laravel5.4新特性

http://www.cnblogs.com/webskill/category/1067140.html

laravel 5.4 新特性

component and slot

使用：

1.component panel

Hello World

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Pellentesque risus mi, tempus quis placerat ut, porta nec nulla. Vestibulum rhoncus ac ex sit amet fringilla. Nullam gravida purus diam, et dictum felis venenatis efficitur. Aenean ac eleifend lacus, in mollis lectus. Donec sodales, arcu et sollicitudin porttitor, tortor urna tempor ligula, id porttitor mi magna a neque. Donec dui urna, vehicula et sem eget, facilisis sodales sem.

2.其中header和body需要传入变量

{{$title}}

{{$content}}

3.views.components.index 中 需要引用component模版panel

@component('components.panel')
@slot('title')
hello world
@endslot
@slot('content')
have a nice day
@endslot
@endcomponent

4.如果要传入默认content

panel.blade.php修改如下：

{{$title}}

{{$slot}}

index.blade.php修改如下

@component('components.panel')
@slot('title')
hello world
@endslot
have a nice day
@endcomponent

//可多来几个：

@component('components.panel')
@slot('title')
hello world
@endslot
have a nice day123
@endcomponent

5.还可以这样给默认值：title默认为laravel

panel.blade.php修改如下：

{{$title ?? 'laravel'}}

{{$slot}}

index.blade.php修改如下

@component('components.panel')
have a nice day
@endcomponent

laravel 邮件

本文使用qq邮箱

env邮件配置：

MAIL_FROM_ADDRESS = 17******92@qq.com
MAIL_FROM_NAME = listen~

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=smtp.qq.com
MAIL_PORT=465
MAIL_USERNAME=17*******2@qq.com
MAIL_PASSWORD= ****** //这个是你的qq授权码
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=ssl

1. 创建邮件类

   php artisan make:mail welcomeToMiya

2. 修改welcomeToMiya.php视图

   public function build()
   {
   return $this->view('email.welcome');
   }

3. 使用

   //发送邮件
   Route::get('/mail',function(){
   \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::to('2861166132@qq.com')->send(new \App\Mail\welcomeToLaravist());
   });

4. 传参 修改 welcomeToMiya.php

   public $user;

   public function __construct(User $user)
   {
   $this->user = $user;
   }

5. 传参 修改 web.php

   //发送邮件
   Route::get('/mail',function(){
   $user = \App\User::find(1);
   \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail::to('2861166132@qq.com')->send(new \App\Mail\welcomeToLaravist($user));
   });

发邮件还可以这样：

public function sendTo($user,$subject,$view,$data){
//也可以使用Mail::send
Mail::send($view,$data,function ($message) use ($user,$subject){
$message->to($user->email)->subject($subject);
});
}

使用sendcloud:
参考github: https://github.com/NauxLiu/Laravel-SendCloud

notification 通知

= mail篇 ### =

public function via($notifiable)
{
return ['mail'];
}

1.新建notification类

php artisan make:notification PostNotification

2.设置路由

//notification 注意默认发送到user模型中的email邮箱账号 所以要确认user邮箱可用
Route::get('/notification',function(){
$user = \App\User::find(1);
$post = \App\Post::find(2);
$user->notify(new \App\Notifications\PostNotification($post));
});

3.访问/notification 收到邮件

4.常用设置方法 PostNotification.php

public function toMail($notifiable)
{
return (new MailMessage)
->subject('A post published'.$this->post->title) //自定义主体
->success() //定义按钮颜色
->line('The introduction to the notification.')
->action('Notification Action', url('/'))
->line('Thank you for using our application!');
}

=database篇 ### =

将通知都存储在数据库里

1.修改PostNotification.php

public function via($notifiable)
{
//return ['mail'];
return ['database'];
}
2.创建notification迁移文件

php artisan notifications:table
php artisan migrate

3.PostNotification.php 中可添加 toDatabase方法 如果没写的话默认用的是toArray方法

4.修改web.php

5.查看当前用户下的notifications

6.新建一个notification

php artisan make:notification UserSubscribe

7.UserSubscribe.php 修改如下

public function via($notifiable)
{
return ['database'];
}

/**
* Get the array representation of the notification.
*
* @param mixed $notifiable
* @return array
*/
public function toArray($notifiable)
{
return [
'subscribed_at' => Carbon::now()
];
}
8.修改web.php

//notification
Route::get('/notification', function () {
$user = \App\User::find(1);
$post = \App\Post::find(2);
//$user->notify(new \App\Notifications\PostNotification($post));
$user->notify(new \App\Notifications\UserSubscribe());
});

9.再次查看当前用户的notifications

10.列出未读notifications并标识为已读

web.php

//notification
Route::get('/show-notification', function () {
return view('notifications.index');
});

//标识未读
Route::delete('user/notification',function (){
Auth::user()->unreadNotifications->markAsRead();
return redirect()->back();
});

notifications.index.blade

@extends('app')

@section('content')

我的通知：

@foreach(Auth::user()->unreadNotifications as $notification)
@include('notifications/'.snake_case( class_basename($notification->type) ))
@endforeach

{{csrf_field()}}
{{method_field('DELETE')}}

@stop

user_subscribe.blade.php

user

post_notification.blade.php

post

{{$notification->data['title']}}

标识某条已读

$user->refresh()->unreadNotifications->where('id','57bb0e0e-8d35-4da8-850b-121a5317c9b9')->first()->markAsRead();

---

总结：

database

• php artisan make:notification someNotification
• 对于需要传入的参数做修改 例如依赖模式 Post $post
• php artisan notification:table
• 获取notification $user->notifications
• 标识已读 所有的 $user->unreadNotifications->markAsRead()
  单条标识：$user->refresh()->unreadNotifications->where('id','57bb0e0e-8d35-4da8-850b-121a5317c9b9')->first()->markAsRead();

laravel 邮件使用markdown

php artisan make:mail lessonPublished --markdown="emails.published"

这个命令不仅创建了email类文件 还生成了视图文件 并把视图也写好了 return $this->markdown('emails.published'')
可根据需要修改 也可修改email markdown模版 php artisan vendor:publish

发送邮件

Route::get("sendmail",function(){
$email = new \App\Mail\LessionPublished(\App\User::first());
Mail::to(\App|User::first())->send($email);
})

toggle

toggle方法主要用于多对多关系中,attach detach 比如点赞 收藏

1.user表

2.post表 title content

3.中间表 favoriate user_id post_id

4.user中定义关系

public function favorites(){
return $this->belongsToMany(Post::class,'favoriates'); //第二个参数中间表
}

5.关联关系

做法一：

在tinker中操作

$user = App\User::find(1);
$post = App\Post::find(2);
$user->favorite()->attach($post);
查看结果：$user->refresh()->favorite

//取消收藏
$user->favorite()->detach($post);

做法二：toggle 不用去判断用户有没有收藏该文章 用户收藏了则取消收藏 反之则收藏

$user->favorite()->toggle($post);

实时facade###

1. 创建一个目录叫services
   创建一个weibo类

   <?php
   namespace App\Services;
   class weibo
   {
   protected $http;

   public function __construct(Http $http)
   {
   $this->http = $http;
   }

   public function publish($status){
   $this->http->post($status);
   }
   }

创建一个Http类

<?php
namespace App\Services;
class Http
{
public function __construct()
{
}

public function post($status){
return dd('I post a post'.$status);
}
}
路由修改

use Facades\App\Services\weibo;

//facade
Route::get('facade',function (){
weibo::publish('这是一条微博');
});
现在访问就有了："I post a post这是一条微博"

事件监听

方法一：
web.php

Event::listen('eloquent.created: App\post',function(){
dump('A post was created');
});

Route::get('/event53',function(){
\App\post::create(['title'=>'Title','content'=>'My Body']);
});

方法二：

注释掉

Event::listen('eloquent.created: App\post',function(){
dump('A post was created');
});

post模型中定义事件

<?php

namespace App;

use App\Events\PostWasPublished;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class post extends Model
{
protected $guarded = array();
protected $events = [
'created' => PostWasPublished::class
];
}

修改EventServiceProvider.php 中的$listen属性 创建事件和事件监听文件

protected $listen = [
'App\Events\PostWasPublished' => [
'App\Listeners\PostWasPublishedListener',
],
];

执行 php artisan event:generate

** 还可以依赖注入 **

App\Events\PostWasPublished.php

public $post;

public function __construct($post)
{
$this->post = $post;
}

App\Listeners\PostWasPublishedListener.php

public function handle(PostWasPublished $event)
{
dump($event->post->toArray());
}

方法三：普通路由触发event

app/Providers/EventServiceProvider.php

protected $listen = [
'App\Events\UserSignUp' => [
'App\Listeners\UserSignUpListener',
],
];

UserSignUp.php

use App\User;
public $user;
public function __construct(User $user)
{
$this->user = $user;
}

UserSignUpListener.php

public function handle(UserSignUp $event)
{
dd($event->user->name);
}

web.php

Route::get('/eventroute',function(){
$user = \App\User::find(1);
event(new \App\Events\UserSignUp($user));
});

console command

php artisan make:command hello

进入app/console/commands/hello.php

修改singniture和handle

protected $signature = 'lara:hello';

public function handle()
{
$this->info('hello my girl');
}
app/console/kernel.php $commands属性修改 添加刚才的类

App\Console\Commands\hello::class

传参：php artisan lara:hello alice

protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name＝Bool}'; //? 可有可无
protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name＝Bool}'; //? 可有可无

public function handle()
{
$this->info('hello my girl '.$this->argument('name'));
}

默认值：protected $signature = 'lara:hello{name=Bool}';

定时任务

新建一个test.sh

!/bin/bash

echo "hello world";

php test.php

test.php

this is a test for crontab

$ cronatab -e

* * * * * /var/www/test.sh 2>&1 >> /var/www/test.log

---

laravel 定时任务：

$ php artisan make:conmmand logInfo

修改 ap/console/command/logInfo.php

protected $description = 'log Info';
public function handle()
{
Log::info('It works');
}
kernel中注册 app/console/kernel.php

protected $commands = [
//
hello::class,
logInfo::class
];

/**
* Define the application's command schedule.
*
* @param \Illuminate\Console\Scheduling\Schedule $schedule
* @return void
*/
protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
{
$schedule->command('log:info')
->everyMinute();
}

$ crontab -e
* * * * * php /var/www/lara/leaning/artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1

middleware###

php artisan make:middleware isAdminMiddleware

user表增加is_admin字段 值为 Y/N

模型user.php

public function isAdmin(){
return $this->is_admin == 1;
}

修改isAdminMiddleware

public function handle($request, Closure $next)
{
info( $request->user()); //等价于 Auth::user()
if($request->user() && $request->user()->isAdmin()){
return $next($request);
}
return redirect('/');
}
web.php

Auth::loginUsingId(2);

Route::group(['prefix'=>'admin','middleware'=>'isAdmin'],function (){
Route::get('users',function (){
return 'admin only';
});
});

controller中可以这样设置

public function __construct(){
$this->middleware('admin',['only'=>['store','update']]);
}

app/Http/Kernel.php

protected $routeMiddleware = [
'isAdmin' => isAdminMiddleware::class
];
}

视图绑定变量###

app下新建一个类 Status

<?php

namespace App;

class Status
{
public function total(){
return 45;
}
}

路由以前的做法是这样

Route::get('/status',function(\App\Status $status){
return view('status',compact('status'));
});

status.blade.php

Status

{{$status->total()}}

---

模板绑定变量这样写：

路由：不传递任何变量

Route::get('/status',function(){
return view('status');
});

模板中注入变量：status.blade.php

@inject('status','App\Status')

本地化Model Factory###

tinker:

factory(User::class,5)->create() //会写库
//或
factory(User::class,5)->make() //不会写库

App/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php

use Faker\Generator as FakerGenerator;
use Faker\Factory as FakerFactory;

public function boot()
{
$this->app->singleton(FakerGenerator::class,function (){
return FakerFactory::create('zh_CN');
});
}
再次用tinker生成的数据就是中文的了

DB::table('users')->truncate() 会将user表的数据全部删除

分页###

路由：

Route::get('/lessons',function(){
$lessons = \App\Lesson::paginate(15);
return view('lessons',compact('lessons'));
});

模板

@extends('app')

@section('content')

Lessons

@foreach($lessons->chunk(3) as $row)

@foreach($row as $lesson)

{{ $lesson->title }}

{{$lesson->intro}}

@endforeach

@endforeach

{!! $lessons->render() !!}
{{ $lessons->appends(['type'=>'article'])->links('vendor.pagination.bootstrap-4') }}
@stop

分页两种方式都可以

{!! $lessons->render() !!}

造测试数据 给article分配userId###

$factory->define(\App\Article::class, function (Faker\Generator $faker) {
$userIds= \App\User::pluck('id')->toArray();
return [
'title' => $faker->sentence,
'content' => $faker->paragraph,
'user_id' => $faker->randomElements($userIds)[0]
];
});

find 可以传入 id 也可以传入数组

App\User::find([2,3])

with eager loading###

user.php

public function posts(){
return $this->hasMany(Post::class)
}

路由：获取当前用户下的所有post

这里的post只的就是对应的关系
$posts = \App\User::with('posts')->get()

多态关联###

应用场景：评论属于文章 属于lesson

php artisan make:model comment -m

comment migration

public function up()
{
Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->integer('commentable_id');
$table->string('commentable_type');
$table->text('body');
$table->timestamps();
});
}

comment.php 模型

class comment extends Model
{
public function commentable(){
return $this->morphTo();
}
}
post.php 模型

use App\comment;
class post extends Model
{
protected $guarded = array();
protected $events = [
'created' => PostWasPublished::class
];
public function comments(){
return $this->morphMany(comment::class,'commentable');
}
}
lesson.php 模型

class Lesson extends Model
{
protected $guarded = array();

public function comments(){
return $this->morphMany(comment::class,'commentable');
}
}

---

使用：

• 给某个lesson添加评论

  $lesson = App\Lesson::find(1);
  $lesson->unguard();
  $lesson->comments()->create(["body"=>"nice lesson"]);

• 通过评论来查看属于哪个post

  $comment = App\comment::find(1);
  $comment->commentable

有用的小方法###

• dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() ); //几分钟前
• Config::get('database.default');
• app('config')['database']['default']
• Hash::make('password')
• app('hash')->make('password')
• config('services')
• \Auth::login($user) //自动登录
• Auth::check() //检查是否登录
• 密码;bcrypt(str_random(16))
• model中设置 $hidden = ['title'] //有时您可能想要限制能出现在数组或 JSON 格式的属性数据，比如密码字段。只要在模型里增加 hidden 属性即可

acl权限

AuthServiceProvider.php

public function boot()
{
$this->registerPolicies();

Gate::define('show-post',function ($user,$article){
return $user->id ### $article->user_id;
});
}
controller.php 测试当前用户是否有权限（当前post的id是否是当前用户）访问当前post,如果没权限访问则报错403

public function show($id){
$article = Article::findOrFail($id);
//dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() );

//12 minits ago 如果需要中文可以
//可以在app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php的boot()方法加上：
//\Carbon\Carbon::setLocale('zh');

if(Gate::denies('show-post',$article)){
abort(403,'sorry');
};

//也可以这么写
// $this->authorize('show-post',$article);

return view('articles.show',compact('article'));
}
如果要在blade中运用 则全部注释掉

public function show($id){
$article = Article::findOrFail($id);
//dd( $article->created_at->diffForHumans() );

//12 minits ago 如果需要中文可以
//可以在app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php的boot()方法加上：
//\Carbon\Carbon::setLocale('zh');

//if(Gate::denies('show-post',$article)){
//abort(403,'sorry');
//};

//也可以这么写
// $this->authorize('show-post',$article);

return view('articles.show',compact('article'));
}

模版中使用

@extends('app')

@section('content')

{{$article->title}}

{{$article->content}}

@can('show-post',$article)
编辑
@endcan

@stop

使用policy###

policy的使用是为了更方便的创建用户权限规则 避免了在AuthServiceProvider中定义一长串的规则

php artisan make:policy ArticlePolicy

添加policy 规则：

public function editArticle($user,$article){
return $user->id ### $article->user_id;
}

AuthServiceProvider.php中注册该ArticlePolicy

protected $policies = [
'App\Article' => 'App\Policies\ArticlePolicy',
];
控制器使用：

if(Gate::denies('editArticle',$article)){
abort(403,'sorry');
};
模版中使用：

@extends('app')

@section('content')

{{$article->title}}

{{$article->content}}

@can('editArticle',$article)
编辑
@endcan

@stop

用户权限

php artisan make:model Permission
php artisan make:model Role
php artisan make:migration create_roles_table --create=roles

编辑迁移文件：

public function up()
{
Schema::create('roles', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('name');//admin.member
$table->string('label')->nullable();//注册会员
$table->timestamps();
});
Schema::create('permissions', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->increments('id');
$table->string('name');//admin.member
$table->string('label')->nullable();//注册会员
$table->timestamps();
});
Schema::create('permission_role', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->integer('permission_id')->unsigned();
$table->integer('role_id')->unsigned();

$table->foreign('permission_id')
->references('id')
->on('permissions')
->onDelete('cascade');

$table->foreign('role_id')
->references('id')
->on('roles')
->onDelete('cascade');

$table->primary(['permission_id','role_id']);
});
Schema::create('role_user', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->integer('user_id')->unsigned();
$table->integer('role_id')->unsigned();

$table->foreign('user_id')
->references('id')
->on('users')
->onDelete('cascade');

$table->foreign('role_id')
->references('id')
->on('roles')
->onDelete('cascade');

$table->primary(['user_id','role_id']);

});
}
定义关系:

• role.php

  public function permissions(){
  return $this->belongsToMany(Permission::class);
  }
  public function givePermission(Permission $permission){
  return $this->permissions()->save($permission);
  }

• permission.php

  public function roles(){
  return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
  }

• user.php

  public function roles(){
  return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
  }

  public function hasRole($role){
  //如果传入的是字符串
  if( is_string($role) ){
  return $this->roles->contains('name',$role);
  }
  //如果传入的是collection intersect 只的是 $role 和 $this->roles()有没有交集
  return !!$role->intersect( $this->roles )->count();
  }
  tinker 创建一个role 一个permission 并把permission指派给这个role

  $role->givePermission($permission)

  也可以直接

  $role->permissions()->save($permission)

  $user->roles()->save($role) 给用户分配角色
  $user->roles()->detach($role) 删除角色

authServiceProvider.php

public function boot()
{
$this->registerPolicies();

foreach ( $this->getPermission() as $permission ){
Gate::define( $permission->name,function (User $user) use($permission){
return $user->hasRole($permission->roles);
});
}
}
protected function getPermission(){
return Permission::with('roles')->get();
}

blade中这样使用：

@can('edit')
编辑edit
@endcan

service container:

class Barz{}

class Foo{
public $bar;

public function __construct(Barz $barz)
{
$this->bar = $barz;
}
}
//如果有app绑定的优先找绑定的
App::bind('Foo',function (){
dd(12);
return new Foo(new BarZ());
});
Route::get('container',function (Foo $foo){
dd($foo);
});

App绑定后路由里不再需要依赖注入

Route::get('container1',function (){
dd(app('Foo'));
});

service实战 向IOC 容器添加自己的类

• 添加一个自己的类

App\Services\Billing\Stripe.php

<?php
namespace App\Services\Billing;
class Stripe
{
public function charge(){
dd('charged') ;
}
}

• 新建一个provider

  php artisan make:provider BillingServiceProvider

• 注入服务 BillingServiceProvider.php , 注意要在app.php中注入这个provider

  public function register()
  {
  $this->app->bind('billing',function(){
  return new Stripe();
  });
  }

• 访问 两种方法均可：

  Route::get('container2',function (){
  dd(app('billing')->charge());
  });

  //或

  Route::get('container2',function (\App\Services\Billing\Stripe $stripe){
  dd($stripe->charge());
  });

结合interface

重构代码:

• 定义接口：App\Billing\BillingInterface.php
  public function charge(array $data);

• 定义类：App\Biling\PingBilling.php

  class PingBilling implements BillingInterface{
  public function charge($data){
  //todo
  }
  }

• 声明serviceprovider 把PingBilling这个类放到ioc container中 BillingServiceProvider

$this->app->bind('billing','App\Biling\PingBilling')

• app.php 添加 BillingServiceProvider

控制器中调用 app('billing')->charge($data)

=facade### =

每个facade例如 Route 类 返回的其实都是个字符串，关键是继成了Facade类, Facade有个 __callStatic 方法，在一个类中执行一个不存在的静态方法时 该方法会被触发

Facade.php

public static function __callStatic($method, $args)
{
$instance = static::getFacadeRoot();

if (! $instance) {
throw new RuntimeException('A facade root has not been set.');
}

return $instance->$method(...$args);
}

__callStatic 执行了 $instance = static::getFacadeRoot(); 生成一个实例，解析的结果是 app('mailer')

public static function getFacadeRoot()
{
//static::getFacadeAccessor() 指的就是 mailer, 这句解析的结果就是 app('mailer') 其实就是Mailer这个类，到这里就必然有个provider绑定mailer 可在provider中查找
return static::resolveFacadeInstance(static::getFacadeAccessor());
}

目标:我希望我创建一个AjaxResponse的facade，这样能直接在controller中这样使用：

\AjaxResponse::success();

返回

{
code: "0"
result: {

}
}
步骤：

• step1: 在app/Services文件夹中创建类

  <?php namespace App\Services;

  class AjaxResponse {

  protected function ajaxResponse($code, $message, $data = null)
  {
  $out = [
  'code' => $code,
  'message' => $message,
  ];

  if ($data !== null) {
  $out['result'] = $data;
  }

  return response()->json($out);
  }

  public function success($data = null)
  {
  $code = ResultCode::Success;
  return $this->ajaxResponse(0, '', $data);
  }

  public function fail($message, $extra = [])
  {
  return $this->ajaxResponse(1, $message, $extra);
  }
  }

  这个AjaxResponse是具体的实现类

• step2: 创建provider

  <?php namespace App\Providers;

  use Illuminate\Support\ServiceProvider;

  class AjaxResponseServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider {

  public function register()
  {
  $this->app->singleton('AjaxResponseService', function () {
  return new \App\Services\AjaxResponse();
  });
  }
  }
  这里我们在register的时候定义了这个Service名字为AjaxResponseService

• step3:在app/Facades文件夹中创建类

  <?php namespace App\Facades;

  use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Facade;

  class AjaxResponseFacade extends Facade {

  protected static function getFacadeAccessor() { return 'AjaxResponseService'; }

  }

• step4:好了，下面我们只需要到app.php中挂载上这两个东东就可以了

  <?php

  return [

  ...

  'providers' => [
  ...
  'App\Providers\RouteServiceProvider',

  'App\Providers\AjaxResponseServiceProvider',

  ],

  'aliases' => [
  ...

  'Validator' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator',
  'View' => 'Illuminate\Support\Facades\View',

  'AjaxResponse' => 'App\Facades\AjaxResponseFacade',

  ],

  ];

使用name和email登录

postLogin 方法：

$field = filter_var($request->input('username'), FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) ? 'email' : 'username';
$request->merge([$field => $request->get('username')]);

if(Auth::guard('admin')->attempt( $request->only($field, 'password'),
$request->remember)
){
//if successful,then intend the user to their intended location
return redirect()->intended(route('admin.dashboard'));
}else{
//if unsuccessful,then redirect back to the login with the form data
return redirect()->back()->withInput($request->only('username','remember'));
}

api

$lessons = Lesson::all();
\Response::json([
'status' => 'success',
'status_code' => 200,
'data' => $lessons->toArray()
]);

= 字段映射 ### =

$lessons = Lesson::all();
\Response::json([
'status' => 'success',
'status_code' => 200,
'data' => $this->transform($lessons->toArray())
]);

public function transform($lessons){
return array_map(function($lesson){
return [
'title' => $lesson['title'],
'content' => $lesson['body'],
'is_free' => (boolean)$lesson['free']
];
},$lessons);
}
注意 这个transform 是处理 collection的数据 all()
如果要处理elequent model 比如 Lesson::find(1)这样的数据需要这么处理transform方法,collection 用transformCollection方法：

public function transformCollection($lessons){
return array_map([$this,'transform'],$lessons);
}

public function transform($lesson){
return [
'title' => $lesson['title'],
'content' => $lesson['body'],
'is_free' => (boolean)$lesson['free']
];
}

---

= 代码重构 ### =

比如有个article也需要使用transform

• 新建一个类 App\Transformer\Transformer.php

  <?php

  namespace App\Transformer;

  abstract class Transformer
  {
  /**
  * @param $items
  * @return array
  */
  public function transformCollection($items){
  return array_map([$this,'transform'],$items);
  }

  /**
  * @param $item
  * @return mixed
  */
  public abstract function transform($item);//抽象方法不用写大括号
  }

• 新建LessonTransform 并继承Transformer类 App\Transformer\LessonTransform .php

  namespace App\Transformer;

  class LessonTransformer extends Transformer
  {
  /**
  * @param $lesson
  * @return array
  */
  public function transform($lesson){
  return [
  'title' => $lesson['title'],
  'content' => $lesson['intro']
  ];
  }
  }

• Lesson控制器中依赖注入 并调用Transformer中的方法

  protected $lessonTransformer;

  public function __construct(LessonTransformer $lessonTransformer)
  {
  $this->lessonTransformer = $lessonTransformer;
  }
  /**
  * Display a listing of the resource.
  *
  * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
  */
  public function index()
  {
  $lessons = Lesson::all();
  return \Response::json([
  'status' => 'success',
  'status_code' => 200,
  'data' => $this->lessonTransformer->transformCollection($lessons->toArray())
  ]);
  }

  public function show($id)
  {
  $lesson = Lesson::find($id);
  return \Response::json([
  'status' => 'success',
  'status_code' => 200,
  'data' => $this->lessonTransformer->transform($lesson)
  ]);
  }

= 错误提示 ### =

1.新建一个ApiController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class ApiController extends Controller
{
protected $statusCode = 200;

/**
* @return int
*/
public function getStatusCode(): int
{
return $this->statusCode;
}

/**
* @param int $statusCode
*/
public function setStatusCode(int $statusCode)
{
$this->statusCode = $statusCode;
return $this;
}
public function responseNotFound( $message = 'Not Found' ){
return $this->responseError($message);
}
private function responseError($message){
return $this->response([
'status' => 'fail',
'status_code' => $this->getStatusCode(),
'message' => $message
]);
}
public function response($data){
return \Response::json($data);
}
}

2.控制器:LessonController.php 集成ApiController.php

public function show($id)
{
$lesson = Lesson::find($id);
if( !$lesson ) {
return $this->setStatusCode(500)->responseNotFound();
}
return $this->response([
'status' => 'success',
'data' => $this->lessonTransformer->transform($lesson)
]);
}

这时候访问 transformer/2689 就会返回ApiController中的错误信息

{
"status": "fail",
"status_code": 404,
"message": "Not Found"
}

= postman禁用token ### =

app\kernel.php 注释掉verifyCsrfToken.php

api验证有三种：

= auth.basic 基础验证### =

控制器构造方法中：

public function __construct(){
$this->middleware('auth.basic'，['only'=>['store','update']]);
}

laravel 有用的小方法

[http://www.cnblogs.com/webskill/p/7463488.html ]

laravel package

1. 根目录下新建目录 packages/Laravist/Hasher/src

2. composer 自动加载 并 设置命名空间

   "autoload": {
   "classmap": [
   "database/seeds",
   "database/factories"
   ],
   "psr-4": {
   "App\": "app/",
   "Laravist\Hasher\":"package/Laravist/Hasher/src/"
   }
   },

3. src下新建一个类：Md5Hasher.php

   <?php
   namespace Laravist\Hasher;
   class Md5hasher
   {
   public function make($value,array $options = []){
   $salt = isset($options['salt']) ? $options['salt'] : '';
   return hash('md5',$value.$salt);
   }
   public function check($value,$hashvalue,array $options = []){
   $salt = isset($options['salt']) ? $options['salt'] : '';
   return hash('md5',$value.$salt) ### $hashvalue;
   }
   }

4. 加载这个类：
   php artisan make:provider Md5HashProvider 移到 src下

5. Md5HashProvider 中注册使用方法：

   public function register()
   {
   $this->app->singleton('md5hash',function (){
   return new Md5hasher();
   });
   }

6. tinker中使用

   app('md5hasher')->make('password')

自定义错误提示

resources/lang/en/validation.php

找到custom

将
'custom' => [
'attribute-name' => [
'rule-name' => 'custom-message',
],
],
改成:
'custom' => [
'name' => [
'required' => '用户名不能为空',
],
],

使用第三方插件 markdown

1. hyperDown github上 找到Parser.php app下新建文件 App\Markdown\Parser.php 注意命名空间

2. App\Markdown\Markdown.php

   <?php

   namespace App\Markdown;

   class Markdown
   {
   protected $parser;

   public function __construct(Parser $parser)
   {
   $this->parser = $parser;
   }
   public function markdown($text){
   $html = $this->parser->makeHtml($text);
   return $html;
   }
   }

   composer dump-autoload

3. 控制器中使用

   protected $markdown;
   public function __construct(Markdown $markdown)
   {
   $this->markdown = $markdown;
   $this->middleware('auth',['only'=>['create','store','edit','update']]);
   }
   public function show($id)
   {
   $discussion = Discussion::findOrFail($id);
   $html = $this->markdown->markdown($discussion->body) ;
   return view('forum.detail',compact('discussion','html'));
   }

4. view中使用

storage###

图片上传使用 storage_path('app/public') 这种的时候 默认图片上传到 storage/app/public 下面 , 需要 php artisan storage:link 链到 public目录下

模糊查询###

$topics = \App\Topic::select(['id','name'])
->where('name','like','%'.$request->query('q').'%')
->get();

helper###

App下建 Support/hellper.php

比如 Auth::guard('api')->user()->id 用的非常多，把它做成helper

helper.php

<?php

if(!!function_exists('user')){
function user($driver=null){
if ($driver){
return app('auth')->guard($driver)->user();
}
return app('auth')->user();
}
}

composer.json

"autoload": {
"files":[
"App/Support/helper.php"
],
"classmap": [
"database/seeds",
"database/factories"
],
"psr-4": {
"App\": "app/"
}
},

可直接在控制器或blade中使用 user() 或者 user('api')

with 和 wherehas###

with: 选择所有的model, 每个model 关联的translations 根据条件进行过滤,结果只有 title like $query 的translations不为空, 其他model的translations为空

return $this->model->with([
'translations' => function($q)use($query){
$q->where('title','like',"%{$query}%")
->select('product_id','title');
}
])
wherehas: 选出满足条件的 model, 不是所有的model

$this->model->whereHas('translations', function($q)use($query){
$q->where('title', 'like', "%{$query}%");
})->get();