Ububtu之Mariadb_Galera集群

1. 环境准备

主机名	IP
mysql1	10.0.0.10
mysql2	10.0.0.11
mysql3	10.0.0.12
mysql4	10.0.0.13

• 系统

ubuntu22.04

1.1 更改主机名

• mysql1

hostnamectl set-hostname mysql1

• mysql2

hostnamectl set-hostname mysql2

• mysql3

hostnamectl set-hostname mysql3

• mysql4

hostnamectl set-hostname mysql4

1.2 配置hosts解析

• 所有节点

cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
10.0.0.10 mysql1
10.0.0.11 mysql2
10.0.0.12 mysql3
10.0.0.13 mysql4
EOF

1.3 配置apt源

• 所有节点
  • 可以根据baseurl选择版本

cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

# 加载
apt update

2. 安装软件包

• 所有节点

apt install -y mariadb-server

3. 编辑配置文件

• mysql1节点

cd /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

# 配置启动文件
vim 50-server.cnf 
[client]
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
server-id=1
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
binlog_expire_logs_seconds=604800
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=5000
connect_timeout=5
wait_timeout=600
max_allowed_packet=16M
thread_cache_size=128
sort_buffer_size=4M
bulk_insert_buffer_size=16M
tmp_table_size=32M
max_heap_table_size=32M
 
character-set-client-handshake = FALSE
character-set-server = utf8mb4
collation-server = utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'




# 配置集群文件
vim 60-galera.cnf
[galera]
wsrep_causal_reads=ON
wsrep_provider_options="gcache.size=128M"
wsrep_certify_nonPK=ON
log-bin=/data/mariadb/binlog/mysql-bin
log_slave_updates=1
query_cache_size=0
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=MGC-Cluster
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.0.0.10,10.0.0.11,10.0.0.12
wsrep_node_name=mysql1
wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.10
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
binlog_format=row  
default_storage_engine=InnoDB  
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
wsrep_slave_threads=8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_buffer_pool_size=500M

• mariadb集群文件准备（mysql1节点）

mkdir -pv /data/mariadb/binlog/

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

4. 引导 GRC 集群

• mysql1节点

# ubuntu会安装启动服务，这里需要先停止服务
systemctl stop mariadb


galera_new_cluster

• 验证（mysql1）

mysql

show status like 'wsrep%';

5. 加入集群

• mysql2节点

5.1 拷贝集群文件

scp 10.0.0.10:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

scp 10.0.0.10:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

5.2 准备集群文件

mkdir -pv /data/mariadb/binlog/

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

5.3 编辑配置文件

sed -i "s/mysql1/mysql2/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

sed -i "s/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.10/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.11/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

5.4 启动数据库并验证

• 启动数据库

systemctl restart mariadb

• 验证

mysql

show status like 'wsrep%';

5.5 拷贝集群文件

scp 10.0.0.10:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

scp 10.0.0.10:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

5.6 准备集群文件

mkdir -pv /data/mariadb/binlog/

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

5.7 编辑配置文件

sed -i "s/mysql1/mysql3/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

sed -i "s/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.10/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.12/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

5.8 启动数据库并验证

• 启动数据库

systemctl restart mariadb

• 验证

mysql

show status like 'wsrep%';

6. 验证集群同步性

• mysql1

create database t1;

• mysql2

create database t2;

• mysql3

create database t3;

• 所有节点验证
  • 如果都有t1、t2、t3库，那么成功

show databases;

7. 加入新节点

7.1 重新定义集群文件

• 编辑文件（mysql1）

cd /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

# 配置集群文件
vim 60-galera.cnf
[galera]
wsrep_causal_reads=ON
wsrep_provider_options="gcache.size=128M"
wsrep_certify_nonPK=ON
log-bin=/data/mariadb/binlog/mysql-bin
log_slave_updates=1
query_cache_size=0
wsrep_on=ON
wsrep_provider=/usr/lib/galera/libgalera_smm.so
wsrep_cluster_name=MGC-Cluster
wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.0.0.10,10.0.0.11,10.0.0.12,10.0.0.13
wsrep_node_name=mysql1
wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.10
wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2
wsrep_sst_method=rsync
binlog_format=row  
default_storage_engine=InnoDB  
innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2
wsrep_slave_threads=8
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=0
innodb_buffer_pool_size=500M

• 同步文件（mysql1）

for i in {2..4};do scp /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf root@mysql$i:/etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d;done

• mysql2编辑配置文件

sed -i "s/mysql1/mysql2/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

sed -i "s/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.10/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.11/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

systemctl restart mariadb

• mysql3编辑配置文件

sed -i "s/mysql1/mysql3/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

sed -i "s/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.10/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.12/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

systemctl restart mariadb

• mysql4编辑配置文件

sed -i "s/mysql1/mysql4/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

sed -i "s/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.10/wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.13/g" /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

• mysql4

7.2 准备集群文件

mkdir -pv /data/mariadb/binlog/

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

7.3 启动数据库并验证

• 启动数据库

systemctl restart mariadb

• 验证
  • 如果有t1、t2、t3库那么表示成功

mysql

show status like 'wsrep%';

8. 全关机恢复集群操作

• 删除mysql1上的集群缓存文件

cd /var/lib/mysql

rm -rf galera.cache

rm -rf grastate.dat

galera_new_cluster

• 其它节点正常重启即可

systemctl restart mariadb