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【爬虫系列】bs4+requests 爬取三国演绎文本

 1 import requests
 2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 3 #需求:爬取三国演义小说所有的章节标题和章节内容http://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html
 4 
 5 if __name__ == '__main__':
 6     # 对首页的页面数据进行爬取
 7     headers = {
 8         'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.71 Safari/537.36'
 9     }
10     url = 'http://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html'
11     response = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
12     response.encoding = response.apparent_encoding #设置编码为utf-8
13     print(response.encoding)
14     # Html1 = page_text.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('gbk')
15     # 在首页中解析出章节的标题和详情页的url
16     # 1.实例化BeautifulSoup对象,需要将页面源码数据加载到该对象中
17     soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,'lxml')
18     #解析章节标题和详情页的url
19     li_list = soup.select('.book-mulu > ul > li')
20     fp = open('./sanguo.txt','w',encoding='utf-8')
21     for li in li_list:
22         title = li.a.string
23         detail_url = 'http://www.shicimingju.com' + li.a['href']
24         # 对详情页发起请求,解析出章节内容
25         detail_page_res = requests.get(url=detail_url,headers=headers)
26         detail_page_res.encoding = detail_page_res.apparent_encoding #防止乱码
27         detail_page_text = detail_page_res.text
28         #解析出详情页中相关的章节内容
29         detail_soup = BeautifulSoup(detail_page_text,'lxml')
30         div_tg = detail_soup.find('div',class_='chapter_content')
31         #解析到了章节的内容
32         content = div_tg.text
33         fp.write(title + ':' + content + '\n\n')
34         print(title,'爬取成功!!!')

 

 

 

encoding是从http中的header中的charset字段中提取的编码方式,若header中没有charset字段则默认为ISO-8859-1编码模式,则无法解析中文,这是乱码的原因

apparent_encoding会从网页的内容中分析网页编码的方式,所以apparent_encoding比encoding更加准确。当网页出现乱码时可以把apparent_encoding的编码格式赋值给encoding。

posted on 2021-11-18 14:46  逐风浪子  阅读(135)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报