12.vlan与三层交换机

1.vlan分割广播域（物理分割和逻辑分割）

（使用vlan进行分割，分为两个广播域）其vlan优势是（控制广播、增强网络安全性、简化网络管理）

2.静态vlan的配置，vlan的范围

3.一个交换机配置vlan

一个交换机配置两个vlan，两个广播域，每一个广播域可以单独通信

3.1实验拓扑

3.2配置四台计算机ip

Switch>en
Switch#
Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)#vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)#exit
Switch#sh vl br
Switch#sh vl br

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
                                                Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
                                                Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
                                                Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
                                                Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
                                                Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
                                                Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10   VLAN0010                         active    
20   VLAN0020                         active    
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active 


Switch(config)#int range f0/1-10
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access 
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10
Switch(config-if-range)#end

Switch(config)#int range f0/11-20
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport mode access 
Switch(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 20
Switch(config-if-range)#end

Switch#sh vl br

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
                                                Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10   VLAN0010                         active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
                                                Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
                                                Fa0/9, Fa0/10
20   VLAN0020                         active    Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
                                                Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
                                                Fa0/19, Fa0/20
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active    

pc0：f0/1-----pc1：f0/8--------pc2：f0/16---------pc3：f0/20

vlan10：f0/1--10      vlan20：f0/11--20

pc0和pc1可以通信，pc2和pc3可以互相通信，pc0和pc2不能通信（同意vlan下可以通信）

4.两个交换机之间创建不同的广播域

两台交换机之间的配置

第一台交换机配置
Switch>en
Switch#
Switch#conf t 
Switch(config)#vl 10
Switch(config-vlan)#vl 20
Switch(config-vlan)#end
Switch#

Switch#sh vl br

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
                                                Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
                                                Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
                                                Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
                                                Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
                                                Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
                                                Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10   VLAN0010                         active    
20   VLAN0020                         active    
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active    

Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#int range f0/1-9

Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo ac
Switch(config-if-range)#sw ac vl 10
Switch(config-if-range)#int range f0/11-20
Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo ac
Switch(config-if-range)#sw ac vl 20
Switch(config-if-range)#end 

Switch#sh vl br

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/10, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
                                                Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10   VLAN0010                         active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
                                                Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
                                                Fa0/9
20   VLAN0020                         active    Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
                                                Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
                                                Fa0/19, Fa0/20
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active    






第二台交换机配置
Switch>
Switch>
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#vl 10
Switch(config-vlan)#vl 20
Switch(config-vlan)#end
Switch#
Switch#sh vl br

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
                                                Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
                                                Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12
                                                Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
                                                Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
                                                Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
                                                Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10   VLAN0010                         active    
20   VLAN0020                         active    
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active    

Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#int range f0/1-9
Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo ac
Switch(config-if-range)#sw ac vl 10
Switch(config-if-range)#int range f0/11-20
Switch(config-if-range)#sw mo ac
Switch(config-if-range)#sw ac vl 20
Switch(config-if-range)#end 

Switch#
Switch#sh vl br

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/10, Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
                                                Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10   VLAN0010                         active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
                                                Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
                                                Fa0/9
20   VLAN0020                         active    Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
                                                Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
                                                Fa0/19, Fa0/20
1002 fddi-default                     active    
1003 token-ring-default               active    
1004 fddinet-default                  active    
1005 trnet-default                    active    

4.1两台交换机之间配置trunk，才能使两台交换机之间的pc间才能通信

第一台交换机配置trunk
Switch#conf t

Switch(config)#
Switch(config)#int g0/2
Switch(config-if)#
Switch(config-if)#sw mo tr

第二台交换机配置trunk

Switch#en 
Switch#conf t
Switch(config)#int g0/1
Switch(config-if)#sw mo tr