Spring Cloud 集成Seata分布式事务（Seata+Nacos+OpenFeign）
环境搭建
Nacos搭建
最新版本快速搭建 使用Mysql模式
Nacos直接启动即可。控制台默认账号密码是nacos/nacos，Mysql账户密码有两个 root/root 和 nacos/nacos。
Seata搭建
Seata版本1.5.0 快速搭建
Seata1.5.0版本直接是一个SpringBoot项目，下载后修改application.yml 文件中注册中心、配置中心、存储模式配置。参考resources/application.example.yml 文件 ，修改后如下
server:
port: 7091
spring:
application:
name: seata-server
logging:
config: classpath:logback-spring.xml
file:
path: ${user.home}/logs/seata
extend:
logstash-appender:
destination: 127.0.0.1:4560
kafka-appender:
bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092
topic: logback_to_logstash
console:
user:
username: seata
password: seata
seata:
config:
# support: nacos, consul, apollo, zk, etcd3
type: file
registry:
# support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa
type: nacos
nacos:
application: seata-server
server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
namespace:
group: SEATA_GROUP
cluster: default
username: nacos
password: nacos
##if use MSE Nacos with auth, mutex with username/password attribute
#access-key: ""
#secret-key: ""
store:
# support: file 、 db 、 redis
mode: db
db:
datasource: druid
db-type: mysql
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata?rewriteBatchedStatements=true
user: root
password: root
min-conn: 5
max-conn: 100
global-table: global_table
branch-table: branch_table
lock-table: lock_table
distributed-lock-table: distributed_lock
query-limit: 100
max-wait: 5000
# server:
# service-port: 8091 #If not configured, the default is '${server.port} + 1000'
security:
secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017
tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000
ignore:
urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-fe/public/**,/api/v1/auth/login
创建seata数据库，执行脚本建表
-- -------------------------------- The script used when storeMode is 'db' --------------------------------
-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`status` TINYINT NOT NULL,
`application_id` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
`transaction_name` VARCHAR(128),
`timeout` INT,
`begin_time` BIGINT,
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
KEY `idx_status_gmt_modified` (`status` , `gmt_modified`),
KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`branch_type` VARCHAR(8),
`status` TINYINT,
`client_id` VARCHAR(64),
`application_data` VARCHAR(2000),
`gmt_create` DATETIME(6),
`gmt_modified` DATETIME(6),
PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
`row_key` VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
`xid` VARCHAR(128),
`transaction_id` BIGINT,
`branch_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
`resource_id` VARCHAR(256),
`table_name` VARCHAR(32),
`pk` VARCHAR(36),
`status` TINYINT NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '0:locked ,1:rollbacking',
`gmt_create` DATETIME,
`gmt_modified` DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
KEY `idx_status` (`status`),
KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`),
KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `distributed_lock`
(
`lock_key` CHAR(20) NOT NULL,
`lock_value` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
`expire` BIGINT,
primary key (`lock_key`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8mb4;
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('AsyncCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryCommitting', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('RetryRollbacking', ' ', 0);
INSERT INTO `distributed_lock` (lock_key, lock_value, expire) VALUES ('TxTimeoutCheck', ' ', 0);
启动seata-server，控制台登录页面如下，账号密码为seata/seata。
项目搭建
业务背景
用户购买商品的业务逻辑。整个业务逻辑由3个微服务提供支持：
- 仓储服务：对给定的商品扣除仓储数量。
- 订单服务：根据采购需求创建订单。
- 帐户服务：从用户帐户中扣除余额。
架构
业务表创建
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_account
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_account`;
CREATE TABLE `t_account`
(
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`user_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`amount` double(14, 2
) DEFAULT '0.00',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_account
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_account`
VALUES ('1', '1', '4000.00');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_order
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_order`;
CREATE TABLE `t_order`
(
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`order_no` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`user_id` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`commodity_code` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`count` int(11) DEFAULT '0',
`amount` double(14, 2
) DEFAULT '0.00',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=64 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_order
-- ----------------------------
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_stock
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_stock`;
CREATE TABLE `t_stock`
(
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`commodity_code` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
`count` int(11) DEFAULT '0',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `commodity_code` (`commodity_code`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_stock
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_stock`
VALUES ('1', 'C201901140001', '水杯', '1000');
-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for undo_log
-- 注意此处0.3.0+ 增加唯一索引 ux_undo_log
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `undo_log`;
CREATE TABLE `undo_log`
(
`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
`xid` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
`context` varchar(128) NOT NULL,
`rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
`log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
`log_created` datetime NOT NULL,
`log_modified` datetime NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
UNIQUE KEY `ux_undo_log` (`xid`,`branch_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- ----------------------------
-- Records of undo_log
-- ----------------------------
SET
FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=1;
服务创建
业务服务
以order服务为例，引入依赖、配置参数、提供创建订单接口。
-
pom.xml文件中引入依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> -
application.properties配置参数
server.port=81 spring.application.name=order spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848 spring.cloud.nacos.username=nacos spring.cloud.nacos.password=nacos spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata_samples?allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&allowMultiQueries=true spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=root mybatis-plus.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml mybatis-plus.configuration.log-impl=org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl -
提供创建订单接口
@RequestMapping("/add") public void add(String userId, String commodityCode, Integer count, BigDecimal amount) { Order order = new Order(); order.setOrderNo(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); order.setUserId(userId); order.setAmount(amount); order.setCommodityCode(commodityCode); order.setCount(count); orderService.save(order); }
聚合服务
business服务远程调用仓储、订单、帐户服务，完成下单流程。
-
pom.xml文件中引入依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> -
application.properties配置参数
server.port=80 spring.application.name=business spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848 spring.cloud.nacos.username=nacos spring.cloud.nacos.password=nacos spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata_samples?allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&allowMultiQueries=true spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=root service.disableGlobalTransaction=false # 连接超时时间 ribbon.ConnectTimeout=3000 # 响应超时时间 ribbon.ReadTimeout=5000 -
声明account、stock、order的feign接口。
@FeignClient(value = "account") public interface AccountFeign { @RequestMapping("/account/reduce") public void reduce(@RequestParam("userId") String userId, @RequestParam("amount") BigDecimal amount); }@FeignClient(value = "order") public interface OrderFeign { @RequestMapping("/order/add") public void add(@RequestParam("userId") String userId, @RequestParam("commodityCode") String commodityCode, @RequestParam("count") Integer count, @RequestParam("amount") BigDecimal amount); }@FeignClient(value = "stock") public interface StockFeign { @RequestMapping("/stock/deduct") public void deduct(@RequestParam("commodityCode") String commodityCode, @RequestParam("count") Integer count); } -
全局事务开启，调用feign接口
@Autowired private OrderFeign orderFeign; @Autowired private StockFeign stockFeign; @Autowired private AccountFeign accountFeign; @GlobalTransactional @RequestMapping("/toOrder") public void toOrder(String userId, String commodityCode, Integer count, BigDecimal amount) { accountFeign.reduce(userId, amount); stockFeign.deduct(commodityCode, count); orderFeign.add(userId, commodityCode, count, amount); }
测试验证
当前资金账户4000，库存1000，模拟用户购买商品2000个，消费4000，业务调用后，数据库数据状态应该如下：
- 用户资金满足4000，数据库更新用户资金为0。
- 商品库存不满足2000个，异常。
- business服务提交全局回滚。
- 资金服务回滚操作，更新资金为4000。
验证：
-
浏览器输入地址请求访问http://127.0.0.1/business/toOrder?userId=1&commodityCode=C201901140001&count=2000&amount=4000
-
account、stock服务日志观察。
![在这里插入图片描述]()
![在这里插入图片描述]()
-
数据库数据依然为原始状态。
![在这里插入图片描述]()
注意事项
-
Seata1.5版本的mysql驱动是5.7，需要为8，在libs文件夹删除mysql-connector-java-5.xx.jar，替换mysql-connector-java-8.xx.jar即可
-
Spring Boot &Spring Cloud&Spring Cloud Alibaba版本兼容问题
Spring Cloud Alibaba版本说明
![在这里插入图片描述]()
-
druid和数据驱动版本兼容
通过druid仓库版本查看各依赖版本说明![在这里插入图片描述]()
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