【转载】通过ConfigurationSection来轻松地加载配置文件
2010-05-06 11:37 Virus-BeautyCode 阅读(1177) 评论(0) 收藏 举报原文地址：通过ConfigurationSection来轻松地加载配置文件
最近写了一段自定义的ConfigurationSection继承类，通过该class可以轻松得定义和读取配置文件信息，
注意这里使用的是c# 2.0来实现的，相比1.1必须通过实现IConfigurationSectionHandler接口来自定义配置节点类方便多了
不论是web.config还是app.config，都可以使用ConfigurationManager类加载配置文件中自定义的节点内容。
以下是配置文件的层次结构:
1
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
2<configuration>
3 <configSections>
4 <section name="orders" type="ConsoleTest.OrdersSection, ConsoleTest"/>
5 </configSections>
6 <orders companyID="2001">
7 <order number="100001" amount="222.22">
8 <lineItems warehouseNumber="02">
9 <lineItem number="00-000-001" description="wii"/>
10 </lineItems>
11 </order>
12 <order number="300001" amount="33.33">
13 <lineItems warehouseNumber="99">
14 <lineItem number="00-000-001" description="xbox 360"/>
15 <lineItem number="00-000-003" description="playstation 3"/>
16 </lineItems>
17 </order>
18 </orders>
19</configuration>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>2
<configuration>3
<configSections>4
<section name="orders" type="ConsoleTest.OrdersSection, ConsoleTest"/>5
</configSections>6
<orders companyID="2001">7
<order number="100001" amount="222.22">8
<lineItems warehouseNumber="02">9
<lineItem number="00-000-001" description="wii"/>10
</lineItems>11
</order>12
<order number="300001" amount="33.33">13
<lineItems warehouseNumber="99">14
<lineItem number="00-000-001" description="xbox 360"/>15
<lineItem number="00-000-003" description="playstation 3"/>16
</lineItems>17
</order>18
</orders>19
</configuration>
注意order和lineItem节点都是允许重复出现的
以下是继承自ConfigurationSection的自定义配置节点类：
1public class OrdersSection : ConfigurationSection
2
{
3
[ConfigurationProperty("companyID", IsRequired = true)]
4 public string CompanyID
5
{
6 get
7 {
8 return (string)base["companyID"];
9
}
10 set
11 {
12 base["companyID"] = value;
13 }
14 }
15
16 [ConfigurationProperty("", IsDefaultCollection = true)]
17 public OrderElementCollection Orders
18 {
19 get
20 {
21 return (OrderElementCollection)base[""];
22 }
23 }
24
}
25
26 public class OrderElementCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection
27 {
28 protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
29 {
30 return new OrderElement();
31 }
32 protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
33 {
34 return ((OrderElement)element).Number;
35 }
36
37 public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType
38 {
39 get
40 {
41 return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap;
42 }
43 }
44 protected override string ElementName
45 {
46 get
47 {
48 return "order";
49 }
50 }
51
52 public OrderElement this[int index]
53 {
54 get
55 {
56 return (OrderElement)BaseGet(index);
57 }
58 set
59 {
60 if (BaseGet(index) != null)
61 {
62 BaseRemoveAt(index);
63 }
64 BaseAdd(index, value);
65 }
66 }
67 }
68
69 public class OrderElement : ConfigurationElement
70 {
71 [ConfigurationProperty("number", IsRequired = true)]
72 public string Number
73 {
74 get
75 {
76 return (string)base["number"];
77 }
78 set
79 {
80 base["number"] = value;
81 }
82 }
83
84 [ConfigurationProperty("amount", IsRequired = true)]
85 public double Amount
86 {
87 get
88 {
89 return (double)base["amount"];
90 }
91 set
92 {
93 base["amount"] = value;
94 }
95 }
96
97 [ConfigurationProperty("lineItems", IsDefaultCollection = true)]
98 public LineItemElementCollection LineItems
99 {
100 get
101 {
102 return (LineItemElementCollection)base["lineItems"];
103 }
104 }
105 }
106
107 public class LineItemElementCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection
108 {
109 [ConfigurationProperty("warehouseNumber", IsRequired = true)]
110 public string WarehouseNumber
111 {
112 get
113 {
114 return (string)base["warehouseNumber"];
115 }
116 set
117 {
118 base["warehouseNumber"] = value;
119 }
120 }
121
122 protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()
123 {
124 return new LineItemElement();
125 }
126 protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)
127 {
128 return ( (LineItemElement)element ).Number;
129 }
130
131 public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType
132 {
133 get
134 {
135 return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap;
136 }
137 }
138 protected override string ElementName
139 {
140 get
141 {
142 return "lineItem";
143 }
144 }
145
146 public LineItemElement this[int index]
147 {
148 get
149 {
150 return (LineItemElement)BaseGet(index);
151 }
152 set
153 {
154 if (BaseGet(index) != null)
155 {
156 BaseRemoveAt(index);
157 }
158 BaseAdd(index, value);
159 }
160 }
161 }
162
163 public class LineItemElement : ConfigurationElement
164 {
165 [ConfigurationProperty("number", IsKey=true, IsRequired = true)]
166 public string Number
167 {
168 get
169 {
170 return (string)base["number"];
171 }
172 set
173 {
174 base["number"] = value;
175 }
176 }
177
178 [ConfigurationProperty("description", IsRequired = true)]
179 public string Description
180 {
181 get
182 {
183 return (string)base["description"];
184 }
185 set
186 {
187 base["description"] = value;
188 }
189 }
190 }
public class OrdersSection : ConfigurationSection2
{
3
[ConfigurationProperty("companyID", IsRequired = true)]4
public string CompanyID5
{
6
get7
{8
return (string)base["companyID"];9
}10
set11
{12
base["companyID"] = value;13
}14
}15
16
[ConfigurationProperty("", IsDefaultCollection = true)]17
public OrderElementCollection Orders18
{19
get20
{21
return (OrderElementCollection)base[""];22
}23
}24
}25
26
public class OrderElementCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection27
{28
protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()29
{30
return new OrderElement();31
}32
protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)33
{34
return ((OrderElement)element).Number;35
}36
37
public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType38
{39
get40
{41
return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap;42
}43
}44
protected override string ElementName45
{46
get47
{48
return "order";49
}50
}51
52
public OrderElement this[int index]53
{54
get55
{56
return (OrderElement)BaseGet(index);57
}58
set59
{60
if (BaseGet(index) != null)61
{62
BaseRemoveAt(index);63
}64
BaseAdd(index, value);65
}66
}67
}68
69
public class OrderElement : ConfigurationElement70
{71
[ConfigurationProperty("number", IsRequired = true)]72
public string Number73
{74
get75
{76
return (string)base["number"];77
}78
set79
{80
base["number"] = value;81
}82
}83
84
[ConfigurationProperty("amount", IsRequired = true)]85
public double Amount86
{87
get88
{89
return (double)base["amount"];90
}91
set92
{93
base["amount"] = value;94
}95
}96
97
[ConfigurationProperty("lineItems", IsDefaultCollection = true)]98
public LineItemElementCollection LineItems99
{100
get101
{102
return (LineItemElementCollection)base["lineItems"];103
}104
}105
}106
107
public class LineItemElementCollection : ConfigurationElementCollection108
{109
[ConfigurationProperty("warehouseNumber", IsRequired = true)]110
public string WarehouseNumber111
{112
get113
{114
return (string)base["warehouseNumber"];115
}116
set117
{118
base["warehouseNumber"] = value;119
}120
}121
122
protected override ConfigurationElement CreateNewElement()123
{124
return new LineItemElement();125
}126
protected override object GetElementKey(ConfigurationElement element)127
{128
return ( (LineItemElement)element ).Number;129
}130
131
public override ConfigurationElementCollectionType CollectionType132
{133
get134
{135
return ConfigurationElementCollectionType.BasicMap;136
}137
}138
protected override string ElementName139
{140
get141
{142
return "lineItem";143
}144
}145
146
public LineItemElement this[int index]147
{148
get149
{150
return (LineItemElement)BaseGet(index);151
}152
set153
{154
if (BaseGet(index) != null)155
{156
BaseRemoveAt(index);157
}158
BaseAdd(index, value);159
}160
}161
}162
163
public class LineItemElement : ConfigurationElement164
{165
[ConfigurationProperty("number", IsKey=true, IsRequired = true)]166
public string Number167
{168
get169
{170
return (string)base["number"];171
}172
set173
{174
base["number"] = value;175
}176
}177
178
[ConfigurationProperty("description", IsRequired = true)]179
public string Description180
{181
get182
{183
return (string)base["description"];184
}185
set186
{187
base["description"] = value;188
}189
}190
}
原文地址：使用 ConfigurationSection 创建自定义配置节
我们可以通过用自己的 XML 配置元素来扩展标准的 ASP.NET 配置设置集,要完成这一功能，我们必须实现继承System.Configuration.ConfigurationSection 类来实现自定义配置节，在1.0中当然也可以通过IconfigurationSectionHandler 接口创建自定义配置节！这里我们主要学一下通过ConfigurationSection类来实现简单的配置处理程序.
先看一下在web.config文件中的配置情况，在这里有两个元素，第一个mysection,有两个属性user,password,第二个也有两个属性element1,和element2。配置比较简单。
<!--//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////--> <configSections> <sectionGroup name="mygroup"> <section name="mysection" type="ConfigSection" allowDefinition="Everywhere" allowLocation="true"/> </sectionGroup> </configSections> <!--//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////--> <mygroup> <mysection user="用户" password="密码"> <element element1="属性1" element2="属性2"></element> </mysection> </mygroup>
理解配置文件结构后，我们就需要用继承自System.Configuration.ConfigurationSection的基类来实现简单的配置类ConfigSection,在2.0中，我们只需要这一个类就能实现完成配置，下面请看代码：
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
/// <summary>
/// ConfigSection 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class ConfigSection:ConfigurationSection
{
public ConfigSection()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
[ConfigurationProperty("user",DefaultValue="yanghong",IsRequired=true)]
public string User
{
get { return (string)this["user"]; }
set { this["user"] = value; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("password",DefaultValue="password",IsRequired=true)]
public string PassWord
{
get { return (string)this["password"]; }
set { this["password"] = value; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("element")]
public elementinfo Element
{
get { return (elementinfo)this["element"]; }
set {this["element"] = value; }
}
}
public class elementinfo : ConfigurationElement
{
public elementinfo() { }
[ConfigurationProperty("element1", DefaultValue = "element1", IsRequired = true)]
public string Element1
{
get { return (string)this["element1"]; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("element2",DefaultValue="element2",IsRequired=true)]
public string Element2
{
get { return (string)this["element2"]; }
}
}
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
/// <summary>
/// ConfigSection 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class ConfigSection:ConfigurationSection
{
public ConfigSection()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
[ConfigurationProperty("user",DefaultValue="yanghong",IsRequired=true)]
public string User
{
get { return (string)this["user"]; }
set { this["user"] = value; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("password",DefaultValue="password",IsRequired=true)]
public string PassWord
{
get { return (string)this["password"]; }
set { this["password"] = value; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("element")]
public elementinfo Element
{
get { return (elementinfo)this["element"]; }
set {this["element"] = value; }
}
}
public class elementinfo : ConfigurationElement
{
public elementinfo() { }
[ConfigurationProperty("element1", DefaultValue = "element1", IsRequired = true)]
public string Element1
{
get { return (string)this["element1"]; }
}
[ConfigurationProperty("element2",DefaultValue="element2",IsRequired=true)]
public string Element2
{
get { return (string)this["element2"]; }
}
}
通过下面的代码就可以获得在配置文件中设置的值了
ConfigSection config = (ConfigSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("mygroup/mysection"); Response.Write("用户名:"+config.User.ToString() + "密码:" + config.PassWord.ToString() + "元素属性:" + config.Element.Element1.ToString() + config.Element.Element2.ToString());
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