python+selenium基础语法

一、执行环境

Python 3.12.0     selenium 3.14.0

二、八大元素定位

//示例：打开百度，输入123，点击搜索
from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

def test():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome("D:/driver/chromedriver.exe")
    driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
    sleep(3)
    # driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('selenium')
    driver.find_element(By.ID,"kw").send_keys("123")
    driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
    sleep(8)
    driver.quit()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    test();

三、WebDriver 属性及方法

from selenium import webdriver
from time import sleep
class TestCase(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'D:/driver/chromedriver.exe')
        self.driver.get('http://www.baidu.com')
        self.driver.maximize_window()
    def test_stats(self):
        print(self.driver.name) #浏览器名称
        print(self.driver.current_url) #url
        print(self.driver.title) #title
        print(self.driver.window_handles) #句柄
        print(self.driver.page_source) #页面源码
        self.driver.quit()
    def test_method(self):
        self.driver.find_element_by_id('kw').send_keys('selenium')
        self.driver.find_element_by_id('su').click()
        sleep(2)
        # 回退
        self.driver.back()
        sleep(2)
        # 刷新
        self.driver.refresh()
        sleep(2)
        # 前进
        self.driver.forward()
        sleep(2)
        # 只关闭当前tab
        self.driver.close()
        # 关闭浏览器
        self.driver.quit()
    def test_handles(self):
        self.driver.find_element_by_link_text('新闻').click()
        # 获取全部句柄
        handles = self.driver.window_handles
        # 切换到第一个句柄
        self.driver.switch_to.window(handles[0])
        sleep(2)
        # 切换到第2个句柄
        self.driver.switch_to.window(handles[1])
        sleep(2)
        self.driver.quit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    case = TestCase()
    case.test_handles()

四、WebElement 常用属性

from selenium import webdriver
class TestCase(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'D:/driver/chromedriver.exe')
        self.driver.get('https://sahitest.com/demo/linkTest.htm')
    def test_method(self):
        e = self.driver.find_element_by_id('t1')
        # <class 'selenium.webdriver.remote.webelement.WebElement'>
        print(type(e))
        # id 标识 F8BF2C6D76B729DAC7E250BF562EB47C_element_15
        print(e.id)
        # 宽高  {'height': 21, 'width': 737}
        print(e.size)
        # 宽高和坐标 {'height': 21, 'width': 737, 'x': 8, 'y': 542.90625}
        print(e.rect)
        # 标签名称  input
        print(e.tag_name)
        # 文本内容
        print(e.text)
        self.driver.quit();

if __name__ == '__main__':
    case = TestCase()
    case.test_method()

五、WebElement 常用方法

    def test_method2(self):
        e = self.driver.find_element_by_id('t1')
        e.send_keys('test send_keys')
        print(e.get_attribute('type')) #text
        print(e.get_attribute('name'))
        print(e.get_attribute('value')) #test send_keys
        print(e.value_of_css_property('font')) #13.3333px Arial
        print(e.value_of_css_property('color')) #rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)
        e.clear()
        self.driver.quit();