Android-Universal-Image-Loader完全解析---缓存策略
参考过的文献:
http://blog.csdn.net/xiaanming/article/details/27525741
Android-Universal-Image-Loader versionCode 40 versionName 1.9.5
http://blog.csdn.net/u012403246/article/details/46770517
ImageLoader的缓存策略分为 内存缓存和硬盘缓存
内存缓存:
LruMemoryCache
默认缓存,缓存的是bitmap的强引用,超出最大缓存后remove掉最先访问(put执行一次算一次最新访问重新排序,当前对象往后排)的对象 数据结构:LinkedHashMap<key,Bitmap>
FIFOLimitedMemoryCache
超出最大缓存后,先进先出原则,remove掉最先加入(put执行后已经存在的对象不会改变位置,直接remove掉位置0对象)的对象 数据结构:LinkedList<Bitmap>
FuzzyKeyMemoryCache
永久存储,删除模糊匹配成功的key,如一些场景高清图下载成功后删除对应的缩略图文件
LargestLimitedMemoryCache
当超过缓存限定值,先删除最大的bitmap对象
LimitedAgeMemoryCache
当超过缓存时间,删除bitmap对象
LRULimitedMemoryCache
这个也是使用的lru算法,和LruMemoryCache不同的是,他缓存的是bitmap的弱引用
UsingFreqLimitedMemoryCache
超过缓存限定值,删除使用频次最低bitmap对象
WeakMemoryCache
这个类缓存bitmap的总大小没有限制,唯一不足的地方就是不稳定,缓存的图片容易被回收掉
结构图:

分析LruMemoryCache
public class LruMemoryCache implements MemoryCache {
private final LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap> map;
private final int maxSize;
/** Size of this cache in bytes */
private int size;
/** @param maxSize Maximum sum of the sizes of the Bitmaps in this cache */
public LruMemoryCache(int maxSize) {
if (maxSize <= 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("maxSize <= 0");
}
this.maxSize = maxSize;
this.map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(0, 0.75f, true);
}
/**
* Returns the Bitmap for {@code key} if it exists in the cache. If a Bitmap was returned, it is moved to the head
* of the queue. This returns null if a Bitmap is not cached.
*/
@Override
public final Bitmap get(String key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null");
}
synchronized (this) {
return map.get(key);
}
}
/** Caches {@code Bitmap} for {@code key}. The Bitmap is moved to the head of the queue. */
@Override
public final boolean put(String key, Bitmap value) {
if (key == null || value == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null || value == null");
}
synchronized (this) {
size += sizeOf(key, value);
Bitmap previous = map.put(key, value);
if (previous != null) {
size -= sizeOf(key, previous);
}
}
trimToSize(maxSize);
return true;
}
/**
* Remove the eldest entries until the total of remaining entries is at or below the requested size.
*
* @param maxSize the maximum size of the cache before returning. May be -1 to evict even 0-sized elements.
*/
private void trimToSize(int maxSize) {
while (true) {
String key;
Bitmap value;
synchronized (this) {
if (size < 0 || (map.isEmpty() && size != 0)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(getClass().getName() + ".sizeOf() is reporting inconsistent results!");
}
if (size <= maxSize || map.isEmpty()) {
break;
}
Map.Entry<String, Bitmap> toEvict = map.entrySet().iterator().next();
if (toEvict == null) {
break;
}
key = toEvict.getKey();
value = toEvict.getValue();
map.remove(key);
size -= sizeOf(key, value);
}
}
}
/** Removes the entry for {@code key} if it exists. */
@Override
public final Bitmap remove(String key) {
if (key == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("key == null");
}
synchronized (this) {
Bitmap previous = map.remove(key);
if (previous != null) {
size -= sizeOf(key, previous);
}
return previous;
}
}
@Override
public Collection<String> keys() {
synchronized (this) {
return new HashSet<String>(map.keySet());
}
}
@Override
public void clear() {
trimToSize(-1); // -1 will evict 0-sized elements
}
/**
* Returns the size {@code Bitmap} in bytes.
* <p/>
* An entry's size must not change while it is in the cache.
*/
private int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap value) {
return value.getRowBytes() * value.getHeight();
}
@Override
public synchronized final String toString() {
return String.format("LruCache[maxSize=%d]", maxSize);
}
}
可以看到这个类中维护的是一个LinkedHashMap,在LruMemoryCache构造函数中我们可以看到,我们为其设置了一个缓存图片的最大值maxSize,并实例化LinkedHashMap, 而从LinkedHashMap构造函数的第三个参数为ture,表示它是按照访问顺序进行排序的,
我们来看将bitmap加入到LruMemoryCache的方法put(String key, Bitmap value), 第61行,sizeOf()是计算每张图片所占的byte数,size是记录当前缓存bitmap的总大小,如果该key之前就缓存了bitmap,我们需要将之前的bitmap减掉去,接下来看trimToSize()方法,我们直接看86行,如果当前缓存的bitmap总数小于设定值maxSize,不做任何处理,如果当前缓存的bitmap总数大于maxSize,删除LinkedHashMap中的第一个元素,size中减去该bitmap对应的byte数。
硬盘存储:
LruDiskCache //类似于LruMemerayCache,按照访问顺序,超过最大限制删除最先访问的文件
LimitedAgeDiskCache //按照缓存时间来排序
UnlimitedDiskCache //无限制 默认策略
如果我们在ImageLoaderConfiguration中配置了diskCacheSize和diskCacheFileCount,他就使用的是LruDiscCache,否则使用的是UnlimitedDiscCache
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