Java发送Email/邮件(转载)
使用Java应用程序发送邮件是很简单的,需要安装JavaMail API 和Java Activation Framework (JAF) 在机器上。
-
可以从Java的标准网站上下载JavaMail(版本1.2)的最新版本。
-
可以从Java的标准网站下载最新版本的JAF(版本1.1.1)。
下载并解压缩这些文件,在新创建的顶层目录,会发现一些jar文件应用。需要添加了mail.jar和activation.jar文件在CLASSPATH中。
发送一个简单的E-mail:
下面是一个例子,从机器发送一个简单的电子邮件。这里假设你的电脑已经可以连接到互联网,并有足够的能力来发送电子邮件。
1 // File Name SendEmail.java 2 3 import java.util.*; 4 import javax.mail.*; 5 import javax.mail.internet.*; 6 import javax.activation.*; 7 8 public class SendEmail 9 { 10 public static void main(String [] args) 11 { 12 // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned. 13 String to = "abcd@gmail.com"; 14 15 // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned 16 String from = "web@gmail.com"; 17 18 // Assuming you are sending email from localhost 19 String host = "localhost"; 20 21 // Get system properties 22 Properties properties = System.getProperties(); 23 24 // Setup mail server 25 properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host); 26 27 // Get the default Session object. 28 Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties); 29 30 try{ 31 // Create a default MimeMessage object. 32 MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); 33 34 // Set From: header field of the header. 35 message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); 36 37 // Set To: header field of the header. 38 message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, 39 new InternetAddress(to)); 40 41 // Set Subject: header field 42 message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!"); 43 44 // Now set the actual message 45 message.setText("This is actual message"); 46 47 // Send message 48 Transport.send(message); 49 System.out.println("Sent message successfully...."); 50 }catch (MessagingException mex) { 51 mex.printStackTrace(); 52 } 53 } 54 }
如果想发送电子邮件给多个收件人,然后下面的方法将被用来指定多个电子邮件标识:
void addRecipients(Message.RecipientType type,Address[] addresses)throws MessagingException
这里的参数的说明:
-
type: 这将被设定为TO,CC或BCC。在这里,CC代表抄送和BCC代表黑抄送。例子Message.RecipientType.TO
-
addresses: 这是电子邮件的ID的数组。需要使用InternetAddress() 方法,同时指定电子邮件ID
Send an HTML E-mail:
下面是一个例子,从机器发送的HTML电子邮件。这里假设你的本地主机连接到互联网,并有足够的能力来发送电子邮件。
这个例子非常相似,前一个,除了在这里我们使用的是使用setContent()方法来设置内容的第二个参数是"text/html"类型指定的HTML内容被包含在消息中。
通过这个例子,可以发送大如喜欢HTML内容。
1 // File Name SendHTMLEmail.java 2 3 import java.util.*; 4 import javax.mail.*; 5 import javax.mail.internet.*; 6 import javax.activation.*; 7 8 public class SendHTMLEmail 9 { 10 public static void main(String [] args) 11 { 12 13 // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned. 14 String to = "abcd@gmail.com"; 15 16 // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned 17 String from = "web@gmail.com"; 18 19 // Assuming you are sending email from localhost 20 String host = "localhost"; 21 22 // Get system properties 23 Properties properties = System.getProperties(); 24 25 // Setup mail server 26 properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host); 27 28 // Get the default Session object. 29 Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties); 30 31 try{ 32 // Create a default MimeMessage object. 33 MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); 34 35 // Set From: header field of the header. 36 message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); 37 38 // Set To: header field of the header. 39 message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, 40 new InternetAddress(to)); 41 42 // Set Subject: header field 43 message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!"); 44 45 // Send the actual HTML message, as big as you like 46 message.setContent("<h1>This is actual message</h1>", 47 "text/html" ); 48 49 // Send message 50 Transport.send(message); 51 System.out.println("Sent message successfully...."); 52 }catch (MessagingException mex) { 53 mex.printStackTrace(); 54 } 55 } 56 }
发送附件的电子邮件:
下面是一个例子与附件从机器发送电子邮件。这里假设你的本地主机连接到互联网,并有足够的能力来发送电子邮件。
1 // File Name SendFileEmail.java 2 3 import java.util.*; 4 import javax.mail.*; 5 import javax.mail.internet.*; 6 import javax.activation.*; 7 8 public class SendFileEmail 9 { 10 public static void main(String [] args) 11 { 12 13 // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned. 14 String to = "abcd@gmail.com"; 15 16 // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned 17 String from = "web@gmail.com"; 18 19 // Assuming you are sending email from localhost 20 String host = "localhost"; 21 22 // Get system properties 23 Properties properties = System.getProperties(); 24 25 // Setup mail server 26 properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host); 27 28 // Get the default Session object. 29 Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties); 30 31 try{ 32 // Create a default MimeMessage object. 33 MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); 34 35 // Set From: header field of the header. 36 message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); 37 38 // Set To: header field of the header. 39 message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, 40 new InternetAddress(to)); 41 42 // Set Subject: header field 43 message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!"); 44 45 // Create the message part 46 BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); 47 48 // Fill the message 49 messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body"); 50 51 // Create a multipar message 52 Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); 53 54 // Set text message part 55 multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); 56 57 // Part two is attachment 58 messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); 59 String filename = "file.txt"; 60 DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename); 61 messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source)); 62 messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename); 63 multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); 64 65 // Send the complete message parts 66 message.setContent(multipart ); 67 68 // Send message 69 Transport.send(message); 70 System.out.println("Sent message successfully...."); 71 }catch (MessagingException mex) { 72 mex.printStackTrace(); 73 } 74 } 75 }
用户认证部分:
如果需要提供用户ID和密码的电子邮件服务器进行身份验证的目的,那么可以按如下方法设置这些属性:
1 props.setProperty("mail.user", "myuser"); 2 props.setProperty("mail.password", "mypwd");
邮件发送机制的其余部分将继续如上面所述。
本文转载自:http://www.yiibai.com/java/java_sending_email.html