香橙派3b在ubuntu20.04下为指定usb设备设置固定名称

先用下面这条命令查看设备信息，记得改设备名称

sudo udevadm info --attribute-walk --name=/dev/ttyCH341USB1

我的设备输出信息如下

Udevadm info starts with the device specified by the devpath and then
walks up the chain of parent devices. It prints for every device
found, all possible attributes in the udev rules key format.
A rule to match, can be composed by the attributes of the device
and the attributes from one single parent device.

  looking at device '/devices/platform/fd840000.usb/usb3/3-1/3-1:1.0/tty/ttyCH341USB1':
    KERNEL=="ttyCH341USB1"
    SUBSYSTEM=="tty"
    DRIVER==""

  looking at parent device '/devices/platform/fd840000.usb/usb3/3-1/3-1:1.0':
    KERNELS=="3-1:1.0"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb_ch341"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceNumber}=="00"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceSubClass}=="01"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceProtocol}=="02"
    ATTRS{bNumEndpoints}=="03"
    ATTRS{bInterfaceClass}=="ff"
    ATTRS{bAlternateSetting}==" 0"
    ATTRS{supports_autosuspend}=="1"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"

  looking at parent device '/devices/platform/fd840000.usb/usb3/3-1':
    KERNELS=="3-1"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="ff"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="8"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="98mA"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="8"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
    ATTRS{version}==" 1.10"
    ATTRS{devspec}=="(null)"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="80"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0264"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="0"
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
    ATTRS{product}=="USB Serial"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{devnum}=="3"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="7523"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="1"
    ATTRS{speed}=="12"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="3"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="1a86"

  looking at parent device '/devices/platform/fd840000.usb/usb3':
    KERNELS=="usb3"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="usb"
    DRIVERS=="usb"
    ATTRS{bDeviceClass}=="09"
    ATTRS{maxchild}=="1"
    ATTRS{serial}=="fd840000.usb"
    ATTRS{bConfigurationValue}=="1"
    ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d6b"
    ATTRS{busnum}=="3"
    ATTRS{devnum}=="1"
    ATTRS{tx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{rx_lanes}=="1"
    ATTRS{urbnum}=="44"
    ATTRS{version}==" 1.10"
    ATTRS{devpath}=="0"
    ATTRS{bMaxPacketSize0}=="64"
    ATTRS{removable}=="unknown"
    ATTRS{bcdDevice}=="0510"
    ATTRS{authorized_default}=="1"
    ATTRS{interface_authorized_default}=="1"
    ATTRS{configuration}==""
    ATTRS{bNumInterfaces}==" 1"
    ATTRS{idProduct}=="0001"
    ATTRS{ltm_capable}=="no"
    ATTRS{bNumConfigurations}=="1"
    ATTRS{avoid_reset_quirk}=="0"
    ATTRS{quirks}=="0x0"
    ATTRS{product}=="Generic Platform OHCI controller"
    ATTRS{authorized}=="1"
    ATTRS{bmAttributes}=="e0"
    ATTRS{bDeviceProtocol}=="00"
    ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Linux 5.10.160-rockchip-rk356x ohci_hcd"
    ATTRS{bMaxPower}=="0mA"
    ATTRS{bDeviceSubClass}=="00"
    ATTRS{speed}=="12"

  looking at parent device '/devices/platform/fd840000.usb':
    KERNELS=="fd840000.usb"
    SUBSYSTEMS=="platform"
    DRIVERS=="ohci-platform"
    ATTRS{driver_override}=="(null)"

  looking at parent device '/devices/platform':
    KERNELS=="platform"
    SUBSYSTEMS==""
    DRIVERS==""

在 /etc/udev/rules.d 下新建一个文件，名称随意，以数字开头，我设置的名称是 80-usb-serial.rules

选取上面信息的一些数据作为标识符，在文件中输入

KERNEL =="ttyCH341USB*",SUBSYSTEMS=="usb",ATTRS{idVendor}=="1a86",ATTRS{idProduct}=="7523",MODE:="0777",SYMLINK+="printer0"

"0777"是访问权限，"printer0"是重定向后的名称

随后输入命令

sudo udevadm control --reload-rules && sudo udevadm trigger

然后查看设备

ls /dev | grep "printer"