Centos7安装MariaDB(mysql)

1、安装MariaDB：

A.安装命令：

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

B.启动MariaDB

systemctl start mariadb

C.设置开机启动

systemctl enable mariadb

D.MariaDB的相关简单配置

mysql_secure_installation

首先是设置密码，会提示先输入密码,初次运行直接回车

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
Set root password? [Y/n]   是否输入root用户的密码，输入Y
New password:  输入root用户密码
Re-enter new password:   再次确认root密码

3.其他配置：

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，回车
 
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,回车,
 
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，回车
 
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，回车

4.初始化MariaDB完成，接下来测试登录

mysql -u root -p

2、配置MariaDB的字符集：

打开文件 /etc/my.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf

在[mysqld]标签下添加

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci 
skip-character-set-client-handshake

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf

在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

vi /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf

在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

全部配置完成，重启mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb

之后进入MariaDB查看字符集

mysql> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";

显示为：

+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client    | utf8                      |
| character_set_connection | utf8                      |
| character_set_database  | utf8                      |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                    |
| character_set_results    | utf8                      |
| character_set_server    | utf8                      |
| character_set_system    | utf8                      |
| character_sets_dir      | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value          |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_database  | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_server    | utf8_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

字符集配置完成。

数据库的建立和导入数据：

#登陆
mysql -u用户名    -p密码
 
#导入数据
mysql> create database abc;      # 创建数据库
mysql> use abc;                  # 使用已创建的数据库 
mysql> set names utf8;           # 设置编码
mysql> source /home/abc/abc.sql  # 导入备份数据库