CCNA复习：交换机基本操作

实验目标

  • 掌握跨交换机主机通信
  • 不同vlan间通信-单臂路由
  • 端口安全限制
  • 虚拟vlanif端口通信
  • 端口捆绑
  • 生成树配置

一 跨交换机主机通信

sw1交换机配置

#trunk配置
Router(config)#int f0/0
Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config)#int f0/1
Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config)#int f0/2
Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config)#int f0/15
Router(config-if)#switchport mode trunk


#创建3个vlan  100，200，300，3台主机分别放在这3个vlan上
sw1#vlan database
sw1(vlan)#vlan 100 name sales_sw1
VLAN 100 added:
    Name: sales_sw1
sw1(vlan)#vlan 200 name it_sw2
VLAN 200 added:
    Name: it_sw2
sw1(vlan)#vlan 300 name hr_sw3
VLAN 300 added:
    Name: hr_sw3
sw1(vlan)#
sw1(config)#int f0/0
sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access
sw1(config-if)#switchport acc vlan 100
sw1(config-if)#int f0/1
sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access
sw1(config-if)#switchport acc vlan 200

sw1(config-if)#int f0/2
sw1(config-if)#switchport mode access
sw1(config-if)#switchport acc vlan 300
sw1(config-if)#


#查看配置
sw1#show vlan-sw

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6
                                                Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10
                                                Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
100  sales_sw1                        active    Fa0/0
200  it_sw2                           active    Fa0/1
300  hr_sw3                           active    Fa0/2
1002 fddi-default                     active
1003 token-ring-default               active
1004 fddinet-default                  active
1005 trnet-default                    active

VLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1    enet  100001     1500  -      -      -        -    -        1002   1003
100  enet  100100     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0
200  enet  100200     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0
300  enet  100300     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0
1002 fddi  101002     1500  -      -      -        -    -        1      1003
1003 tr    101003     1500  1005   0      -        -    srb      1      1002
1004 fdnet 101004     1500  -      -      1        ibm  -        0      0

VLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1005 trnet 101005     1500  -      -      1        ibm  -        0      0
sw1#

sw2交换机配置


Router(config)#int f0/0
Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config)#int f0/1
Router(config-if)#no shut


Router(config)#int f0/2
Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config)#int f0/15
Router(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

sw2(vlan)#vlan 100 name sale_sw2
VLAN 100 modified:
    Name: sale_sw2
sw2(vlan)#vlan 200 name it_sw2
VLAN 200 modified:
    Name: it_sw2
sw2(vlan)#vlan 300 name hr_sw2
VLAN 300 added:
    Name: hr_sw2


sw2(config-if)##int f0/0
sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access
sw2(config-if)#
sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 100

sw2(config-if)#int f0/1
sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access
sw2(config-if)#switchport acc
sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 200
sw2(config-if)#

sw2(config-if)#int f0/2
sw2(config-if)#switc
sw2(config-if)#switchport mode access
sw2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 300
sw2(config-if)#

#查看已经创建成功了
sw2#show vlan-s

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6
                                                Fa0/7, Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10
                                                Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
100  sale_sw2                         active    Fa0/0
200  it_sw2                           active    Fa0/1
300  hr_sw2                           active    Fa0/2
1002 fddi-default                     active
1003 token-ring-default               active
1004 fddinet-default                  active
1005 trnet-default                    active

VLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1    enet  100001     1500  -      -      -        -    -        1002   1003
100  enet  100100     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0
200  enet  100200     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0
300  enet  100300     1500  -      -      -        -    -        0      0
1002 fddi  101002     1500  -      -      -        -    -        1      1003
1003 tr    101003     1500  1005   0      -        -    srb      1      1002
1004 fdnet 101004     1500  -      -      1        ibm  -        0      0

VLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1005 trnet 101005     1500  -      -      1        ibm  -        0      0

pc1001上ping pc1002

#注意，没有配置多个vlan的时候，由于都在一个默认van下，所以可以ping通
Router#ping 192.168.1.12

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.12, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/30/36 ms
Router#


#查看vlan信息
sw1#show vlan-switch

VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/0, Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3
                                                Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7
                                                Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11
                                                Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
1002 fddi-default                     active
1003 token-ring-default               active
1004 fddinet-default                  active
1005 trnet-default                    active

VLAN Type  SAID       MTU   Parent RingNo BridgeNo Stp  BrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1    enet  100001     1500  -      -      -        -    -        1002   1003
1002 fddi  101002     1500  -      -      -        -    -        1      1003
1003 tr    101003     1500  1005   0      -        -    srb      1      1002
1004 fdnet 101004     1500  -      -      1        ibm  -        0      0
1005 trnet 101005     1500  -      -      1        ibm  -        0      0
sw1#

二 不同vlan间通信-单臂路由

2.1 sw1交换机配置

sw1(config)#int f0/14
sw1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
sw1(config-if)#

sw1#show int f0/14 trunk

Port      Mode         Encapsulation  Status        Native vlan
Fa0/14    on           802.1q         trunking      1

Port      Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/14    1-1005

Port      Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/14    1,100,200,300

Port      Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/14    1,100,200,300
sw1#

2.2 路由器配置

#配置路由子接口信息
R9(config)#int f0/0
R9(config)#no shut
R9(config-if)#inter f0/0.100
R9(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 100
R9(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0
R9(config-subif)#no shut
R9(config-subif)#inter f0/0.200
R9(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 200
R9(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.2.100 255.255.255.0
R9(config-subif)#no shut
R9(config-subif)#inter f0/0.300
R9(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 300
R9(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.3.100 255.255.255.0
R9(config-subif)#no shut

3.3 验证结果

Router#ping 192.168.2.21

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.21, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 76/86/108 ms
Router#ping 192.168.3.31

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.3.31, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 60/79/104 ms
Router#


#注意：如果使用gns3模拟，交换机要关闭，及路由表要为空
no ip routing
sw1#show ip route
Default gateway is not set

Host               Gateway           Last Use    Total Uses  Interface
ICMP redirect cache is empty
sw1#
posted @ 2023-02-01 09:17  菜熊熊  阅读(85)  评论(0)    收藏  举报