TestNG之使用构建工具（八）

在前面介绍的体系中，介绍的知识体系都是针对一个测试用例的管理以及执行，但是我们的执行更多是基于testng.xml的

配置文件而言，企业案例里面我们更多的是和maven以及ant这些构建工具来整合，以及和持续交付的平台进行整合，来完成

自动化测试的测试效率从而达到工程效率的提升。本文章中，我们主要会说到构建自动化测试工具以及构建自动化测试的过程

，和构建工具ant以及maven。所以建议先在本地搭建好ant和maven的构建工具，这些就不详细的说明构建测试工具的搭建了。

生成自动化可以定义为编写源代码的脚本和自动编译、运行、部署和打包源代码的过程。这适用于各种软件语言，无论类型

如何。每个生成工具作为生成自动化的一部分支持某些常见任务，例如清理、编译、执行、报告和发布。每个工具都有实现完成

该任务的不同方法。对于某些工具，某些任务是预定义的，但对于其他工具，提供了实用程序，用户可以使用它们手动配置它们。

这地方我们说的构建工具就只介绍下maven构建工具的使用。搭建好环境后，输入mvn，就会显示如下的信息。在开始之前，我

们先来熟悉下maven的各个组件部分，具体如下：

项目：在 Maven 中，这也定义为配置的开始，并包含与项目相关的相关依赖项和配置。
插件：它们是作为 Maven 的一部分提供的实用程序，用于实现构建过程中涉及的不同类型的步骤。
依赖项：它们用于配置项目依赖项。用户可以配置相应项目所依赖的 API、JARS 和版本。

如我们来看我们目前系统的pom.xml文件内容，内容具体如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>ngApp</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.9.9</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--WebDriver的测试框架-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.14.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

我们进入到Java项目的路径下，执行mvn test来构建执行我们的自动化测试用例，具体输出信息如下：

[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[WARNING]
[WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for org.example:ngApp:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.(groupId:artifactId)' must be unique but found duplicate declaration of plugin org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin @ line 59, column 21
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.(groupId:artifactId)' must be unique but found duplicate declaration of plugin org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin @ line 96, column 21
[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.(groupId:artifactId)' must be unique but found duplicate declaration of plugin org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin @ line 107, column 21
[WARNING]
[WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.
[WARNING]
[WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.
[WARNING]
[INFO]
[INFO] -------------------------< org.example:ngApp >--------------------------
[INFO] Building ngApp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- jacoco-maven-plugin:0.8.4:prepare-agent (default) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] argLine set to -javaagent:/Users/liwangping/.m2/repository/org/jacoco/org.jacoco.agent/0.8.4/org.jacoco.agent-0.8.4-runtime.jar=destfile=/Applications/code/workSpace/ngApp/target/jacoco.exec
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ ngApp ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ ngApp ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /Applications/code/workSpace/ngApp/src/test/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.19.1:test (default-test) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- jacoco-maven-plugin:0.8.4:report (report) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] Skipping JaCoCo execution due to missing execution data file.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  1.166 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-01-15T15:46:57+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
localhost:ngApp liwangping$ clear
localhost:ngApp liwangping$ mvn test
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -------------------------< org.example:ngApp >--------------------------
[INFO] Building ngApp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ ngApp ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ ngApp ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory /Applications/code/workSpace/ngApp/src/test/resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.14.1:test (default-test) @ ngApp ---
[INFO] Surefire report directory: /Applications/code/workSpace/ngApp/target/surefire-reports

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running TestSuite
test method executing on thread with id:12
test method executing on thread with id:11
test method executing on thread with id:13
test method executing on thread with id:13
test method executing on thread with id:12
test method executing on thread with id:11
Tests run: 6, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.276 sec

Results :

Tests run: 6, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  1.429 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-01-15T15:53:15+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

我们已成功创建一个 Maven 脚本，用于编译和运行通过 Maven 的 TestNG 测试。Maven 有一个预定义的步骤，在执行之前编译代码
测试时，我们尝试运行我们的测试。上一个屏幕截图显示了通过 Maven 生成编译和运行测试所涉及的不同步骤。插件maven-sure-plugin

用于配置和执行测试。此处，该插件用于配置 testng .xml测试和生成测试报告。插件 maven 编译器 -插件用于帮助编译代码并使用特定

的 JDK 版本进行编译。我们开始运行所有的测试用例，修改testng.xml的配置文件，运行测试包下所有的测试类里面的测试方法，testng.xml

的配置文件内容为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
        <!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
        <!--<suite name="UnitSuite">-->

<suite name="Simple Test" parallel="methods" thread-count="1">
    <test name="packageTest">
        <packages>
            <package name="test.*"></package>
        </packages>
    </test>
</suite>

再看输出的信息，如下所示：

我们再来看看naven的其他信息，具体如下：

outputdir ：用于生成报表的输出目录
parallel ：使用方法、类或测试的并行模式
threadCount ：可用于运行的线程数
timeOut：执行单个测试的最大耗时时间（毫秒）

我们可以在pom.xml里面把这些信息整合进去，新增了运行的线程数和parallel，完善后的pom.xml配置文件内容为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>ngApp</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.9.9</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--WebDriver的测试框架-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.14.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <suiteXmlFiles>
                        <suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
                    </suiteXmlFiles>
                    <threadCount>1</threadCount>
                    <parallel>tests</parallel>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

再次执行，也可以使用IDE的maven，双击test来进行执行，如下所示：

执行后IDE的控制台输出的信息，具体如下：

关于构建工具与TestNG测试框架的整合就介绍到这里，感谢您的阅读，后续会持续的介绍。

posted @ 2021-01-15 16:31 无涯(WuYa) 阅读(357) 评论(0) 收藏举报

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TestNG之使用构建工具（八）

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