xhw354405545

五月四日实验

实验一

task1.1

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 4
int main()
{
int x[N] = {1, 9, 8, 4};
int i;
int *p;
// 方式1:通过数组名和下标遍历输出数组元素
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
printf("%d", x[i]);
printf("\n");
// 方式2:通过指针变量遍历输出数组元素 (写法1)
for (p = x; p < x + N; ++p)
printf("%d", *p);
printf("\n");
// 方式2:通过指针变量遍历输出数组元素(写法2)
p = x;
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
printf("%d", *(p + i));
printf("\n");
// 方式2:通过指针变量遍历输出数组元素(写法3)
p = x;
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
printf("%d", p[i]);
printf("\n");
return 0;
}

实验图片:

task1.2

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x[2][4] = {{1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 4, 9}};
int i, j;
int *p; // 指针变量,存放int类型数据的地址
int(*q)[4]; // 指针变量,指向包含4个int型元素的一维数组
// 使用数组名、下标访问二维数组元素
for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
{
for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
printf("%d", x[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
// 使用指针变量p间接访问二维数组元素
for (p = &x[0][0], i = 0; p < &x[0][0] + 8; ++p, ++i)
{
printf("%d", *p);
if ((i + 1) % 4 == 0)
printf("\n");
}
// 使用指针变量q间接访问二维数组元素
for(q = x; q < x + 2; q++) {
    for(j = 0; j < 4; j++)
        printf("%d", *(*q + j));
    printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

实验图片:

实验二

task2.1

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 80
int main()
{
char s1[] = "Learning makes me happy";
char s2[] = "Learning makes me sleepy";
char tmp[N];
printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
printf("\nswapping...\n");
strcpy(tmp, s1);
strcpy(s1, s2);
strcpy(s2, tmp);
printf("\nafter swap: \n");
printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
return 0;
}

实验图片:

问题1回答:数组s1大小为24字节;sizeof(s1)计算的是数组总共占用空间;strlen(s1)统计的是数组有效部分占用空间。
问题2回答:line7行代码不可替换为“char s1[];s1 = "Learning makes me happy";”,理由是: s1作为地址常量不能存在与等式左侧。
问题3回答:line20~line22执行后,字符数组s1和s2中的内容交换。

task2.2

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 80
int main()
{
char *s1;
s1 = "Learning makes me happy";
char *s2 = "Learning makes me sleepy";
char *tmp;
printf("sizeof(s1) vs. strlen(s1): \n");
printf("sizeof(s1) = %d\n", sizeof(s1));
printf("strlen(s1) = %d\n", strlen(s1));
printf("\nbefore swap: \n");
printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
printf("\nswapping...\n");
tmp = s1;
s1 = s2;
s2 = tmp;
printf("\nafter swap: \n");
printf("s1: %s\n", s1);
printf("s2: %s\n", s2);
return 0;
}

实验图片:

问题1回答:指针变量s1中存放的是字符串的地址;sizeof(s1)计算的是字符串的地址占用的空间;strlen(s1)统计的是字符串的有效部分占用的空间。
问题2回答:ine7代码能替换成“char *s1;s1 = "Learning makes me happy";”的写法;经过对比,task2.2中是将字符串的地址赋予地址变量,而task2.1中等式左侧是地址常量,故2不可。
问题3回答:line20~line22交换的是两字符串的地址;两字符串的在内存中的储存单元没有交换。

实验三

#include <stdio.h>
void str_cpy(char *target, const char *source);
void str_cat(char *str1, char *str2);
int main()
{
char s1[80], s2[20] = "1984";
str_cpy(s1, s2);
puts(s1);
str_cat(s1, " Animal Farm");
puts(s1);
return 0;
}
void str_cpy(char *target, const char *source)
{
while (*target++ = *source++)
;
}
void str_cat(char *str1, char *str2)
{
while (*str1)
str1++;
while (*str1++ = *str2++)
;
}

实验图片:

实验四

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80
int func(char *);
int main()
{
char str[80];
while (gets(str) != NULL)
{
if (func(str))
printf("yes\n");
else
printf("no\n");
}
return 0;
}
int func(char *str)
{
char *begin, *end;
begin = end = str;
while (*end)
end++;
end--;
while (begin < end)
{
if (*begin != *end)
return 0;
else
{
begin++;
end--;
}
}
return 1;
}

实验图片:

实验五

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80
void func(char *);
int main()
{
char s[N];
while (scanf("%s", s) != EOF)
{
func(s);
puts(s);
}
return 0;
}
void func(char *str)
{
int i;
char *p1, *p2, *p;
p1 = str;
while (*p1 == '*')
p1++;
p2 = str;
while (*p2)
p2++;
p2--;
while (*p2 == '*')
p2--;
p = str;
i = 0;
while (p < p1)
{
str[i] = *p;
p++;
i++;
}
while (p <= p2)
{
if (*p != '*')
{
str[i] = *p;
i++;
}
p++;
}
while (*p != '\0')
{
str[i] = *p;
p++;
i++;
}
str[i] = '\0';
}

实验图片:

实验六

task6.1

//#include <stdio.h>
//#include <string.h>
//void sort(char *name[], int n);
//int main()
//{
//char *course[4] = {"C Program",
//"C++ Object Oriented Program",
//"Operating System",
//"Data Structure and Algorithms"};
//int i;
//sort(course, 4);
//for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
//printf("%s\n", course[i]);
//return 0;
//}
//void sort(char *name[], int n)
//{
//int i, j;
//char *tmp;
//for (i = 0; i < n - 1; ++i)
//for (j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; ++j)
//if (strcmp(name[j], name[j + 1]) > 0)
//{
//tmp = name[j];
//name[j] = name[j + 1];
//name[j + 1] = tmp;
//}
//}

实验图片:

task6.2

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void sort(char *name[], int n);
int main()
{
char *course[4] = {"C Program",
"C++ Object Oriented Program",
"Operating System",
"Data Structure and Algorithms"};
int i;
sort(course, 4);
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
printf("%s\n", course[i]);
return 0;
}
void sort(char *name[], int n)
{
int i, j, k;
char *tmp;
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
{
k = i;
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
if (strcmp(name[j], name[k]) < 0)
k = j;
if (k != i)
{
tmp = name[i];
name[i] = name[k];
name[k] = tmp;
}
}
}

实验图片:

问题回答:这两种算法实现中,交换的是指针变量的值。

实验七

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 5

int check_id(char *str);

int main()
{
    char *pid[N] = {"31010120000721656X",
                    "330106199609203301",
                    "53010220051126571",
                    "510104199211197977",
                    "53010220051126133Y"};
    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
        if(check_id(pid[i]))
            printf("%s\tTrue\n", pid[i]);
        else
            printf("%s\tFalse\n", pid[i]);
    }
    return 0;
}
int check_id(char *str) {
    char *p;
    int i;

    p = str;

    while(*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') 
        p++;

    if(*p == '\0' && strlen(str) == 18)
        return 1;
    else
        return 0;
}

实验图片:

实验八

#include <stdio.h>
#define N 80
void encoder(char *s); // 函数声明
void decoder(char *s); // 函数声明
int main()
{
char words[N];
printf("输入英文文本: ");
while(gets(words) != NULL) {
printf("编码后的英文文本: ");
encoder(words); // 函数调用
printf("%s\n", words);
printf("对编码后的英文文本解码: ");
decoder(words); // 函数调用
printf("%s\n\n", words);
printf("输入英文文本: ");
}
return 0;
}        
void encoder(char *s) {
    while(*s) {
        if(*s >= 'a' && *s <= 'y' || *s >= 'A' && *s <= 'Y') {
            *s = *s + 1;
            s++; continue;
        }
        else if(*s == 'z' || *s == 'Z') {
            *s = *s - 25;
            s++; continue;
        }
        s++;
    }
    return;
}
void decoder(char *s) {
    while(*s) {
        if(*s >= 'b' && *s <= 'z' || *s >= 'B' && *s <= 'Z') {
            *s = *s - 1;
            s++; continue;
        }
        else if(*s == 'a' || *s == 'A') {
            *s = *s + 25;
            s++; continue;
        }
        s++;
    }
    return;
}

实验图片:

 

posted on 2023-05-04 16:53  果胶纤维素  阅读(23)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报

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