实验4
任务一
#include <stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define N 4 int main() { int a[N] = { 1, 9, 8, 4 }; char b[N] = { '1', '9', '8', '4' }; int i; printf("sizeof(int) = %d\n", sizeof(int)); printf("sizeof(char) = %d\n", sizeof(char)); printf("\n"); for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) printf("%p: %d\n", &a[i], a[i]); printf("\n"); for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) printf("%p: %c\n", &b[i], b[i]); printf("\n"); printf("a = %p\n", a); printf("b = %p\n", b); system("pause"); return 0; }
1.2
#include <stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define N 2 #define M 4 int main() { int a[N][M] = { {1, 9, 8, 4}, {2, 0, 2, 2} }; char b[N][M] = { {'1', '9', '8', '4'}, {'2', '0', '2', '2'} }; int i, j; for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) for (j = 0; j < M; ++j) printf("%p: %d\n", &a[i][j], a[i][j]); printf("\n"); for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) for (j = 0; j < M; ++j) printf("%p: %c\n", &b[i][j], b[i][j]); system("pause"); return 0; }
任务二
#include <stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define N 13 int days_of_year(int year, int month, int day); int main() { int year, month, day; int days; while (scanf_s("%d%d%d", &year, &month, &day) != EOF) { days = days_of_year(year, month, day); printf("%4d-%02d-%02d是这一年的第%d天.\n\n", year, month, day, days); } system("pause"); return 0; } // 函数定义 // 补足函数days_of_year的定义 int days_of_year(int year, int month, int day) { int a[13], ans, i; a[0] = 29; a[1] = 31; a[2] = 28; a[3] = 31; a[4] = 30; a[5] = 31; a[6] = 30; a[7] = 31; a[8] = 31; a[9] = 30; a[10] = 31; a[11] = 30; a[12] = 31; ans = day; if (year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0) { if (month > 2) ans++; for (i = 1; i < month; i++) ans += a[i]; } else for (i = 1; i < month; i++) ans += a[i]; return ans; }
任务三
#include <stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define N 5 void input(int x[], int n); void output(int x[], int n); double average(int x[], int n); void bubble_sort(int x[], int n); int main() { int scores[N]; double ave; printf("录入%d个分数:\n", N); input(scores, N); printf("\n输出课程分数: \n"); output(scores, N); printf("\n课程分数处理: 计算均分、排序...\n"); ave = average(scores, N); bubble_sort(scores, N); printf("\n输出课程均分: %.2f\n", ave); printf("\n输出课程分数(高->低):\n"); output(scores, N); system("pause"); return 0; } // 函数定义 // 输入n个整数保存到整型数组x中 void input(int x[], int n) { int i; for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) scanf_s("%d", &x[i]); } // 输出整型数组x中n个元素 void output(int x[], int n) { int i; for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) printf("%d ", x[i]); printf("\n"); } // 计算整型数组x中n个元素均值，并返回 double average(int x[], int n) { int i; double ans = 0; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { ans += x[i]; } return ans / n; } // 对整型数组x中的n个元素降序排序 void bubble_sort(int x[], int n) { int i, j, t; for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) for (j = 0; j < n - 1; j++) if (x[j] < x[j + 1]) { t = x[j + 1]; x[j + 1] = x[j]; x[j] = t; } }
任务四
#include <stdio.h> #define N 100 void dec2n(int x, int n); // 函数声明 int main() { int x; printf("输入一个十进制整数: "); while (scanf_s("%d", &x) != EOF) { dec2n(x, 2); // 函数调用: 把x转换成二进制输出 dec2n(x, 8); // 函数调用: 把x转换成八进制输出 dec2n(x, 16); // 函数调用: 把x转换成十六进制输出 printf("\n输入一个十进制整数: "); } return 0; } // 函数定义 // 功能: 把十进制数x转换成n进制，打印输出 void dec2n(int x, int n) { char dict[100] = { '0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F' }; char ans[N] = { '0' }; int i, k = 0; while (1) { if (x / n == 0) { i = x % n; ans[k] = dict[i]; k++; x = x / n; break; } else { i = x % n; ans[k] = dict[i]; k++; x = x / n; } } for (; k >= 0; k--) printf("%c", ans[k]); printf("\n"); }
任务五
#include <stdio.h>#define N 100void func(int x[][N], int n);void output(int x[][N], int n); int main(){ int x[N][N]; int i, j, n; printf("Enter n: "); while (scanf_s("%d", &n) != EOF) { func(x, n); output(x, n); printf("\nEnter n: "); } return 0; } void output(int x[][N], int n) { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) { for (j = 0; j < n; ++j) printf("%5d", x[i][j]); printf("\n"); } }void func(int x[][N], int n) { int i, j; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) for (j = 0; j < n; j++) if (i <= j) x[i][j] = i+1; else x[i][j] = j+1; }
任务六
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define N 80 int main() { char views1[N] = "hey, C, I have not love u yet."; char views2[N] = "hey, C, how can I love u?"; char t[N]; printf("交换前: \n"); printf("views1: %s\n", views1); printf("views2: %s\n", views2); // 交换 strcpy(t, views1); strcpy(views1, views2); strcpy(views2, t); printf("交换后: \n"); printf("views1: %s\n", views1); printf("views2: %s\n", views2); return 0; }
6.2
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define N 80 int main() { char views[2][N] = { "hey, C, I have not love u yet.", "hey, C, how can I love u?" }; char t[N]; printf("交换前: \n"); printf("views1: %s\n", views[0]); printf("views2: %s\n", views[1]); // 交换 strcpy(t, views[0]); strcpy(views[0], views[1]); strcpy(views[1], t); printf("交换后: \n"); printf("views1: %s\n", views[0]); printf("views2: %s\n", views[1]); return 0; }
任务七
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #define N 5 #define M 20 void bubble_sort(char str[][M], int n); // 函数声明 int main() { char name[][M] = { "Bob", "Bill", "Joseph", "Taylor", "George" }; int i; printf("输出初始名单:\n"); for (i = 0; i < N; i++) printf("%s\n", name[i]); printf("\n排序中...\n"); bubble_sort(name, N); // 函数调用 printf("\n按字典序输出名单:\n"); for (i = 0; i < N; i++) printf("%s\n", name[i]); return 0; } // 函数定义 // 功能：使用冒泡排序算法对二维数组str中的n个字符串按字典序排序 // 补足函数bubble_sort()实现 // ××× void bubble_sort(char str[][M], int n) { int i, j; char x[100]; for (i = 0; i < n - 1; ++i) { for (j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j) { if (strcmp(str[j], str[j + 1]) > 0) { strcpy(x, str[j]); strcpy(str[j], str[j + 1]); strcpy(str[j + 1], x); } } } }
