BaimuTemplate 之 前后台分离

前后台分离有很多种方式，其中在教科书中常见的是area去区分，但是这样主程序会显得很臃肿，下面提供的方法是nop中所使用的，该系列文章基本上就是分解了nop项目，把知识点应用在自己的baimuTemplate中。

1、新建一个mvc项目，取名叫“btp.web”

2、新建一个mvc项目，取名叫“adminitration”，项目路径建在btp.web中

3、修改项目administration名称为“btp.admin”，该步主要是为了名字统一，比较好看一些。

4、修改btp.admin下面所有的命名空间，并修改属性的命名空间

5、修改btp.admin项目属性，修改BIn文件的输出路径

6、在btp.admin根目录新建AdminAreaRegistration，代码如下：

public class AdminAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration {
        public override string AreaName {
            get {
                return "Admin";
            }
        }

        public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) {
            context.MapRoute(
                "Admin_default",
                "Admin/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", area = "Admin", id = "" },
                new[] { "Btp.Admin.Controllers" }
            );
        }
    }

7、修改btp.web和btp.admin下面的路由配置，增加namespace

8、写一个视图引擎ThemeableVirtualPathProviderViewEngine ：

public abstract class ThemeableVirtualPathProviderViewEngine : VirtualPathProviderViewEngine {
        #region Fields

        internal Func<string, string> GetExtensionThunk;

        private readonly string[] _emptyLocations = null;

        #endregion

        #region Ctor

        protected ThemeableVirtualPathProviderViewEngine() {
            GetExtensionThunk = new Func<string, string>(VirtualPathUtility.GetExtension);
        }

        #endregion

        #region Utilities

        protected virtual string GetPath(ControllerContext controllerContext, string[] locations, string[] areaLocations, string locationsPropertyName, string name, string controllerName, string theme, string cacheKeyPrefix, bool useCache, out string[] searchedLocations) {
            searchedLocations = _emptyLocations;
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(name)) {
                return string.Empty;
            }
            string areaName = GetAreaName(controllerContext.RouteData);

            //little hack to get nop's admin area to be in /Administration/ instead of /Nop/Admin/ or Areas/Admin/
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(areaName) && areaName.Equals("admin", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)) {
                var newLocations = areaLocations.ToList();
                newLocations.Insert(0, "~/Administration/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml");
                newLocations.Insert(0, "~/Administration/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml");
                areaLocations = newLocations.ToArray();
            }

            bool flag = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(areaName);
            List<ViewLocation> viewLocations = GetViewLocations(locations, flag ? areaLocations : null);
            if (viewLocations.Count == 0) {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, "Properties cannot be null or empty.", new object[] { locationsPropertyName }));
            }
            bool flag2 = IsSpecificPath(name);
            string key = this.CreateCacheKey(cacheKeyPrefix, name, flag2 ? string.Empty : controllerName, areaName, theme);
            if (useCache) {
                var cached = this.ViewLocationCache.GetViewLocation(controllerContext.HttpContext, key);
                if (cached != null) {
                    return cached;
                }
            }
            if (!flag2) {
                return this.GetPathFromGeneralName(controllerContext, viewLocations, name, controllerName, areaName, theme, key, ref searchedLocations);
            }
            return this.GetPathFromSpecificName(controllerContext, name, key, ref searchedLocations);
        }

        protected virtual bool FilePathIsSupported(string virtualPath) {
            if (this.FileExtensions == null) {
                return true;
            }
            string str = this.GetExtensionThunk(virtualPath).TrimStart(new[] { '.' });
            return this.FileExtensions.Contains(str, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
        }

        protected virtual string GetPathFromSpecificName(ControllerContext controllerContext, string name, string cacheKey, ref string[] searchedLocations) {
            string virtualPath = name;
            if (!this.FilePathIsSupported(name) || !this.FileExists(controllerContext, name)) {
                virtualPath = string.Empty;
                searchedLocations = new[] { name };
            }
            this.ViewLocationCache.InsertViewLocation(controllerContext.HttpContext, cacheKey, virtualPath);
            return virtualPath;
        }

        protected virtual string GetPathFromGeneralName(ControllerContext controllerContext, List<ViewLocation> locations, string name, string controllerName, string areaName, string theme, string cacheKey, ref string[] searchedLocations) {
            string virtualPath = string.Empty;
            searchedLocations = new string[locations.Count];
            for (int i = 0; i < locations.Count; i++) {
                string str2 = locations[i].Format(name, controllerName, areaName, theme);
                if (this.FileExists(controllerContext, str2)) {
                    searchedLocations = _emptyLocations;
                    virtualPath = str2;
                    this.ViewLocationCache.InsertViewLocation(controllerContext.HttpContext, cacheKey, virtualPath);
                    return virtualPath;
                }
                searchedLocations[i] = str2;
            }
            return virtualPath;
        }

        protected virtual string CreateCacheKey(string prefix, string name, string controllerName, string areaName, string theme) {
            return string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, ":ViewCacheEntry:{0}:{1}:{2}:{3}:{4}:{5}", new object[] { base.GetType().AssemblyQualifiedName, prefix, name, controllerName, areaName, theme });
        }

        protected virtual List<ViewLocation> GetViewLocations(string[] viewLocationFormats, string[] areaViewLocationFormats) {
            var list = new List<ViewLocation>();
            if (areaViewLocationFormats != null) {
                list.AddRange(areaViewLocationFormats.Select(str => new AreaAwareViewLocation(str)).Cast<ViewLocation>());
            }
            if (viewLocationFormats != null) {
                list.AddRange(viewLocationFormats.Select(str2 => new ViewLocation(str2)));
            }
            return list;
        }

        protected virtual bool IsSpecificPath(string name) {
            char ch = name[0];
            if (ch != '~') {
                return (ch == '/');
            }
            return true;
        }

        protected virtual string GetCurrentTheme() {
            return "DefaultClean";
        }

        protected virtual string GetAreaName(RouteData routeData) {
            object obj2;
            if (routeData.DataTokens.TryGetValue("area", out obj2)) {
                return (obj2 as string);
            }
            return GetAreaName(routeData.Route);
        }

        protected virtual string GetAreaName(RouteBase route) {
            var area = route as IRouteWithArea;
            if (area != null) {
                return area.Area;
            }
            var route2 = route as Route;
            if ((route2 != null) && (route2.DataTokens != null)) {
                return (route2.DataTokens["area"] as string);
            }
            return null;
        }

        protected virtual ViewEngineResult FindThemeableView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewName, string masterName, bool useCache) {
            string[] strArray;
            string[] strArray2;
            if (controllerContext == null) {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("controllerContext");
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(viewName)) {
                throw new ArgumentException("View name cannot be null or empty.", "viewName");
            }
            var theme = GetCurrentTheme();
            string requiredString = controllerContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller");
            string str2 = this.GetPath(controllerContext, this.ViewLocationFormats, this.AreaViewLocationFormats, "ViewLocationFormats", viewName, requiredString, theme, "View", useCache, out strArray);
            string str3 = this.GetPath(controllerContext, this.MasterLocationFormats, this.AreaMasterLocationFormats, "MasterLocationFormats", masterName, requiredString, theme, "Master", useCache, out strArray2);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(str2) && (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(str3) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(masterName))) {
                return new ViewEngineResult(this.CreateView(controllerContext, str2, str3), this);
            }
            if (strArray2 == null) {
                strArray2 = new string[0];
            }
            return new ViewEngineResult(strArray.Union(strArray2));

        }

        protected virtual ViewEngineResult FindThemeablePartialView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialViewName, bool useCache) {
            string[] strArray;
            if (controllerContext == null) {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("controllerContext");
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(partialViewName)) {
                throw new ArgumentException("Partial view name cannot be null or empty.", "partialViewName");
            }
            var theme = GetCurrentTheme();
            string requiredString = controllerContext.RouteData.GetRequiredString("controller");
            string str2 = this.GetPath(controllerContext, this.PartialViewLocationFormats, this.AreaPartialViewLocationFormats, "PartialViewLocationFormats", partialViewName, requiredString, theme, "Partial", useCache, out strArray);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str2)) {
                return new ViewEngineResult(strArray);
            }
            return new ViewEngineResult(this.CreatePartialView(controllerContext, str2), this);

        }

        protected override bool FileExists(ControllerContext controllerContext, string virtualPath) {
            return BuildManager.GetObjectFactory(virtualPath, false) != null;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Methods

        public override ViewEngineResult FindView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewName, string masterName, bool useCache) {
            ViewEngineResult result = FindThemeableView(controllerContext, viewName, masterName, useCache);
            return result;

        }

        public override ViewEngineResult FindPartialView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialViewName, bool useCache) {
            ViewEngineResult result = FindThemeablePartialView(controllerContext, partialViewName, useCache);
            return result;
        }

        #endregion
    }

    public class AreaAwareViewLocation : ViewLocation {
        public AreaAwareViewLocation(string virtualPathFormatString)
            : base(virtualPathFormatString) {
        }

        public override string Format(string viewName, string controllerName, string areaName, string theme) {
            return string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, _virtualPathFormatString, viewName, controllerName, areaName, theme);
        }
    }

    public class ViewLocation {
        protected readonly string _virtualPathFormatString;

        public ViewLocation(string virtualPathFormatString) {
            _virtualPathFormatString = virtualPathFormatString;
        }

        public virtual string Format(string viewName, string controllerName, string areaName, string theme) {
            return string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, _virtualPathFormatString, viewName, controllerName, theme);
        }
    }

以及ThemeableRazorViewEngine：

public class ThemeableRazorViewEngine : ThemeableVirtualPathProviderViewEngine {
        public ThemeableRazorViewEngine() {
            AreaViewLocationFormats = new[]
                                           {
                                              //themes
                                              "~/Areas/{2}/Themes/{3}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                              "~/Areas/{2}/Themes/{3}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
                                              
                                              //default
                                              "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                              "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
                                          };

            AreaMasterLocationFormats = new[]
                                            {
                                                //themes
                                                "~/Areas/{2}/Themes/{3}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                                "~/Areas/{2}/Themes/{3}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",


                                                //default
                                                "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                                "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
                                            };

            AreaPartialViewLocationFormats = new[]
                                                 {
                                                     //themes
                                                    "~/Areas/{2}/Themes/{3}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                                    "~/Areas/{2}/Themes/{3}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
                                                    
                                                    //default
                                                    "~/Areas/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                                    "~/Areas/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
                                                 };

            ViewLocationFormats = new[]
                                      {
                                            //themes
                                            "~/Themes/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                            "~/Themes/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",

                                            //default
                                            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",

                                            //Admin
                                            "~/Administration/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                            "~/Administration/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
                                      };

            MasterLocationFormats = new[]
                                        {
                                            //themes
                                            "~/Themes/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                            "~/Themes/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", 

                                            //default
                                            "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                            "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml"
                                        };

            PartialViewLocationFormats = new[]
                                             {
                                                 //themes
                                                "~/Themes/{2}/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                                "~/Themes/{2}/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",

                                                //default
                                                "~/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                                "~/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml", 

                                                //Admin
                                                "~/Administration/Views/{1}/{0}.cshtml",
                                                "~/Administration/Views/Shared/{0}.cshtml",
                                             };

            FileExtensions = new[] { "cshtml" };
        }

        protected override IView CreatePartialView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string partialPath) {
            IEnumerable<string> fileExtensions = base.FileExtensions;
            return new RazorView(controllerContext, partialPath, null, false, fileExtensions);
        }

        protected override IView CreateView(ControllerContext controllerContext, string viewPath, string masterPath) {
            IEnumerable<string> fileExtensions = base.FileExtensions;
            return new RazorView(controllerContext, viewPath, masterPath, true, fileExtensions);
        }
    }

并且在global中启动

　　　　　　　//remove all view engines
            ViewEngines.Engines.Clear();
            //except the themeable razor view engine we use
            ViewEngines.Engines.Add(new ThemeableRazorViewEngine());

9、修改btp.admin的views下面的_ViewStart.cshtml，

@{
    Layout = "~/Administration/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}

好了，这样就把前后台分离开了。但是发布项目的时候，前后台是在一起的，输入xx/admin就可以进入后台，但是编程的时候，是两个独立的项目