Oracle故障处理：轻松搞定ORA-01190报错
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Oracle故障处理：轻松搞定ORA-01190报错
ORA-01190这个错误比较常见，特别在没有正规DBA运维的环境中比较常见，
先看看ORACLE官方是怎么解决这个报错的
SQL> !oerr ora 01190
01190, 00000, “control file or data file %s is from before the last RESETLOGS”
// *Cause: Attempting to use a data file when the log reset information in
// the file does not match the control file. Either the data file
// or the control file is a backup that was made before the most
// recent ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS.
// *Action: Restore file from a more recent backup.
1，数据库的版本
SQL> select * from v$version;
BANNER
——————————————————————————–
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 – Production
CORE 11.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 – Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 – Production
2，现象模拟
这里我们通过使用online一个数据文件后，使用open resetlogs方式来打开数据库，这样offline的数据文件就成功resetlogs之间的数据文件，实验环境要求数据库运行在归档模式，其它非归档模式也是一样的，只是需要再侯scn的值
SQL> drop tablespace htz including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
SQL> select name from v$dbfile where rownum=1;
NAME
——————————————————————————–
/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/users01.dbf
SQL> create tablespace htz datafile ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’ size 10m autoextend on maxsize 10G;
Tablespace created.
SQL> create table scott.htz tablespace htz as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 379965440 bytes
Fixed Size 2253464 bytes
Variable Size 171969896 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 4415488 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> !rm /tmp/control.txt
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as ‘/tmp/control.txt’;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 379965440 bytes
Fixed Size 2253464 bytes
Variable Size 171969896 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 4415488 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE “ORCL1124” RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo01.log’ SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
9 GROUP 2 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo02.log’ SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
10 GROUP 3 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo03.log’ SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
11 — STANDBY LOGFILE
12 DATAFILE
13 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf’,
14 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/sysaux01.dbf’,
15 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/undotbs01.dbf’,
16 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/users01.dbf’,
17 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
18 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
19 ;
Control file created.
SQL> set lines 200
SQL> col name for a60
SQL> select * from v$dbfile;
FILE# NAME
———- ————————————————————
5 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf
4 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/users01.dbf
3 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/undotbs01.dbf
2 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/sysaux01.dbf
1 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf
SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;
Database altered.
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 1277201 generated at 04/22/2014 18:06:17 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL1124/archivelog/2014_04_22/o1_mf_1_90_%u_.arc
ORA-00280: change 1277201 for thread 1 is in sequence #90
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01190: control file or data file 5 is from before the last RESETLOGS
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
这里看到报错了。
3，故障处理办法
其实处理的方式还是多样的，这里主要介绍两种方式，1，是通过增加scn的值来处理，2，通过bbed来修改resetlog_scn的值来处理。
查看当前数据文件的reset scn与reset time的值
SQL> select hxfil file_id,
2 FHRLC “RESET TIME”,
3 fhrlc_i “RESET COUNT”,
4 FHRLS “RESET SCN”,
5 FHPRC “LAST RESET TIME”,
6 FHPRC_I “LAST RESET COUNT”,
7 FHPRS “LAST RESET SCN”
8 from x$kcvfh;
FILE_ID RESET TIME RESET COUNT RESET SCN LAST RESET TIME LAST RESET COUNT LAST RESET SCN
———- ——————– ———– —————- ——————– —————– —————-
1 04/22/2014 18:09:05 845575745 1277202 04/16/2014 21:01:21 845067681 925702
2 04/22/2014 18:09:05 845575745 1277202 04/16/2014 21:01:21 845067681 925702
3 04/22/2014 18:09:05 845575745 1277202 04/16/2014 21:01:21 845067681 925702
4 04/22/2014 18:09:05 845575745 1277202 04/16/2014 21:01:21 845067681 925702
5 04/16/2014 21:01:21 845067681 925702 08/24/2013 11:37:30 824297850 1
这里可以看到数据库5的reset scn的值跟其实的不一样。
其实我们也可以通过dump文件头的信息，如果下：
SQL> oradebug dump FILE_HDRS 3;
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug tracefile_name;
/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl1124/orcl1124/trace/orcl1124_ora_10672.trc
DATA FILE #5:
name #4: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf
creation size=0 block size=8192 status=0xc head=4 tail=4 dup=1
tablespace 6, index=5 krfil=5 prev_file=0
unrecoverable scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Checkpoint cnt:4294967295 scn: 0x0000.00137d11 04/22/2014 18:06:17
Stop scn: 0x0000.00137d15 04/22/2014 18:09:16
Creation Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.00132bd4 04/22/2014 18:04:33
thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)
Tablespace #6 – HTZ rel_fn:5
Creation at scn: 0x0000.00132bd4 04/22/2014 18:04:33
Backup taken at scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00 thread:0
reset logs count:0x325eb5a1 scn: 0x0000.000e2006
prev reset logs count:0x3121c97a scn: 0x0000.00000001
recovered at 04/22/2014 18:06:07
status:0x0 root dba:0x00000000 chkpt cnt: 6 ctl cnt:5
Tablespace #4 – USERS rel_fn:4
Creation at scn: 0x0000.00003f0f 08/24/2013 11:37:49
Backup taken at scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00 thread:0
reset logs count:0x32667641 scn: 0x0000.00137d12
prev reset logs count:0x325eb5a1 scn: 0x0000.000e2006
recovered at 04/22/2014 18:08:57
status:0x4 root dba:0x00000000 chkpt cnt: 194 ctl cnt:193
begin-hot-backup file size: 0
Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.00137d15 04/22/2014 18:09:16
thread:1 rba:(0x1.2.10)
Tablespace #2 – UNDOTBS1 rel_fn:3
Creation at scn: 0x0000.000e16c0 08/24/2013 12:07:19
Backup taken at scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00 thread:0
reset logs count:0x32667641 scn: 0x0000.00137d12
prev reset logs count:0x325eb5a1 scn: 0x0000.000e2006
recovered at 04/22/2014 18:08:57
status:0x4 root dba:0x00000000 chkpt cnt: 116 ctl cnt:115
begin-hot-backup file size: 0
Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.00137d15 04/22/2014 18:09:16
3.1 推进SCN值
这里我使用的是mount状态下直接修改内存的方式
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 379965440 bytes
Fixed Size 2253464 bytes
Variable Size 171969896 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 4415488 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> select checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;
CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#
——————
1278463
1278463
1278463
1278463
1277201
查看当前数据库的SCN的值，因为这里的SCN的WRAP部分的值是0，所以我们在修改的时候，可以不用考虑WRAP值修改
SQL> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
SQL> oradebug dumpvar sga kcsgscn_
kcslf kcsgscn_ [06001AE70, 06001AEA0) = 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6001AB50 00000000
SQL> oradebug poke 0x06001AE70 4 2278463
BEFORE: [06001AE70, 06001AE74) = 00000000
AFTER: [06001AE70, 06001AE74) = 0022C43F
SQL> oradebug dumpvar sga kcsgscn_
kcslf kcsgscn_ [06001AE70, 06001AEA0) = 0022C43F 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6001AB50 00000000
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
Database altered.
SQL> recover database;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> select file#,status from v$datafile_header;
FILE# STATUS
—– —————
1 ONLINE
2 ONLINE
3 ONLINE
4 ONLINE
5 ONLINE
SQL> select count(*) from scott.htz;
COUNT(*)
———-
86272
这里看到数据文件已经正常online了，并且表中的数据能正常访问
下面是增加TEMP文件
SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/temp01.dbf’ REUSE;
Tablespace altered.
3.2 BBED的方式
BBED直接修改有一定的风险，需要对数据文件头中的KCVFH结果有所了解。
[oracle@orcl9i oradata]$ rm -rf orcl1124
[oracle@orcl9i oradata]$ mv orcl1124back orcl1124
[oracle@orcl9i oradata]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Apr 22 18:51:40 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 379965440 bytes
Fixed Size 2253464 bytes
Variable Size 171969896 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 4415488 bytes
ORA-00214: control file
‘/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl1124/control02.ctl’ version 3714
inconsistent with file ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/control01.ctl’
version 3695
SQL> !cp /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/control01.ctl /oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl1124/control02.ctl
SQL> alter database mount;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database mount;
Database altered.
SQL>
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01190: control file or data file 5 is from before the last RESETLOGS
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
SQL> select file#||’ ‘||name from v$dbfile;
FILE#||”||NAME
——————————————————————————–
5 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf
4 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/users01.dbf
3 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/undotbs01.dbf
2 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/sysaux01.dbf
1 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf
[oracle@orcl9i ~]$ bbed listfile=/tmp/datafile.txt
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 – Limited Production on Tue Apr 22 18:55:32 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED> info
File# Name Size(blks)
—– —- ———-
1 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf 0
2 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/sysaux01.dbf 0
3 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/undotbs01.dbf 0
4 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/users01.dbf 0
5 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf 0
这里我们只需要修改偏移量为112，116，120就可以，其实112这里都不需要修改，如果本来实验，112这里的值为0，是没有修改成功的。但是还是能正常打开
BBED> set mode edit
MODE Edit
BBED> assign file 5 block 1 offset 116 = file 1 block 1 offset 116;
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
ub4 kscnbas @116 0x00137d12
BBED> assign file 5 block 1 offset 120 = file 1 block 1 offset 120
ub2 kscnwrp @120 0x0000
BBED> assign file 5 block 1 offset 112 = file 1 block 1 offset 112
ub4 kcvfhbti @112 0x00000000
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 1:
current = 0xc64c, required = 0xc64c
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY – Verification starting
FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY – Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
这里我们需要做一个recover的操作，recover需要归档文件，如果归档文件不存在的时候，见3.3 BBED修改数据文件无归档日志
SQL> recover datafile 5;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
Database altered.
3.3 BBED修改数据文件无归档日志
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 379965440 bytes
Fixed Size 2253464 bytes
Variable Size 171969896 bytes
Database Buffers 201326592 bytes
Redo Buffers 4415488 bytes
SQL> CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE “ORCL1124” RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG
2 MAXLOGFILES 16
3 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
4 MAXDATAFILES 100
5 MAXINSTANCES 8
6 MAXLOGHISTORY 292
7 LOGFILE
8 GROUP 1 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo01.log’ SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
9 GROUP 2 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo02.log’ SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
10 GROUP 3 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo03.log’ SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
11 — STANDBY LOGFILE
12 DATAFILE
13 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf’,
14 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/sysaux01.dbf’,
15 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/undotbs01.dbf’,
16 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/users01.dbf’,
17 ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
18 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
19 ;
Control file created.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 offline;
Database altered.
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 1278466 generated at 04/22/2014 18:54:16 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL1124/archivelog/2014_04_22/o1_mf_1_1_%
u_.arc
ORA-00280: change 1278466 for thread 1 is in sequence #1
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf’
ORA-01112: media recovery not started
这里由于强制关闭数据库，导致异常
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
alter database open resetlogs
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf’
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 1278466 generated at 04/22/2014 18:54:16 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL1124/archivelog/2014_04_22/o1_mf_1_1_%
u_.arc
ORA-00280: change 1278466 for thread 1 is in sequence #1
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo02.log
ORA-00339: archived log does not contain any redo
ORA-00334: archived log: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo02.log’
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf’
查询当前的联机日志文件的
SQL> select group#,status from v$log;
GROUP# STATUS
———- —————-
1 UNUSED
3 CURRENT
2 UNUSED
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
ORA-00279: change 1278466 generated at 04/22/2014 18:54:16 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL1124/archivelog/2014_04_22/o1_mf_1_1_%
u_.arc
ORA-00280: change 1278466 for thread 1 is in sequence #1
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/redo01.log
Log applied.
Media recovery complete
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
数据库正常打开
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01190: control file or data file 5 is from before the last RESETLOGS
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
这里看到报错了
SQL> recover datafile 5;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-19909: datafile 5 belongs to an orphan incarnation
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
bbed修改resetlog信息
BBED> assign file 5 block 1 offset 116 = file 1 block 1 offset 116;
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
ub4 kscnbas @116 0x00138460
BBED> assign file 5 block 1 offset 120 = file 1 block 1 offset 120
ub2 kscnwrp @120 0x0000
BBED> assign file 5 block 1 offset 112 = file 1 block 1 offset 112
ub4 kcvfhrlc @112 0x3266846d
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 1:
current = 0xdca6, required = 0xdca6
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY – Verification starting
FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY – Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 5 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
这里可以看到online的时候，已经报meia recovery，需要归档日志文件
RMAN> delete archivelog all;
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=37 device type=DISK
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL1124
=====================================================================
这里删除所有的归档日志文件，其它在生产过程中我们一般都会遇到归档不存在的情况
SQL> recover database 5;
ORA-00905: missing keyword
SQL> recover datafile 5;
ORA-00279: change 1278983 generated at 04/22/2014 19:03:50 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion :
/oracle/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL1124/archivelog/2014_04_22/o1_mf_1_1_%
u_.arc
ORA-00280: change 1278983 for thread 1 is in sequence #1
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
cancel
Media recovery cancelled.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 5 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
这里由于归档日志文件丢失，所以我们只能修改数据文件 SCN值，将值更改到于system的值相当
BBED> assign file 5 offset 484 = file 1 offset 484
ub1 pad @484 0xf5
BBED> assign file 5 offset 488 = file 1 offset 488
ub1 pad @488 0x00
BBED> set file 5 block 1
FILE# 5
BLOCK# 1
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 1:
current = 0xda5e, required = 0xda5e
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY – Verification starting
FILE = /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY – Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
alter database datafile 5 online
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01113: file 5 needs media recovery
ORA-01110: data file 5: ‘/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/htz01.dbf’
SQL> recover datafile 5 ;
Media recovery complete.
SQL> alter database datafile 5 online;
Database altered.
能正常online，下面就是增加TEMP文件就可以了，见控制文件部分
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