故障处理：ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt
我们的文章会在微信公众号IT民工的龙马人生和博客网站( www.htz.pw )同步更新 ，欢迎关注收藏，也欢迎大家转载，但是请在文章开始地方标注文章出处，谢谢！
由于博客中有大量代码，通过页面浏览效果更佳。
故障处理：ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt
今天在整理onenote的未归档笔记的时候，看到数据文件头损坏的东西，很久没有弄这个东西了，下面来玩玩数据文件头损坏的修复，下面做了两个实验:1,COPY当前表空间中其它数据文件头来覆盖故障数据文件头，2，COPY其它表空间中数据文件头来覆盖故障数据文件头。
欢迎大家加入ORACLE超级群：17115662 免费解决各种ORACLE问题,以后BLOG将迁移到http://www.htz.pw
1，数据库版本
本实验是基本LINUX平台的，数据库版本如下，不同平台，不同版本是有区别的。
www.htz.pw > select * from v$version;
BANNER
——————————————————————————–
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 – 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
CORE 11.2.0.3.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.3.0 – Production
2，创建测试表空间
www.htz.pw > create tablespace htz datafile ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz01.dbf’ size 10M;
Tablespace created.
www.htz.pw > alter tablespace htz add datafile ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf’ size 10m;
Tablespace altered.
3，数据文件头内容对比
下面只做了同一个表空间中数据文件头的对比，其中需要注意的是，绿色部分是同一个表空间COPY时需要修改的地方，紫色的部分是不同表空间COPY的时候需要增加修改的地方。具体每个字段的含义见bbed kcvfh
BBED> p kcvfh
struct kcvfh, 860 bytes @0 @0
struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes @0 @0
ub1 type_kcbh @0 0x0b @0 0x0b
ub1 frmt_kcbh @1 0xa2 @1 0xa2
ub1 spare1_kcbh @2 0x00 @2 0x00
ub1 spare2_kcbh @3 0x00 @3 0x00
ub4 rdba_kcbh @4 0x01800001 @4 0x01c00001 relative database block address（个人感觉这个值由64*kccfhfno+0001）
ub4 bas_kcbh @8 0x00000000 @8 0x00000000
ub2 wrp_kcbh @12 0x0000 @12 0x0000
ub1 seq_kcbh @14 0x01 @14 0x01
ub1 flg_kcbh @15 0x04 (KCBHFCKV) @15 0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
ub2 chkval_kcbh @16 0x90e2 @16 0x907e
ub2 spare3_kcbh @18 0x0000 @18 0x0000
struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes @20 @20
ub4 kccfhswv @20 0x00000000 @20 0x00000000
ub4 kccfhcvn @24 0x0b200000 @24 0x0b200000
ub4 kccfhdbi @28 0xd0278802 @28 0xd0278802
text kccfhdbn[0] @32 O @32 O
text kccfhdbn[1] @33 R @33 R
text kccfhdbn[2] @34 C @34 C
text kccfhdbn[3] @35 L @35 L
text kccfhdbn[4] @36 1 @36 1
text kccfhdbn[5] @37 1 @37 1
text kccfhdbn[6] @38 2 @38 2
text kccfhdbn[7] @39 3 @39 3
ub4 kccfhcsq @40 0x00001711 @40 0x00001715
ub4 kccfhfsz @44 0x00000500 @44 0x00000500 文件的大小,其实是块的个数(数据文件大小(ls -l)除块的大小再减去1),可以直接dump控制文件
s_blkz kccfhbsz @48 0x00 @48 0x00
ub2 kccfhfno @52 0x0006 @52 0x0007 file number，这里是绝对文件号,可以通过底层表得到 ,也可以在控制文件中得到
ub2 kccfhtyp @54 0x0003 @54 0x0003 file type，03代表数据文件，01，代表控制文件，02代表redo log ,04,backup controlfile 5 backup file,6 temporary db file
ub4 kccfhacid @56 0x00000000 @56 0x00000000
ub4 kccfhcks @60 0x00000000 @60 0x00000000
text kccfhtag[0] @64 @64
text kccfhtag[1] @65 @65
text kccfhtag[2] @66 @66
text kccfhtag[3] @67 @67
text kccfhtag[4] @68 @68
text kccfhtag[5] @69 @69
text kccfhtag[6] @70 @70
text kccfhtag[7] @71 @71
text kccfhtag[8] @72 @72
text kccfhtag[9] @73 @73
text kccfhtag[10] @74 @74
text kccfhtag[11] @75 @75
text kccfhtag[12] @76 @76
text kccfhtag[13] @77 @77
text kccfhtag[14] @78 @78
text kccfhtag[15] @79 @79
text kccfhtag[16] @80 @80
text kccfhtag[17] @81 @81
text kccfhtag[18] @82 @82
text kccfhtag[19] @83 @83
text kccfhtag[20] @84 @84
text kccfhtag[21] @85 @85
text kccfhtag[22] @86 @86
text kccfhtag[23] @87 @87
text kccfhtag[24] @88 @88
text kccfhtag[25] @89 @89
text kccfhtag[26] @90 @90
text kccfhtag[27] @91 @91
text kccfhtag[28] @92 @92
text kccfhtag[29] @93 @93
text kccfhtag[30] @94 @94
text kccfhtag[31] @95 @95
ub4 kcvfhrdb @96 0x00000000 @96 0x00000000
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100 @100 Datafile creation change#
ub4 kscnbas @100 0x003011e2 @100 0x003012ed creation at SCN base在file$.crscnbas,控制文件中也是有的。
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0000 @104 0x0000 creation at SCN wrap 在file$.crscnwrp,控制文件也是有的
ub4 kcvfhcrt @108 0x32a8ae70 @108 0x32a8ae81 Datafile creation
timestamp,控制文件也可以得到，不过需要计算，个人认为这里不需要修改，这里我一般是通过重建控制文件
下面三行的内容，一般会用于在offline的数据文件打开后的修复会实现，这种情况下不会使用，不过需要了解一下
ub4 kcvfhrlc @112 0x328d111c @112 0x328d111c Resetlogs timestamp也可以从控制文件中得到
struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes @116 @116 Resetlogs change#
ub4 kscnbas @116 0x00220d37 @116 0x00220d37 resetlog scnbase
ub2 kscnwrp @120 0x0000 @120 0x0000 reset log scn wrap
ub4 kcvfhbti @124 0x00000000 @124 0x00000000 Time the backup started,
struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes @128 @128 System change number when backup starte
ub4 kscnbas @128 0x00000000 @128 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @132 0x0000 @132 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhbth @136 0x0000 @136 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhsta @138 0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ) @138 0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ) (file header status),这里的值比较多，见笔记
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484 @484 checkpoint相当的信息
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484 @484
ub4 kscnbas @484 0x003011e3 @484 0x003012ee checkpoint scn base
ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000 @488 0x0000 checkpoint scn wrap
ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x32a8ae70 @492 0x32a8ae81 checkpoint time
ub2 kcvcpthr @496 0x0001 @496 0x0001 checkpoint thread
union u, 12 bytes @500 @500 thread RBA
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @500 @500
ub4 kcrbaseq @500 0x0000005e @500 0x0000005e redo sequence
ub4 kcrbabno @504 0x0000020b @504 0x00000291 redo block number
ub2 kcrbabof @508 0x0010 @508 0x0010 Byte offset，the byte offset into the block at which the redo record starts
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @512 0x02 @512 0x02
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @513 0x00 @513 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @514 0x00 @514 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @515 0x00 @515 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @516 0x00 @516 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @517 0x00 @517 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @518 0x00 @518 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @519 0x00 @519 0x00
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x00000002 @140 0x00000002 checkpoint_count
ub4 kcvfhrts @144 0x00000000 @144 0x00000000 recovered at timstamp
ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x00000001 @148 0x00000001 control file checkpoint count at read before write（cpc-1）
struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes @152 @152 Backup Checkpoint SCN
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @152 @152
ub4 kscnbas @152 0x00000000 @152 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @156 0x0000 @156 0x0000
ub4 kcvcptim @160 0x00000000 @160 0x00000000
ub2 kcvcpthr @164 0x0000 @164 0x0000
union u, 12 bytes @168 @168
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @168 @168
ub4 kcrbaseq @168 0x00000000 @168 0x00000000
ub4 kcrbabno @172 0x00000000 @172 0x00000000
ub2 kcrbabof @176 0x0000 @176 0x0000
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @180 0x00 @180 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @181 0x00 @181 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @182 0x00 @182 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @183 0x00 @183 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @184 0x00 @184 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @185 0x00 @185 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @186 0x00 @186 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @187 0x00 @187 0x00
ub4 kcvfhbhz @312 0x00000000 @312 0x00000000
struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes @316 @316
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[0] @316 0x00000000 @316 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[1] @320 0x00000000 @320 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[2] @324 0x00000000 @324 0x00000000
ub4 space_kcvmxcd[3] @328 0x00000000 @328 0x00000000
sword kcvfhtsn @332 6 @332 6 tablespace number
ub2 kcvfhtln @336 0x0003 @336 0x0003 这个代表表空间名的长度
text kcvfhtnm[0] @338 H @338 H
text kcvfhtnm[1] @339 T @339 T
text kcvfhtnm[2] @340 Z @340 Z
text kcvfhtnm[3] @341 @341
text kcvfhtnm[4] @342 @342
text kcvfhtnm[5] @343 @343
text kcvfhtnm[6] @344 @344
text kcvfhtnm[7] @345 @345
text kcvfhtnm[8] @346 @346
text kcvfhtnm[9] @347 @347
text kcvfhtnm[10] @348 @348
text kcvfhtnm[11] @349 @349
text kcvfhtnm[12] @350 @350
text kcvfhtnm[13] @351 @351
text kcvfhtnm[14] @352 @352
text kcvfhtnm[15] @353 @353
text kcvfhtnm[16] @354 @354
text kcvfhtnm[17] @355 @355
text kcvfhtnm[18] @356 @356
text kcvfhtnm[19] @357 @357
text kcvfhtnm[20] @358 @358
text kcvfhtnm[21] @359 @359
text kcvfhtnm[22] @360 @360
text kcvfhtnm[23] @361 @361
text kcvfhtnm[24] @362 @362
text kcvfhtnm[25] @363 @363
text kcvfhtnm[26] @364 @364
text kcvfhtnm[27] @365 @365
text kcvfhtnm[28] @366 @366
text kcvfhtnm[29] @367 @367
ub4 kcvfhrfn @368 0x00000006 @368 0x00000007 relative file number
struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes @372 @372 The SCN at which the recovery of this file will be complete
ub4 kscnbas @372 0x00000000 @372 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @376 0x0000 @376 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhrft @380 0x00000000 @380 0x00000000
struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes @384 @384 absolute fuzzy scn, 即Minimum PITR SCN
ub4 kscnbas @384 0x00000000 @384 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @388 0x0000 @388 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhbbc @392 0x00000000 @392 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhncb @396 0x00000000 @396 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhmcb @400 0x00000000 @400 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhlcb @404 0x00000000 @404 0x00000000
ub4 kcvfhbcs @408 0x00000000 @408 0x00000000
ub2 kcvfhofb @412 0x0000 @412 0x0000
ub2 kcvfhnfb @414 0x0000 @414 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhprc @416 0x328d0f49 @416 0x328d0f49 prev reset logs count
struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes @420 @420 prev reset logs SCN
ub4 kscnbas @420 0x00220d33 @420 0x00220d33
ub2 kscnwrp @424 0x0000 @424 0x0000
struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes @428 @428
ub4 kscnbas @428 0x00000000 @428 0x00000000
ub2 kscnwrp @432 0x0000 @432 0x0000
ub4 kcvfhtrt @444 0x00000000 @444 0x00000000
4，COPY相同表空间其它的数据文件头
www.htz.pw > alter tablespace htz add datafile ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz03.dbf’ size 11M;
Tablespace altered.
BBED> info
File# Name Size(blks)
—– —- ———-
1 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf 0
2 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/sysaux01.dbf 0
3 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/undotbs1.dbf 0
4 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf 0
5 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/undotbs2.dbf 0
6 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz01.dbf 0
7 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf 0
8 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/undotbs3.dbf 0
9 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz03.dbf 0
BBED> set mode edit
MODE Edit
BBED> copy file 9 block 1 to file 7 block 1;
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 0 to 511 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
0ba20000 01004002 00000000 00000104 4a910000 00000000 0000200b 028827d0
4f52434c 31313233 1b170000 80050000 00200000 09000300 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 a2183000 00000000 63bca832 1c118d32 370d2200 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000400 02000000 00000000 01000000 00000000 00000000
www.htz.pw > startup force
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 237998080 bytes
Fixed Size 2227216 bytes
Variable Size 197133296 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 5083136 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01122: database file 7 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 7: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf’
ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt
这里已经看到，报数据文件头损坏了
dump控制文件，可以得到正常时数据文件头中一些信息，这里假设控制文件是正常的，其实需要的信息，我们也可以从底层表中获取
DATA FILE #7:
name #11: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf
creation size=1280 block size=8192 status=0xe head=11 tail=11 dup=1
tablespace 6, index=7 krfil=7 prev_file=6
unrecoverable scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Checkpoint cnt:2 scn: 0x0000.003012ee 06/10/2014 23:38:41
Stop scn: 0xffff.ffffffff 06/10/2014 23:38:41
Creation Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.003012ed 06/10/2014 23:38:41
thread:1 rba:(0x5e.291.10)
enabled threads: 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
………………………………………………………………
Offline scn: 0x0000.00000000 prev_range: 0
Online Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.00000000
thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)
enabled threads: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
………………………………………………………………
Hot Backup end marker scn: 0x0000.00000000
aux_file is NOT DEFINED
Plugged readony: NO
Plugin scnscn: 0x0000.00000000
Plugin resetlogs scn/timescn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Foreign creation scn/timescn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Foreign checkpoint scn/timescn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Online move state: 0
下面开始bbed修改内容
4.1 修改rdba_kcbh
rdba_kcbh由8位组成，前4位为绝对文件号*64，后4位由块号组成
SQL> select 7*64 from dual;
7*64
———-
448
SQL> @10to16.sql
Enter value for number10: 448
old 1: select to_char(‘&number10′,’xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx’) from dual
new 1: select to_char(‘448′,’xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx’) from dual
TO_CHAR(‘448’,’XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
———————————————
1c0
BBED> set offset 4
OFFSET 4
BBED> dump
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 4 to 13 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
01004002 00000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x c001 offset 6
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 6 to 15 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
c0010000 00000000 0104
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p kcvfhbfh.rdba_kcbh
ub4 rdba_kcbh @4 0x01c00001
4.2 修改数据文件大小
数据文件头中的数据文件大小就是OS上看到的大小–8192，8192这个值可能不一样，可以见V$datafile
SQL> select 10493952/8192-1 from dual;
10493952/8192-1
—————
1280
SQL> @10to16.sql
Enter value for number10: 1280
old 1: select to_char(‘&number10′,’xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx’) from dual
new 1: select to_char(‘1280′,’xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx’) from dual
TO_CHAR(‘1280’,’XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
———————————————
500
BBED> p kcvfhhdr.kccfhfsz
ub4 kccfhfsz @44 0x00000580
BBED> modify /x 0005 offset 44
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 44 to 53 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
00050000 00200000 0900
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p kcvfhhdr.kccfhfsz
ub4 kccfhfsz @44 0x00000500
4.3 修改文件号
文件号分为绝对文件号与相对文件号
修改决对
BBED> p kcvfhhdr.kccfhfno
ub2 kccfhfno @52 0x0009
BBED> modify /x 07 offset 52
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 52 to 61 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
07000300 00000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p kcvfhhdr.kccfhfno
ub2 kccfhfno @52 0x0007
修改相对文件号
BBED> p kcvfhrfn
ub4 kcvfhrfn @368 0x00000009
BBED> modify /x 07 offset 368
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 368 to 377 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
07000000 00000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p kcvfhrfn
ub4 kcvfhrfn @368 0x00000007
4.4 修改创建时的SCN
BBED> p kcvfhcrs
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kscnbas @100 0x003018a2
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0000
BBED> modify /x ed12 offset 100
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 100 to 109 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
ed123000 00000000 63bc
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 3000 offset 102
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf (7)
Block: 1 Offsets: 102 to 111 Dba:0x01c00001
————————————————————————
30000000 000063bc a832
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p kcvfhcrs
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kscnbas @100 0x003012ed
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0000
4.5 修改checkpoint_count
修改checkpoint count的值，
BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x00000002
这里kcvfhcpc的值与控制文件中一致
4.6 修改完成
通过上面几步的修改，基本上就可以实现我们的功能了
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 7, Block 1:
current = 0x9805, required = 0x9805
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY – Verification starting
FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY – Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
4.7 打开数据库
www.htz.pw > alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01122: database file 7 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 7: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/htz02.dbf’
ORA-01202: wrong incarnation of this file – wrong creation time
这个报错的原因是因为创建时间不正确导致的
www.htz.pw > select file#,status,error from v$datafile_header;
FILE# STATUS ERROR
———- ——- —————————————————————–
1 ONLINE
2 ONLINE
3 ONLINE
4 ONLINE
5 ONLINE
6 ONLINE
7 ONLINE WRONG FILE CREATE
8 ONLINE
9 ONLINE
9 rows selected.
这里是我没有计算时间的原因
[oracle@www.htz.pw sql]$ls *create*con*.sh
create_controlfile_sql.sh
[oracle@www.htz.pw sql]$./create_controlfile_sql.sh
please input direcotry default /tmp:
please input file name default control.ctl:
Database altered.
下面我们来创建一下控制文件
www.htz.pw > @/tmp/control.ctl
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 237998080 bytes
Fixed Size 2227216 bytes
Variable Size 197133296 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 5083136 bytes
Control file created.
Media recovery complete.
Database altered.
已经数据库已经正常OPEN了。
Tablespace altered.
5，COPY不同表空间的数据文件头的块
这里选择的是USERS这个表空间来测试，使用SYSAUX表空间中数据文件头来覆盖USERS中的数据文件头的信息
BBED> copy file 2 block 1 to file 4 block 1;
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 1 Offsets: 0 to 9 Dba:0x01000001
————————————————————————
0ba20000 01008000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
www.htz.pw > alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
www.htz.pw > /
System altered.
www.htz.pw > /
alter system switch logfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 20945
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 3
dump控制文件号
DATA FILE #4:
name #9: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf
creation size=0 block size=8192 status=0xe head=9 tail=9 dup=1
tablespace 4, index=4 krfil=4 prev_file=0
unrecoverable scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Checkpoint cnt:388 scn: 0x0000.003067d3 06/11/2014 02:38:05
Stop scn: 0xffff.ffffffff 06/11/2014 00:38:20
Creation Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.000049e7 09/17/2011 09:46:40
thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)
enabled threads: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
…………………………………..
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
Offline scn: 0x0000.00000000 prev_range: 0
Online Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.00000000
thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)
enabled threads: 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
……………………………………
Hot Backup end marker scn: 0x0000.00000000
aux_file is NOT DEFINED
Plugged readony: NO
Plugin scnscn: 0x0000.00000000
Plugin resetlogs scn/timescn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Foreign creation scn/timescn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Foreign checkpoint scn/timescn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Online move state: 0
www.htz.pw > alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01122: database file 4 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 4: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf’
ORA-01210: data file header is media corrupt
这里可以看到数据文件头损坏的报错。
5.1 修改rdba_kcbh
方法见上面
5.2 修改文件号
方法见上面
5.3 修改数据文件大小
方法见上面
5.4 修改创建时的SCN
方法见上面
5.5 修改checkpoint_count
方法见上面
5.7 修改表空间名字信息
修改表空间名的长度
ub2 kcvfhtln @336 0x0006
BBED> modify /x 05 offset 336
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 1 Offsets: 336 to 345 Dba:0x01000001
————————————————————————
05005359 53415558 0000
<32 bytes per line>
修改表空间名字
SQL> select dump(‘USERS’,16) from dual;
DUMP(‘USERS’,16)
—————————-
Typ=96 Len=5: 55,53,45,52,53
BBED> p kcvfhtln
ub2 kcvfhtln @336 0x0005
BBED> modify /c USERS offset 338
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 1 Offsets: 338 to 347 Dba:0x01000001
————————————————————————
55534552 53580000 0000
BBED> modify /x 00 offset 343
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 1 Offsets: 343 to 352 Dba:0x01000001
————————————————————————
00000000 00000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> dump offset 338
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 1 Offsets: 338 to 347 Dba:0x01000001
————————————————————————
55534552 53000000 0000
<32 bytes per line>
修改表空间号
BBED> p kcvfhtsn
sword kcvfhtsn @332 1
BBED> modify /x 04 offset 332
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 1 Offsets: 332 to 341 Dba:0x01000001
————————————————————————
04000000 05005553 4552
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p kcvfhtsn
sword kcvfhtsn @332 4
5.8 修改完成
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 4, Block 1:
current = 0x23ce, required = 0x23ce
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY – Verification starting
FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY – Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
www.htz.pw > alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01122: database file 4 failed verification check
ORA-01110: data file 4: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf’
ORA-01202: wrong incarnation of this file – wrong creation time
重建控制文件后，再次打开数据文件
www.htz.pw > recover database;
Media recovery complete.
www.htz.pw > alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced
ORA-01177: data file does not match dictionary – probably old incarnation
ORA-01110: data file 4: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf’
Process ID: 11269
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 3
这里触发了ORA-01177，01177报错的原因：数据文件头中的创建SCN大于FILE$中存放的SCN
BBED> set block 233
BLOCK# 233
BBED> map
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (1)
Block: 233 Dba:0x004000e9
————————————————————
KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)
struct kcbh, 20 bytes @0
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes @20
struct kdbh, 14 bytes @68
struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes @82
sb2 kdbr[9] @86
ub1 freespace[5686] @104
ub1 rowdata[2398] @5790
ub4 tailchk @8188
BBED> x /rnn *kdbr[3]
rowdata[2031] @7821
————-
flag@7821: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@7822: 0x00
cols@7823: 11
col 0[2] @7824: 4
col 1[2] @7827: 2
col 2[3] @7830: 640
col 3[2] @7834: 4
col 4[2] @7837: 4
col 5[5] @7840: 4194302
col 6[3] @7846: 160
col 7[1] @7850: 0
col 8[4] @7852: 18919
col 9[0] @7857: *NULL*
col 10[5] @7858: 16777218
www.htz.pw > select to_char(18919,’xxxxxxxx’) from dual;
TO_CHAR(1
———
49e7
这里不知道是什么原因，反正这里看到的创建的SCN与FILE$中的SCN值是一样的。
ub4 kcvfhrdb @96 0x00000000
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kscnbas @100 0x000049e7
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0000
下面我们把FILE$里面的值增加大一点，原因遇到过一次，报相同的错误，最后把SCN改到比FILE$中小后，问题就解决了。
BBED> x /rn *kdbr[3]
rowdata[2031] @7821
————-
flag@7821: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@7822: 0x00
cols@7823: 11
col 0[2] @7824: 4
col 1[2] @7827: 2
col 2[3] @7830: 640
col 3[2] @7834: 4
col 4[2] @7837: 4
col 5[5] @7840: 4194302
col 6[3] @7846: 160
col 7[1] @7850: 0
col 8[4] @7852: 18919
col 9[0] @7857: *NULL*
col 10[5] @7858: 16777218
BBED> set offset 7852
OFFSET 7852
BBED> dump count 10
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (1)
Block: 233 Offsets: 7852 to 7861 Dba:0x004000e9
————————————————————————
04c3025a 14ff05c4 114e
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> set offset 7856
OFFSET 7856
BBED> dump
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (1)
Block: 233 Offsets: 7856 to 7865 Dba:0x004000e9
————————————————————————
14ff05c4 114e4913 2c01
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 16
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/system01.dbf (1)
Block: 233 Offsets: 7856 to 7865 Dba:0x004000e9
————————————————————————
16ff05c4 114e4913 2c01
<32 bytes per line>
再次创建控制文件，故障仍然存在
BBED> set file 1 block 233
FILE# 1
BLOCK# 233
BBED> x /rn *kdbr[3]
rowdata[2031] @7821
————-
flag@7821: 0x2c (KDRHFL, KDRHFF, KDRHFH)
lock@7822: 0x00
cols@7823: 11
col 0[2] @7824: 4
col 1[2] @7827: 2
col 2[3] @7830: 640
col 3[2] @7834: 4
col 4[2] @7837: 4
col 5[5] @7840: 4194302
col 6[3] @7846: 160
col 7[1] @7850: 0
col 8[4] @7852: 18921
col 9[0] @7857: *NULL*
col 10[5] @7858: 16777218
BBED> modify /x e949 offset 100
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf (4)
Block: 1 Offsets: 100 to 109 Dba:0x01000001
————————————————————————
e9490000 00000000 6877
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> p kcvfhcrs
struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes @100
ub4 kscnbas @100 0x000049e9
ub2 kscnwrp @104 0x0000
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 4, Block 1:
current = 0xd308, required = 0xd308
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY – Verification starting
FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1123/users01.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY – Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
www.htz.pw > @/tmp/control.ctl
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 237998080 bytes
Fixed Size 2227216 bytes
Variable Size 197133296 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 5083136 bytes
Control file created.
Media recovery complete.
Database altered.
数据库已经正常打开
Tablespace altered.
其实这里就是报FILE$与数据文件头中的SCN都增加了，并且修改为一样的时候，解决问题
------------------作者介绍-----------------------
姓名：黄廷忠
个人博客: (http://www.htz.pw)
CSDN地址: (https://blog.csdn.net/wwwhtzpw)
博客园地址: (https://www.cnblogs.com/www-htz-pw)
提供ORACLE技术支持(系统优化，故障处理，安装升级，数据恢复等） TEL:18081072613，微信、QQ同手机号。
浙公网安备 33010602011771号