Python script get date and time All In One

Python shell script print current datetime to log file

# ✅ 👍 相对路径 env
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# 仅仅适用于 Python ❌
# 指定文件编码 UTF-8
# coding: utf8

# 👎 绝对路径, 存在错误风险
#!/usr/bin/bash

errors

Python !== Shell ❌

$ ./gpio.py 3
  File "/home/pi/Desktop/./gpio.py", line 15
    datetime = $(date '+%Y-%m-%d %T')
               ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Solutions

Python get datetime

from datetime import datetime

# 获得当前时间
now = datetime.now()

# 转换为指定的格式
currentTime = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

print('currentTime =', currentTime)
# currentTime = 2023-04-12 04:24:24

import datetime

# 获得当前时间
now = datetime.datetime.now()

# 转换为指定的格式
currentTime = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

print('currentTime =', currentTime)
# currentTime = 2023-04-12 04:23:40

import time

# 获得当前时间戳
now = int(time.time())

#转换为其他日期格式, 如:"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
timeArray = time.localtime(now)

currentTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)
print('currentTime =', currentTime)
# currentTime = 2023-04-12 04:49:44

demos

Python script

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding: utf8

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
import sys

arg1 = sys.argv[1]
print("arg1 =", arg1);
# 获取时间戳 ✅
# SH_DATE=$(TZ=':Asia/Shanghai' date '+%Y-%m-%d %T');
# datetime = $SH_DATE
print("⏰ current datetime =", datetime);
# $ pinout 命令查看，或 https://pinout.xyz/
# 指定 BCM 模式下的 GPIO 针脚编号是 12
# 对应的物理针脚编号是 32
PIN = 12
# BCM 模式
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)

# 指定 GPIO 针脚为一个电流输出针脚
GPIO.setup(PIN, GPIO.OUT)

# 输出低电平
GPIO.output(PIN, GPIO.LOW)

# index
i = 0
# max
# n = 7

# 类型转换，str => int
n = int(arg1)

print("n =", n)
print('开始闪烁⏳')

while (i < n):
    print("i =", i)
    # 高电平，LED 点亮
    GPIO.output(PIN, GPIO.HIGH)
    # 休眠 1 秒，防止 LED 长时间点亮烧坏了
    time.sleep(1.0)
    # 低电平，LED 熄灭
    GPIO.output(PIN, GPIO.LOW)
    # 休眠 1 秒
    time.sleep(1.0)
    i = i + 1

# 输出低电平，LED 关闭
# GPIO.output(PIN, GPIO.LOW)

# 清除，释放内存
GPIO.cleanup()

print('结束闪烁 👌🏻')

Python 时间戳/日期格式化

import locale, datetime
import time

def func():
  # 查看有哪些可以使用的 locale 安装包
  # $ locale -a
  # 指定 locale 安装包
  # 存在 locale 安装包 zh_CN.UTF-8 ✅
  locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'zh_CN.UTF-8')
  # locale.Error: unsupported locale setting ❌ macOS 不存在 locale 安装包 zh_CN.utf8
  # locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'zh_CN.utf8')
  # now = time.time()
  now = "1. 二月 2023"
  rule = '%d. %B %Y'
  format_time = datetime.datetime.strptime(str(now), rule)
  print("formattime format() =", "{}".format(format_time))
  print("formattime =", format_time)
  # 恢复默认的 locale
  locale.resetlocale()

if __name__ == '__main__':
  func()

# $ python ./locale-datetime.py
# formattime format() = 2023-02-01 00:00:00
# formattime = 2023-02-01 00:00:00

locale

macOS zh_CN.UTF-8

$ locale
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=

$ locale -a | grep "zh_CN"
zh_CN.UTF-8
zh_CN.GB2312
zh_CN.GBK
zh_CN.GB18030
zh_CN
zh_CN.eucCN

$ locale -a | grep "zh_CN.UTF-8"
zh_CN.UTF-8

Raspberry Pi zh_CN.utf8

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ locale -a
C
C.UTF-8
en_GB.utf8
POSIX
zh_CN
zh_CN.gb18030
zh_CN.gb2312
zh_CN.gbk
zh_CN.utf8

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ cat /etc/locale.gen 
# This file lists locales that you wish to have built. You can find a list
# of valid supported locales at /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED, and you can add
# user defined locales to /usr/local/share/i18n/SUPPORTED. If you change
# this file, you need to rerun locale-gen.
#
# ...
en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8
# ... 省略掉了没有安装的 locale 包
zh_CN GB2312
zh_CN.GB18030 GB18030
zh_CN.GBK GBK
zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
# zh_HK.UTF-8 UTF-8
# zh_SG.UTF-8 UTF-8
# zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8
# ...

pi@raspberrypi:~/Desktop $ locale
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=

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datetime & time

Python packages

https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html

https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#module-time

# import datetime

from datetime import datetime

print("datatime =", datetime)

now = datetime.now()

print('⏰ now =', now)

https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/datetime

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-datetime-module/

Python REPL

https://www.w3schools.com/python/trypython.asp?filename=demo_datetime1

Python 将时间戳转换为指定格式日期

time

import time
 
# 获得当前时间时间戳
now = int(time.time())

#转换为其他日期格式,如:"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
timeArray = time.localtime(now)

otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)
print(otherStyleTime)

# 执行以上代码输出结果为：
2019-05-21 18:02:49

datetime

import datetime

# 获得当前时间
now = datetime.datetime.now()

# 转换为指定的格式
otherStyleTime = now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
print(otherStyleTime)

# 执行以上代码输出结果为：
2019-05-21 18:03:48

https://www.runoob.com/?s=python+date

https://www.runoob.com/python/att-time-strftime.html

https://www.runoob.com/python3/python-timstamp-str.html

https://www.runoob.com/python3/python3-get-yesterday.html