四、PyQt5 之 对话框
""" 对话框： QDialog QMessageBox: 消息对话框 QColorDialog: 颜色对话框 QFileDialog: 文件对话框 QFontDialog: 字体对话框 QInputDialog：获取用户输入的对话框 """
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * class QDialogDemo(QMainWindow): def __init__(self): super(QDialogDemo, self).__init__() self.initUI() def initUI(self): self.setWindowTitle("Qdialog案例") self.resize(300, 200) self.button = QPushButton(self) self.button.setText("弹出对话框") self.button.move(50, 50) self.button.clicked.connect(self.showDialog) def showDialog(self): dialog = QDialog() button = QPushButton("确定", dialog) # 点击自动关闭dialog button.clicked.connect(dialog.close) button.move(50, 50) dialog.setWindowTitle("对话框") # 采用模式对话框形式（模态对话框）,原窗口不能适应 dialog.setWindowModality(Qt.ApplicationModal) # 显示对话框 dialog.exec() if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = QDialogDemo() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- """ 消息对话框： QMessageBox 1. 关于对话框 2. 错误对话框 3. 警告对话框 4. 提问对话框 5. 消息对话框 有2点差异 1. 显示的对话框的图标可能不同 2. 显示的按钮不一样 """ import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * class QMessageBoxDemo(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(QMessageBoxDemo, self).__init__() self.initUI() def initUI(self): self.setWindowTitle("QMessageBox按钮") self.resize(300, 400) layout = QVBoxLayout() self.button1 = QPushButton() self.button1.setText("显示关于对话框") self.button1.clicked.connect(self.showDialog) self.button2 = QPushButton() self.button2.setText("显示消息对话框") self.button2.clicked.connect(self.showDialog) self.button3 = QPushButton() self.button3.setText("显示警告对话框") self.button3.clicked.connect(self.showDialog) self.button4 = QPushButton() self.button4.setText("显示错误对话框") self.button4.clicked.connect(self.showDialog) self.button5 = QPushButton() self.button5.setText("显示提问对话框") self.button5.clicked.connect(self.showDialog) layout.addWidget(self.button1) layout.addWidget(self.button2) layout.addWidget(self.button3) layout.addWidget(self.button4) layout.addWidget(self.button5) self.setLayout(layout) def showDialog(self): text = self.sender().text() if text == "显示关于对话框": QMessageBox.about(self, "关于", "这是一个关于对话框") if text == "显示消息对话框": # QMessageBox.information(self, 对话框标题， 对话框内筒， 确认， 取消， 默认选中), 返回的是Yes/No的返回值 reply = QMessageBox.information(self, "消息", "这是一个消息对话框", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes) if reply == QMessageBox.Yes: print("Yes") if text == "显示警告对话框": QMessageBox.warning(self, "警告", "这是一个警告对话框", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes) if text == "显示错误对话框": QMessageBox.critical(self, "错误", "这是一个错误对话框", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes) if text == "显示提问对话框": QMessageBox.question(self, "提问", "这是一个提问对话框", QMessageBox.Yes | QMessageBox.No, QMessageBox.Yes) if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = QMessageBoxDemo() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- """ 输入对话框： QInputDialog QInputDialog.getItem : 用来显示输入的列表（元组） QInputDialog.getText : 用来显示输入的文本 QInputDialog.getInt : 用来显示输入的数字 """ import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * class QInputDialogDemo(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(QInputDialogDemo, self).__init__() self.initUI() def initUI(self): self.setWindowTitle("输入对话框") # 创建表单布局 layout = QFormLayout() self.button1 = QPushButton("获取列表中的选项") self.button1.clicked.connect(self.getItem) self.lineEdit1 = QLineEdit() layout.addRow(self.button1, self.lineEdit1) self.button2 = QPushButton("获取字符串") self.button2.clicked.connect(self.getText) self.lineEdit2 = QLineEdit() layout.addRow(self.button2, self.lineEdit2) self.button3 = QPushButton("获取整数") self.button3.clicked.connect(self.getInt) self.lineEdit3 = QLineEdit() layout.addRow(self.button3, self.lineEdit3) self.setLayout(layout) def getItem(self): items = ("C", "C++", "Python", "Java") item, ok = QInputDialog.getItem(self, "请选择编程语言", "语言列表", items) if ok and item: self.lineEdit1.setText(item) def getText(self): text, ok = QInputDialog.getText(self, "文本输入框", "输入姓名") if ok and text: self.lineEdit2.setText(text) def getInt(self): num, ok = QInputDialog.getInt(self, "整数输入框", "输入数字") if ok and num: self.lineEdit3.setText(str(num)) if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = QInputDialogDemo() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * class QFontDialogDemo(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(QFontDialogDemo, self).__init__() self.initUI() def initUI(self): self.setWindowTitle("QFontDialog") layout = QVBoxLayout() self.fontButton = QPushButton("选择字体") self.fontButton.clicked.connect(self.getFont) layout.addWidget(self.fontButton) self.fontLabel = QLabel("Hello World!") layout.addWidget(self.fontLabel) self.setLayout(layout) def getFont(self): font, ok = QFontDialog.getFont() if ok: self.fontLabel.setFont(font) if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = QFontDialogDemo() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * class QColorDialogDemo(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(QColorDialogDemo, self).__init__() self.initUI() def initUI(self): self.setWindowTitle("QColorDialog") layout = QVBoxLayout() self.colorButton = QPushButton("设置字体颜色") self.colorButton.clicked.connect(self.getColor) layout.addWidget(self.colorButton) self.colorButton1 = QPushButton("设置背景颜色") self.colorButton1.clicked.connect(self.getBGColor) layout.addWidget(self.colorButton1) self.colorLabel = QLabel("Hello World!") layout.addWidget(self.colorLabel) self.setLayout(layout) def getColor(self): color = QColorDialog.getColor() # 设置文字颜色 p = QPalette() p.setColor(QPalette.WindowText, color) # 设置调色板颜色 self.colorLabel.setPalette(p) def getBGColor(self): color = QColorDialog.getColor() p = QPalette() p.setColor(QPalette.Window, color) # 设置自动填充 self.colorLabel.setAutoFillBackground(True) self.colorLabel.setPalette(p) if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = QColorDialogDemo() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import sys from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtGui import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * class QFileDialogDemo(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(QFileDialogDemo, self).__init__() self.initUI() def initUI(self): layout = QVBoxLayout() self.button1 = QPushButton("加载图片") self.button1.clicked.connect(self.loadImage) layout.addWidget(self.button1) self.imageLabel1 = QLabel() layout.addWidget(self.imageLabel1) self.button2 = QPushButton("加载文本文件") self.button2.clicked.connect(self.loadText) layout.addWidget(self.button2) self.contents = QTextEdit() layout.addWidget(self.contents) self.setLayout(layout) self.setWindowTitle("文件对话框演示") def loadImage(self): # self, 操作名称， 当前路径， 过滤条件， 返回值一个是文件名， 一个是否被点击了 fname, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "打开文件", ".", "图像文件(*.jpg, *.png)") self.imageLabel1.setPixmap(QPixmap(fname)) def loadText(self): dialog = QFileDialog() # 允许打开任何模式的文件 dialog.setFileMode(QFileDialog.AnyFile) # 选择文件 dialog.setFilter(QDir.Files) # 打开成功 if dialog.exec(): filenames = dialog.selectedFiles() f = open(filenames[0], encoding="utf-8", mode="r") with f: # 自动关闭文件 data = f.read() self.contents.setText(data) if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) main = QFileDialogDemo() main.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())
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