc/rc2.d and /etc/rc0.d:

 ln -s /etc/init.d/dbora /etc/rc2.d/S99dbora

 ln -s /etc/init.d/dbora /etc/rc0.d/K10dbora