C# WinForm中连接NI采集卡

1.1安装NI-DAQmx和新建仿真设备

1.2采集电压的代码框架
NI-DAQmx对于Microsoft .NetFramework平台，提供了NationalInstruments.Common.dll和NationalInstruments.DAQmx.dll两个动态链接库，作为第三方使用NI-DAQmx控制National Instruments DAQ设备的应用程序接口。其中NationalInstruments.Common.dll动态库位于C:\Program Files (x86)\National Instruments\Measurement Studio\DotNET\v4.0\AnyCPU\NationalInstruments.Common 19.0.40\NationalInstruments.Common.dll
NationalInstruments.DAQmx.dll动态库位于C:\Program Files (x86)\National Instruments\MeasurementStudioVS2012\DotNET\Assemblies (64-bit)\Current\NationalInstruments.DAQmx.dll。
private static AnalogMultiChannelReader reader;
private static NationalInstruments.AnalogWaveform[] data;
private NationalInstruments.DAQmx.Task mytask;
///

/// 开始数据采集
///

private void StartDataCollection()
{
lock (collectionLock)
{
try
{
cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();

         mytask = new NationalInstruments.DAQmx.Task();

         mytask.AIChannels.CreateVoltageChannel(
             "Dev1/ai1,Dev1/ai3,Dev1/ai5,Dev1/ai7",      //物理通道名称
             "",                                         //虚拟通道名称
             AITerminalConfiguration.Rse,                //输入配置:RSE
             -10, 10,                                    //测量范围(-10V--10V)
             AIVoltageUnits.Volts                        //电压单位:伏特
             );

         mytask.Timing.ConfigureSampleClock(
             "",                                         //时针源(空字符串使用内部时针)
             2000,                                       //采样率   2kHZ
             SampleClockActiveEdge.Rising,               //采样时钟边沿
             SampleQuantityMode.ContinuousSamples,       //采样模式 ContinuousSamples:连续采样  FiniteSamples:有限模式
             SAMPLES_PER_READ                            //每次读取的样本数
             );

         mytask.Control(TaskAction.Verify);

         reader = new AnalogMultiChannelReader(mytask.Stream);

         isCollecting = true;

         // 使用异步任务替代Timer
         System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Run(() => DataCollectionLoop(cancellationTokenSource.Token));
     }
     catch (DaqException exception)
     {
         BoxLogHelper.WriteLog($"初始化采集卡失败: " + exception.Message);
         MessageBox.Show("初始化采集卡失败: " + exception.Message);
         isCollecting = false;
         cancellationTokenSource?.Dispose();
     }
     catch (Exception ex)
     {
         BoxLogHelper.WriteLog($"初始化错误: " + ex.Message);
         MessageBox.Show("初始化失败: " + ex.Message);
         isCollecting = false;
         cancellationTokenSource?.Dispose();
     }
 }

}

///

/// 数据采集循环
///

///
///
private async System.Threading.Tasks.Task DataCollectionLoop(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
while (isCollecting && !cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
{
try
{
await System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Delay(50, cancellationToken); // 替代Timer的延迟

         if (!isCollecting || cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
             break;

         //ReadAndProcessData();
         // 使用异步读取方式
         await System.Threading.Tasks.Task.Run(() => ReadAndProcessData(), cancellationToken);
     }
     catch (TaskCanceledException)
     {
         // 正常取消，忽略
         break;
     }
     catch (Exception ex)
     {
         if (!cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
         {
             BoxLogHelper.WriteLog($"数据采集循环错误: {ex.Message}");
         }
         break;
     }
 }

}

///

/// 分离数据读取和处理逻辑
///

private void ReadAndProcessData()
{
if (!isCollecting) return;

 try
 {
     data = reader.ReadWaveform(SAMPLES_PER_READ);
         WriteDataToFile(data)；
 }
 catch (DaqException exception)
 {
     HandleDaqException(exception);
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
     BoxLogHelper.WriteLog($"读取数据处理错误: {ex.Message}");
 }

}