7 Dockerfile定制容器镜像

7 Dockerfile定制容器镜像

7.1 Dockerfile格式

Dockerfile 一般分为四部分：基础镜像信息、维护者信息、镜像操作指令和容器启动时执行指令，’#’ 为 Dockerfile 中的注释。

7.2 Dockerfile指令

指令	描述
FROM	构建新镜像是基于哪个镜像
MAINTAINER LABEL	镜像维护者姓名或邮箱地址
RUN	构建镜像时运行的Shell命令
COPY	拷贝文件或目录到镜像中
ENV	设置环境变量
USER	为RUN、CMD和ENTRYPOINT执行命令指定运行用户
EXPOSE	声明容器运行的服务端口
HEALTHCHECK	容器中服务健康检查
WORKDIR	为RUN、CMD、ENTRYPOINT、COPY和ADD设置工作目录
ENTRYPOINT	运行容器时执行，如果有多个ENTRYPOINT指令，最后一个生效
CMD	运行容器时执行，如果有多个CMD指令，最后一个生效

7.3 Build镜像

Usage: docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -[flags]Options:

• -t, --tag list 镜像名称

• -f, --file string 指定Dockerfile文件位置

docker build .
docker build -t shykes/myapp .
docker build -t shykes/myapp -f /path/Dockerfile /path
docker build -t shykes/myapp http://www.example.com/Dockerfile

7.4 构建Nginx基础镜像

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER weirel
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make \
    openssl-devel pcre-devel gd-devel \
    iproute net-tools telnet wget curl --nogpgcheck && \
    yum clean all && \
    rm -rf /var/cache/yum/*
RUN wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.19.10.tar.gz && \
    tar zxvf nginx-1.19.10.tar.gz && \
    cd nginx-1.19.10 && \
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
    --with-http_ssl_module \
    --with-http_stub_status_module && \
    make -j 4 && make install && \
    rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/* && \
    echo "ok" >> /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html && \
    cd / && rm -rf nginx-1.12.2* && \
    ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
​
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
COPY nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

wget https://cunqi0105-1300757323.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com/configuration-file/nginx.conf

7.5 构建Tomcat基础镜像

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER weirel
​
ENV VERSION=8.5.65
​
RUN yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk wget curl unzip iproute net-tools --nogpgcheck && \
    yum clean all && \
    rm -rf /var/cache/yum/*
​
RUN wget https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.65/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.65.tar.gz && \
    tar zxf apache-tomcat-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \
    mv apache-tomcat-${VERSION} /usr/local/tomcat && \
    rm -rf apache-tomcat-${VERSION}.tar.gz /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/* && \
    mkdir /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test && \
    echo "ok" > /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/status.html && \
    sed -i '1a JAVA_OPTS="-Djava.security.egd=file:/dev/./urandom"' /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh && \
    ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
​
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/tomcat/bin
​
WORKDIR /usr/local/tomcat
​
EXPOSE 8080
CMD ["catalina.sh", "run"]

7.6 构建PHP基础镜像

FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER weirel
RUN yum -y install epel-release  --nogpgcheck && \
    yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make gd-devel libxml2-devel \
    libcurl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel openssl-devel \
    libmcrypt-devel libxslt-devel libtidy-devel autoconf \
    iproute net-tools telnet wget curl --nogpgcheck && \
    yum clean all && \
    rm -rf /var/cache/yum/*
​
RUN wget http://docs.php.net/distributions/php-7.3.7.tar.gz && \
    tar zxvf php-7.3.7.tar.gz && \
    cd php-7.3.7 && \
    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
    --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
    --enable-fpm --enable-opcache \
    --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql \
    --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-curl --with-gd \
    --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir \
    --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-hash && \
    make -j 4 && make install && \
    cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini && \
    cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
    sed -i "90a \daemonize = no" /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf && \
    mkdir /usr/local/php/log && \
    cd / && rm -rf php* && \
    ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
​
ENV PATH $PATH:/usr/local/php/sbin
COPY php.ini /usr/local/php/etc/
COPY php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
WORKDIR /usr/local/php
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["php-fpm"]

wget https://cunqi0105-1300757323.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com/configuration-file/php-fpm.conf
​
wget https://cunqi0105-1300757323.cos.ap-shanghai.myqcloud.com/configuration-file/php.ini

7.7 构建Nginx前端项目

FROM nginx
MAINTAINER weirel
COPY ./dist /usr/share/nginx/html
EXPOSE 80
ENTRYPOINT ["nginx","-s","reload"]

7.7 构建java后端项目

FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
MAINTAINER weirel
ARG JAR_FILE
COPY ${JAR_FILE} app.jar
EXPOSE 8888
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","/app.jar"]

7.8 搭建LNMP网站平台

1、自定义网络

docker network create lnmp

2、创建Mysql容器

docker run -d --name lnmp_mysql --net lnmp --mount src=mysql-vol,dst=/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -e MYSQL_DATABASE=wordpress mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8

3、创建PHP容器

docker run -d --name lnmp_php --net lnmp --mount src=wwwroot,dst=/wwwroot php:v1

4、创建Nginx容器

docker run -d --name lnmp_nginx --net lnmp -p 88:80 --mount src=wwwroot,dst=/wwwroot nginx:v1