JavaGUI编程学习笔记（202109.28~10.10）

GUI编程

零、组件

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标
键盘事件

一、简介

GUI核心技术：Swing、AWT，不流行、界面不美观

不美观
要环境

为什么要学？

可以写自己的小工具
工作可能需要维护这个Swing
了解MVC架构，了解监听！（重点）

二、AWT

1. AWT介绍

包含了很多类和接口！GUI：图形用户界面编程
元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

Eclipse：JAVA写的

2. 组件和容器

2.1 Frame

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI的第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame
        Frame f1 = new Frame("我的第一个Java图形界面");

        //需要设置可见性
        f1.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        f1.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色
        f1.setBackground(new Color(45, 62, 168));

        //弹出的初始位置
        f1.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        f1.setResizable(false);
    }
}

问题：无法关闭窗口

回顾并且尝试封装

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(400, 400, 200, 200, Color.BLUE);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(400, 600, 200, 200, Color.RED);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(600, 400, 200, 200, Color.MAGENTA);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(600, 600, 200, 200, Color.green);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int id = 0;
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){

        super("MyFrame"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setResizable(false);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

运行结果：

2.2 面板Panel

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//Panel是一个空间，它不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(400,400,400,400);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(38, 70, 129));

        //设置panel坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,300,300);
        panel.setBackground(Color.green);

        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听关闭窗口事件
        //适配器模式：需要什么用什么，不用全部写
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {//需要什么new什么
            //窗口关闭时要做的事情
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {/
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });


    }
}

3. 布局管理器

流式布局
东南西北中
表格布局
设置流式布局：

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("流式布局");
        frame.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        //frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
        frame.add(new Button("btn1"));
        frame.add(new Button("btn2"));
        frame.add(new Button("btn3"));

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

设置东南西北中

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame testBorderLayout = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
        testBorderLayout.setBounds(400,400,400,400);
        testBorderLayout.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        testBorderLayout.add(new Button("west"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        testBorderLayout.add(new Button("east"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        testBorderLayout.add(new Button("south"),BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        testBorderLayout.add(new Button("north"),BorderLayout.NORTH);
        testBorderLayout.add(new Button("center"),BorderLayout.CENTER);

        testBorderLayout.setVisible(true);

    }
}

设置表格布局Grid

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");
        frame.setBounds(400,400,400,400);
        GridLayout gridLayout = new GridLayout(3,2);
        frame.setLayout(gridLayout);
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
        frame.pack();//自动填充

        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

作业：

参考答案：

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestLayoutWork {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestLayoutWork");
        frame.setBounds(400,400,400,400);

        BorderLayout borderLayout = new BorderLayout();
        frame.setLayout(borderLayout);
        //左
        Panel lpanel = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        lpanel.add(new Button("btn1"));
        lpanel.add(new Button("btn2"));
        frame.add(lpanel,BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中
        Panel cpanel = new Panel(new GridLayout(4,1));//四行一列
        cpanel.add(new Button("btn1"));//第一行
        cpanel.add(new Button("btn2"));//第二行

        Panel c1 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 2));//第三行是一行两列
        c1.add(new Button("btn1"));
        c1.add(new Button("btn2"));
        cpanel.add(c1);//第三行
        
        Panel c2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 2));//第四行是一行两列
        c2.add(new Button("btn3"));
        c2.add(new Button("btn4"));
        cpanel.add(c2);//第四行
        frame.add(cpanel,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //右
        Panel rpanel = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        rpanel.add(new Button("btn3"));
        rpanel.add(new Button("btn4"));
        frame.add(rpanel,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

总结：

Frame是顶级窗口。
Panel无法单独显示
布局管理器
1. 流式布局
2. 方位布局
3. 栅格（表格）布局

4. 事件监听

事件监听：发生某些事的时候做什么？

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestActionEvent");
        Button button = new Button("btn1");
        button.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());//按钮加入监听
        frame.add(button);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {//监听类需要实现ActionListener

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//监听事件
        System.out.println(123);
    }
}

ActionEvent e能获得什么？

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        Button btn1 = new Button("开始");
        btn1.setActionCommand("开始按钮");
        btn1.addActionListener(new MyMonitor());
        Button btn2 = new Button("停止");
        btn2.setActionCommand("停止按钮");
        btn2.addActionListener(new MyMonitor());
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}
class MyMonitor implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

5. 输入框

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame();//启动
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame {
    public MyFrame() throws HeadlessException {
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        MyActionListener1 actionListener1 = new MyActionListener1();
        textField.addActionListener(actionListener1);
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        add(textField);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });


        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}

class MyActionListener1 implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField textField = (TextField) e.getSource();
        System.out.println(textField.getText());
        textField.setText("");
    }
}

6. 简易计算器+组合、内部类回顾

oop原则：组合大于继承！

class A extends B{//继承
    
}
class A{
    public B b;//组合，不会产生很大的耦合性
}

简易计算器：

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCal {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyCal();
    }
}

//计算器
class MyCal extends Frame{
    public MyCal(){
        //文本框
        TextField tf1 = new TextField(10);
        TextField tf2 = new TextField(10);
        TextField tf3 = new TextField(13);
        //标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalActionListener(tf1,tf2,tf3));

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(tf1);
        add(label);
        add(tf2);
        add(button);
        add(tf3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);


    }

}

//监听器
class MyCalActionListener implements ActionListener{
    private TextField tf1,tf2,tf3;

    public MyCalActionListener(TextField tf1,TextField tf2,TextField tf3) {
        this.tf1 = tf1;
        this.tf2 = tf2;
        this.tf3 = tf3;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(tf1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(tf2.getText());

        tf3.setText(""+(n1 + n2));
        tf1.setText("");
        tf2.setText("");

    }
}

优化：（完全改造为面向对象）使用组合

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCal {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyCal().LoadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器
class MyCal extends Frame{
    //属性
    TextField t1,t2,t3;
    
    //方法
    public void LoadFrame(){
        t1 = new TextField(10);
        t2 = new TextField(10);
        t3 = new TextField(10);
        Label label = new Label("+");
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalActionListener(this));

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(t1);
        add(label);
        add(t2);
        add(button);
        add(t3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    
}

//监听器
class MyCalActionListener implements ActionListener{
    private MyCal cal = null;

    public MyCalActionListener(MyCal cal) {
        this.cal = cal;
    }

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(cal.t1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(cal.t2.getText());

        cal.t3.setText(""+(n1 + n2));
        cal.t1.setText("");
        cal.t2.setText("");

    }
}

优化：内部类（更好的包装）

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson02;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestCal {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyCal().LoadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器
class MyCal extends Frame{
    //属性
    TextField t1,t2,t3;

    //方法
    public void LoadFrame(){
        t1 = new TextField(10);
        t2 = new TextField(10);
        t3 = new TextField(10);
        Label label = new Label("+");
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalActionListener());

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(t1);
        add(label);
        add(t2);
        add(button);
        add(t3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }

    //监听器
    //内部类的好处就是能直接访问外部类的成员和方法，降低编码成本
    class MyCalActionListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(t1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(t2.getText());

            t3.setText(""+(n1 + n2));
            t1.setText("");
            t2.setText("");

        }
    }

}

7. 画笔paint

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().LoadFrame();
    }
}

class MyPaint extends Frame {


    public void LoadFrame() {
        setBounds(200,200,800,600);
        setVisible(true);

    }

    //画笔是一个可以重写在Frame类内的方法
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {//g:图，在图上作画
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.setColor(Color.RED);
        g.fillOval(150,200,200,200);
        //习惯：还原成画笔最初的颜色：黑
        g.setColor(Color.black);

    }
}

8. 鼠标监听

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestMouse01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPoint().LoadFrame();
    }
}

//自己的类
class MyPoint extends Frame{
    private ArrayList points;


    public void LoadFrame() {
        points = new ArrayList();
        setBounds(200,200,600,600);
        setVisible(true);
        addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());
    }

    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while(iterator.hasNext()){
            Point p = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.cyan);
            g.fillOval(p.x,p.y,10,10);
        }

    }

    //鼠标监听器
    class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter {

        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            Point point = new Point(e.getX(), e.getY());
            points.add(point);
            repaint();
        }
    }
}

9. 窗口监听

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindows {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyWindowsFrame().LoadFrame();
    }
}

class MyWindowsFrame extends Frame {
    public void LoadFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.cyan);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setVisible(true);

        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {//点击左上角关闭的监听事件
                System.out.println("关闭中");
                System.exit(0);
            }

            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {//当窗口回到焦点状态时的事件
                System.out.println("被激活");;
            }
        });
    }
}

10. 键盘监听

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson03;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame().LoadFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame {

    public void LoadFrame() {
        setBounds(100,100,600,400);
        addKeyListener(new MyKeyListener());
        setVisible(true);
    }

    class MyKeyListener extends KeyAdapter {
        @Override
        public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
            int k = e.getKeyCode();
            System.out.println(k);
            if(k== KeyEvent.VK_W){
                System.out.println("往上走");
            }
            if(k== KeyEvent.VK_S){
                System.out.println("往下走");
            }
            if(k== KeyEvent.VK_A){
                System.out.println("往左走");
            }
            if(k== KeyEvent.VK_D){
                System.out.println("往右走");
            }

        }
    }
}

三、Swing

1. 窗口、面板

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame");//顶级窗口
        jf.setBounds(100,100,600,400);
        JLabel lable = new JLabel("这里是JLable");//标签
        lable.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//设置标签剧中
        jf.add(lable);
        jf.setVisible(true);
        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//设置关闭事件
        Container contentPane = jf.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.cyan);//在顶级窗口下获得顶级窗口容器，改变容器的颜色，而不能直接设置颜色

    }
}

2. 弹窗

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class JDialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(100,100,600,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setLayout(null);//设置绝对布局
        
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹窗");
        button.setBounds(100,100,200,100);//在绝对布局中设置按钮的相对位置
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//按钮加入监听
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                new MyDialog();//点击按钮则弹窗
            }
        });
        add(button);
        this.setVisible(true);

    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JDialogDemo().init();//启动

    }

    class MyDialog extends JDialog{//弹窗类
        public MyDialog() {//弹窗初始化
            this.setBounds(200,200,100,100);
            //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);多余的，不需要也能关
            this.setVisible(true);
            JLabel label = new JLabel("这是一个弹窗");
            add(label);
        }
    }
}

3. 标签

图片标签：

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class IconDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo();
    }

    public IconDemo(){
        JLabel label = new JLabel("这是图片");
        URL url = IconDemo.class.getResource("pic.jpg");//获取图片路径

        label.setIcon(new ImageIcon(url));//图标是标签的子类，放置在lable中
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(label);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

目录结构：

4. 面板

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }

    public JPanelDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//两行一列，间距10

        Panel panel = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 1, 1, 1));
        Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 2, 1, 1));
        Panel panel3 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2, 2, 1, 1));
        Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(1, 1, 1, 1));
        panel.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel.add(new JButton("1"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        panel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        contentPane.add(panel);
        contentPane.add(panel2);
        contentPane.add(panel3);
        contentPane.add(panel4);


        setSize(500,500);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

JScrollPanel：滚动条

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }

    public JScrollDemo(){
        //获取容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(30, 30);

        //面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);

        //组合起来
        contentPane.add(scrollPane);


        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

5. 按钮

单选按钮

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }

    public JButtonDemo02(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("/pic.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        JRadioButton btn1 = new JRadioButton("btn1");
        JRadioButton btn2 = new JRadioButton("btn2");
        JRadioButton btn3 = new JRadioButton("btn3");

        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();//要分组，单选按钮的唯一性只在组内体现
        buttonGroup.add(btn1);
        buttonGroup.add(btn2);
        buttonGroup.add(btn3);
        
        contentPane.add(btn1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(btn2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(btn3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

多选按钮

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }

    public JButtonDemo03(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        URL resource = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("/pic.jpg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        JCheckBox box1 = new JCheckBox("box1");
        JCheckBox box2 = new JCheckBox("box2");
        JCheckBox box3 = new JCheckBox("box3");



        contentPane.add(box1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        contentPane.add(box2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(box3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

6. 列表

下拉框

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class TestComboDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboDemo();
    }

    public TestComboDemo(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();


        JComboBox comboBox = new JComboBox();
        comboBox.addItem(null);
        comboBox.addItem("正在热映");
        comboBox.addItem("下架节目");
        comboBox.addItem("预告节目");

        contentPane.add(comboBox,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

列表框

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class TestComboDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboDemo02();
    }

    public TestComboDemo02(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        String[] strs = {"1","2","3"};
        JList jList = new JList(strs);

        contentPane.add(jList,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

应用场景：
- 选择地区或者单个选项
- 列表：展示信息，一般动态扩容

7. 文本框

文本框

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class TestTextDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo();
    }

    public TestTextDemo(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea("TextArea");
        JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("JTextField");


        contentPane.add(textArea,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        contentPane.add(jTextField,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

密码框

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson06;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }

    public TestTextDemo01(){
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('-');


        contentPane.add(jPasswordField,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
}

文本域

package com.xiaowei9s.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }

    public JScrollDemo(){
        //获取容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(30, 30);

        //面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);

        //组合起来
        contentPane.add(scrollPane);


        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,100,100);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

四、贪吃蛇

帧：一秒三十帧的意思就是一秒播放三十张画，就能形成动画

键盘监听

定时器Timer

程序入口：

package com.xiaowei9s.snake;

import javax.swing.*;

public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("贪吃蛇");

        frame.setBounds(500,200,925,750);
        frame.setResizable(false);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.add(new GamePanel());
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

图片素材：

package com.xiaowei9s.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class Data {
    private static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);

    private static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    private static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    private static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    private static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);

    private static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);

    private static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}

游戏逻辑：

package com.xiaowei9s.snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Random;

public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {

    //定义蛇的数据结构
    public static ArrayList<Point> snake =null;//蛇身体
    public String fx;//蛇头方向
    public Timer timer = new Timer(100,this);//刷新计时器，监听这个类的发生事件
    public Point food = new Point(0,0);//食物
    public boolean isDefault ;//是否失败
    public int scout;//分数
    //游戏是否开始状态:
    public  boolean isStart = false;


    public GamePanel(){
        init();
    }

    private void init() {
        snake = new ArrayList();
        fx="R";//蛇头向右
        isDefault = false;
        scout = 0;
        food = new Point(0,0);
        snake.add(new Point(100,100));
        snake.add(new Point(75,100));
        snake.add(new Point(50,100));//初始化数据
        this.setFocusable(true);
        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {//键盘监听
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                super.keyPressed(e);
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                switch (keyCode){
                    case KeyEvent.VK_A://左
                        fx = "L";
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_D://右
                        fx = "R";
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_W://上
                        fx = "U";
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_S://下
                        fx = "D";
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_R://从新来
                        init();
                        break;
                    case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE://空格暂停
                        isStart = !isStart;
                        repaint();
                        break;
                }
                if(isStart) {
                    repaint();//开始游戏就开始刷新画布
                }
            }
        });
        getFood();//获得食物
        timer.start();//频率刷新开始
    }

    private void getFood() {//食物逻辑
        Random random = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
        int xr = random.nextInt(33);//850*600
        int yr = random.nextInt(23);//850*600
        int x = 850-(25*xr);
        int y = 600-(25*yr)+50;
        food.x = x;
        food.y = y;

    }
    

    //绘制面板，游戏中所有东西都使用这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);//背景
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,10);//画标题
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//画游戏面板
        if(!isStart){                               //尚未开始时的逻辑
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏！",300,300);
        }
        //积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,20));
        g.drawString("分数："+scout,750,50);
        g.setColor(Color.black);

        //画蛇
        Iterator iterator = snake.iterator();
        int count = 0;
        while(iterator.hasNext()){//循环把列表里的点都画出来
            Point next = (Point) iterator.next();
            if(count==0){//第一个是头
                switch (fx){//判断头的方向，使用不同的素材
                    case "R":
                        Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,next.x,next.y);
                        break;
                    case "L":
                        Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,next.x,next.y);
                        break;
                    case "U":
                        Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,next.x,next.y);
                        break;
                    case "D":
                        Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,next.x,next.y);
                        break;
                }
                count++;
                continue;
            }
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,next.x,next.y);//其他都是身子
            count++;
        }

        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this , g , food.x, food.y);

        if (isDefault){//失败逻辑
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,100));
            g.drawString("菜！!",350,350);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,50));
            g.drawString("分数："+scout,450,450);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,50));
            g.drawString("摁R重新开始",450,550);
        }

    }

    //事件监听器，每次计时器的出发监听器就是这个
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if(isStart){
            Point p = snake.get(0);
            Point pre = new Point(p.x,p.y);
            //头的移动逻辑，根据方向判断
            switch (fx){
                case "U":
                    p.y -= 25;
                    if(p.y < 75){
                        p.y = 625;
                    }
                    break;
                case "D":
                    p.y += 25;
                    if(p.y > 650){
                        p.y = 100;
                    }
                    break;
                case "R":
                    p.x += 25;
                    if(p.x > 875){
                        p.x = 25;
                    }
                    break;
                case "L":
                    p.x -= 25;
                    if(p.x<25){
                        p.x = 850;
                    }
                    break;
            }
            Iterator<Point> iterator = snake.iterator();
            iterator.next();
            Point temp = new Point(0, 0);//临时使用点
            Point old = new Point(0, 0);//获得最后一个身体的位置，以防迟到了食物需要加上
            while(iterator.hasNext()){
                Point now = iterator.next();
                temp.x = now.x;
                temp.y = now.y;
                now.x = pre.x;
                now.y = pre.y;
                pre.x = temp.x;
                pre.y = temp.y;
                old.x = now.x;
                old.y = now.y;
            }
            Iterator<Point> iterator1 = snake.iterator();
            int count = 0;
            for (Point point : snake) {//查询是否碰到自己了
                if(point.equals(snake.get(0))&&count!=0){//触碰逻辑
                    isDefault = true;
                    timer.stop();
                    repaint();
                    return;
                }
                count++;
            }

            if (snake.get(0).equals(food)){     //吃到了食物
                scout+=2;
                snake.add(old);
                getFood();
            }

            repaint();//每次出发重画画布
        }
        timer.start();
    }
}

项目结构：

素材：https://www.52pojie.cn/thread-1319910-1-1.html

知识来源 kuangstudy.com

posted @ 2021-10-10 18:57 小阴辨阅读(49) 评论(0) 收藏举报

刷新页面返回顶部

小阴辨

JavaGUI编程 学习笔记（202109.28~10.10）