SSM框架——整合ssm
SSM整合
1.准备工作
新建一个普通的Maven项目
建好所有需要的架构层
向pom.xml中导入所有的依赖
<!--MyBatis相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Web相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--插件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
尝试在idea内连接数据库
2.配置MyBatis层
- 编写ORM实体类
package mycode.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
/**
* @classname
* @Author 姬如千泷
* @Date 2021/7/25 23:01
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Book {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
- 编写dao层业务接口（为简便，以一个举例）
package mycode.dao;
import mycode.pojo.Book;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @classname
* @Author 姬如千泷
* @Date 2021/7/25 23:03
* @Version 1.0
*/
public interface BookMapper {
//获取全部书籍信息
List<Book> getBooks();
}
- 编写Mapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="mycode.dao.BookMapper">
<select id="getBooks" resultType="mycode.pojo.Book">
SELECT * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
</mapper>
- 编写登录.properties文件
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&severTimezone=GMT%2B8&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
username=root
password=123456
- 编写Mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mycode/dao/BookMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
3. 配置Spring层
- 编写业务抽象接口，只是为了给代理类提供接口
package mycode.service;
import mycode.pojo.Book;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @classname
* @Author 姬如千泷
* @Date 2021/7/25 23:35
* @Version 1.0
*/
public interface BookService {
List<Book> getBooks();
}
- 编写服务代理类
package mycode.service;
import mycode.dao.BookMapper;
import mycode.pojo.Book;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @classname
* @Author 姬如千泷
* @Date 2021/7/25 23:36
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Service
public class BookImpl implements BookService{
private BookMapper mapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.mapper = bookMapper;
}
@Override
public List<Book> getBooks() {
return mapper.getBooks();
}
}
- 编写spring-dao.xml,用spring对接数据库连接
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置整合mybatis -->
<!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:resources/database.properties"/>
<!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
<!--数据库连接池
dbcp 半自动化操作 不能自动连接
c3p0 自动化操作（自动的加载配置文件 并且设置到对象里面）
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
<property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:resources/mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
<!--解释 ：https://www.cnblogs.com/jpfss/p/7799806.html-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="mycode.dao"/>
</bean>
</beans>
- 编写spring-service.xml,用spring对接dao层服务和事务
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="mycode.service" />
<!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中-->
<bean id="BookImpl" class="mycode.service.BookImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
4.配置Spring-MVC层（注解实现）
- 将maven项目升级为web项目
- 编写spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="mycode.controller" />
</beans>
- 编写applicationContext.xml整合xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
- 配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--配置DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--加载总的配置文件-->
<param-value>classpath:resources/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--mvc过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session过期时间-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
到这里基本配置就已经完成了，只需要再对接一下前端就可以了
5. 一个业务实例（取自狂神说java）
- 首页jsp页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 姬如千泷
Date: 2021/7/26
Time: 0:24
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style type="text/css">
a {
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3 {
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: deepskyblue;
border-radius: 4px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/allBook">点击进入列表页</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
- 跳转jsp页面
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: 姬如千泷
Date: 2021/7/26
Time: 0:33
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍列表</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名字</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
<tr>
<td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
<td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
<td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
- 编写控制类
package mycode.controller;
import mycode.pojo.Book;
import mycode.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @classname
* @Author 姬如千泷
* @Date 2021/7/26 0:29
* @Version 1.0
*/
@Controller
public class BookController {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookImpl")
private BookService bookService;
@RequestMapping("/allBook")//代表入口url
public String list(Model model) {
List<Book> list = bookService.getBooks();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
}
- 配置tomcat启动项目
6. 可能出现的问题
6.1 java代码变成.java不可执行文件
这说明项目的资源路径配置是存在问题的，我在开发过程中这种问题出现了不下3次，一般如果不及时处理，会报出io错误找不到xml配置文件
解决办法是重新配置资源路径
删除掉原有的资源路径配置
在新建一个即可，一般idea会重新智能匹配资源类型，如果没有自动匹配的话，重新为每一个文件选择对应类型即可
6.2 无法启动tomcat
可能是war包缺失导致，tomcat的war包是项目输出的主要包，必须提前配置好
用idea的Fix自动修复war包
或者自己新建一个war包
加入war包后，依然无法启动的话，检测out输出项目中是否含有lib目录，如果没有，则加入
将依赖全都导入进去
6.3 无法连接数据库问题（即错误中出现jdbc关键字的大部分错）
可能是由于.properties文件的编码问题导致，可以明显在错误中看到root用户名乱码
Access denied for user '姬如�泷'@'local......
解决方案一是直接不使用properties导入，明文，但这样安全系数低一些
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&severTimezone=GMT%2B8&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true"/>
<property name="user" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
解决方案二是在idea中设置Properties的编码方式，设置为和idea编码格式一致，一般是utf-8
6.4 如果报错文件指向mapper.xml，那么一般是sql语句出了错误，这时候一般会检查返回类型（如果是返回集合的话，返回值类型要设置为集合元素的类型）、参数类型（多个参数要加@Param注解等）
6.5 如果报一些资源未找到问题
先检测输出文件中有没有对应资源，如xml文件、Properties文件等，如果项目中有，而实际输出文件中没有的话，极有可能是文件被过滤了，这时候需要在pom.xml中设置文件过滤器跳过哪些文件
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
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