PAT (Advanced Level) 1124~1127:1124模拟 1125优先队列 1126欧拉通路 1127中序后序求Z字形层序遍历

1124 Raffle for Weibo Followers(20 分)

题意:微博抽奖,有M个人,标号为1~M。从第S个人开始,每N个人可以获奖,但是已获奖的人不能重复获奖,需要跳过该人把机会留给下一个人。如果没有得奖的输出“Keep going...”。

分析:按题意模拟即可。cnt表示当前的人距离上一个获奖的人间隔的人数。若cnt==N表示当前人可以获奖,若该人已获奖,可将cnt--,继续判断下一个人。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<set>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
map<string, int> mp;
int main(){
    int M, N, S;
    scanf("%d%d%d", &M, &N, &S);
    bool ok = false;
    int cnt = 0;
    string s;
    for(int i = 1; i <= M; ++i){
        ++cnt;
        cin >> s;
        if(i == S){
            mp[s] = 1;
            cout << s <<endl;
            ok = true;
            cnt = 0;
        }
        if(ok && cnt == N){
            if(!mp.count(s)){
                mp[s] = 1;
                cnt = 0;
                cout << s << endl;
            }
            else{
                --cnt;
            }
        }
    }
    if(!ok) printf("Keep going...\n");
    return 0;
}
1125 Chain the Ropes(25 分)

题意:将n段绳子连接成一段,每次连接只能两段相连组成新的一段,且新的一段的长度是原来两段长度和的一半,问n段绳子能连接成的最长长度,要求答案下取整。

分析:每次取最短的两段绳子相连,优先队列实现。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<set>
#include<cmath>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
priority_queue<double, vector<double>, greater<double> > q;
int main(){
    int N, x;
    scanf("%d", &N);
    while(N--){
        scanf("%d", &x);
        q.push((double)x);
    }
    while(q.size() > 1){
        double top1 = q.top();
        q.pop();
        double top2 = q.top();
        q.pop();
        q.push((top1 + top2) / 2);
    }
    printf("%d\n", (int)q.top());
    return 0;
}
1126 Eulerian Path(25 分)

题意:给定一个无向图,判断是Eulerian,Semi-Eulerian还是Non-Eulerian,并输出每个点的度数。

分析:

1、在一个连通图中若每个结点度数都是偶数,则一定含有欧拉回路,称为Eulerian;

2、在一个连通图中若只有两个结点度数是奇数,则一定含有欧拉通路,且该通路分别从其中一个度数为奇数的点出发,到达另一个度数为奇数的点,称为Semi-Eulerian。

3、因为Eulerian和Semi-Eulerian的前提是连通图,所以首先用并查集判连通。若不连通,则为Non-Eulerian,注意此时要输出每个点的度数。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<set>
#include<cmath>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 500 + 10;
vector<int> G[MAXN];
vector<int> ans;
set<int> st;
int fa[MAXN];
int Find(int x){
    return fa[x] = (x == fa[x]) ? x : Find(fa[x]);
}
int main(){
    int N, M;
    scanf("%d%d", &N, &M);
    for(int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) fa[i] = i;
    int x, y;
    for(int i = 0; i < M; ++i){
        scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
        G[x].push_back(y);
        G[y].push_back(x);
        int tmpx = Find(x);
        int tmpy = Find(y);
        if(tmpx < tmpy) fa[tmpy] = tmpx;
        else fa[tmpx] = tmpy;
    }
    for(int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) st.insert(Find(i));
    int cnt = 0;
    for(int i = 1; i <= N; ++i){
        int len = G[i].size();
        ans.push_back(len);
        if(len % 2 == 1) ++cnt;
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i){
        if(i) printf(" ");
        printf("%d", ans[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    if(st.size() != 1){
        printf("Non-Eulerian\n");
    }
    else{
        if(cnt == 0){
            printf("Eulerian\n");
        }
        else if(cnt == 2){
            printf("Semi-Eulerian\n");
        }
        else{
            printf("Non-Eulerian\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
1127 ZigZagging on a Tree(30 分)

题意:已知二叉树的中序遍历和后序遍历,求Z字形的层序遍历。即,若根结点为第1层,则偶数层从左到右遍历,奇数层从右到左遍历。

分析:离散化树的结点。递归建树,bfs层序遍历的同时,记录点的层数,然后输出Z字形遍历的结果。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cstdlib>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<set>
#include<cmath>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 30 + 10;
map<int, int> mp;
int a[MAXN], inorder[MAXN], postorder[MAXN];
int lchild[MAXN], rchild[MAXN];
int cnt;
vector<pair<int, int> > tmp;
vector<int> ans;
int getId(int x){
    if(mp.count(x)) return mp[x];
    a[++cnt] = x;
    return mp[x] = cnt;
}
int build(int iL, int iR, int pL, int pR, int root){
    if(iL > iR) return 0;
    int id = iL;
    while(inorder[id] != root) ++id;
    int num = id - iL;
    root = getId(root);
    lchild[root] = build(iL, id - 1, pL, pL + num - 1, postorder[pL + num - 1]);
    rchild[root] = build(id + 1, iR, pL + num, pR - 1, postorder[pR - 1]);
    return root;
}
void bfs(int st){
    queue<int> x, deep;
    x.push(st);
    deep.push(1);
    tmp.push_back(pair<int, int>(st, 1));
    while(!x.empty()){
        int tmpx = x.front();
        int tmpdeep = deep.front();
        x.pop();
        deep.pop();
        if(lchild[tmpx]){
            x.push(lchild[tmpx]);
            deep.push(tmpdeep + 1);
            tmp.push_back(pair<int, int>(lchild[tmpx], tmpdeep + 1));
        }
        if(rchild[tmpx]){
            x.push(rchild[tmpx]);
            deep.push(tmpdeep + 1);
            tmp.push_back(pair<int, int>(rchild[tmpx], tmpdeep + 1));
        }
    }
}
int main(){
    int N;
    scanf("%d", &N);
    for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i){
        scanf("%d", &inorder[i]);
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < N; ++i){
        scanf("%d", &postorder[i]);
    }
    build(0, N - 1, 0, N - 1, postorder[N - 1]);
    bfs(getId(postorder[N - 1]));
    int l = tmp.size();
    for(int i = 0; i < l; ++i){
        if(tmp[i].second != 1 && tmp[i].second % 2 == 1){
            stack<int> st;
            while(tmp[i].second % 2 == 1){
                st.push(tmp[i].first);
                ++i;
            }
            --i;
            while(!st.empty()){
                ans.push_back(st.top());
                st.pop();
            }
        }
        else{
            ans.push_back(tmp[i].first);
        }
    }
    int len = ans.size();
    for(int i = 0; i < len; ++i){
        if(i) printf(" ");
        printf("%d", a[ans[i]]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

 

posted @ 2018-09-06 22:46  Somnuspoppy  阅读(198)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报