disk-AWS云磁盘在线扩容

AWS 云磁盘在线扩容

1.操作流程

1.控制台扩容磁盘卷大小
2.磁盘卷扩容完成后登录主机查看磁盘卷扩容结果
3.扩容磁盘卷大小
4.扩容磁盘分区大小

2.安装扩容工具

# growpart 为分区表修改工具
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum search growpart
yum install cloud-utils-growpart
apt install -y cloud-guest-utils

# Ubuntu 系统
apt install -y cloud-guest-utils

# GPT 分区需要安装以下工具
yum install gdisk -y

# xfs 文件系统扩容
yum install xfsprogs -y

3.磁盘扩容

3.1.查看磁盘状态

df -h
lsblk

# 查看分区类型,确认使用哪种扩容工具
file -s /dev/nvme?n*

3.2.修改分区表-自动识别修改

  • SSD 磁盘
# 修改分区表 ssd 磁盘
growpart /dev/xvdb 1
lsblk
  • NVME 磁盘
# 修改分区表 nvme 磁盘(根磁盘)
growpart /dev/nvme1n1 1
lsblk

# 修改磁盘分区表(第二磁盘)
growpart /dev/nvme0n1 1
lsblk

3.3.扩容磁盘分区-刷新文件系统

  • ext4 文件系统
# 扩容分区空间
resize2fs /dev/xvdb1
df -h

# 扩容分区空间(根磁盘)
resize2fs  /dev/nvme1n1p1
df -h

# 扩容分区空间(第二磁盘)
resize2fs /dev/nvme0n1p1
df -h
--------------------
  • xfs 文件系统,分区表修改和磁盘扩容可以一步到位
# 扩容磁盘(XFS 文件系统),参数可以使 设备名 /dev/vdb 或者 挂载点 /data
df -h
xfs_growfs -d /data
xfs_growfs -d /dev/vdb

lsblk
df -h|grep /dev/vdb

4.实例演示

4.1.SSD 磁盘

  • 实例演示:根分区由 8GB 扩容到 50GB
# 扩容前检查磁盘分区信息
-----------------
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1      7.8G  3.6G  3.9G  49% /          # 检查磁盘分区信息
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            1.9G   12K  1.9G   1% /dev
tmpfs           377M  352K  377M   1% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none            1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /run/shm
none            100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/xvdb        15G   39M   15G   1% /mnt

root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# lsblk
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda    202:0    0     8G  0 disk
└─xvda1 202:1   0     8G  0 part /             # 检查磁盘块信息
xvdb    202:16   0  15.3G  0 disk /mnt
xvdc    202:32   0  15.3G  0 disk

root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# file -s /dev/xvda
/dev/xvda: x86 boot sector

-----------------
# 扩容分区并检查磁盘信息
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# growpart /dev/xvda 1
CHANGED: partition=1 start=16065 old: size=16755795 end=16771860 new: size=104840190,end=104856255

# 磁盘容量扩容已生效,分区表已变更
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# lsblk
NAME    MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
xvda    202:0    0    50G  0 disk
└─xvda1 202:1    0   50G  0 part /            # 磁盘分区生效
xvdb    202:16   0  15.3G  0 disk /mnt
xvdc    202:32   0  15.3G  0 disk

# 此时磁盘可用容量未增加
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1      7.8G  3.6G  3.9G  49% /         # 修改分区表,容量还未生效
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            1.9G   12K  1.9G   1% /dev
tmpfs           377M  352K  377M   1% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none            1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /run/shm
none            100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/xvdb        15G   39M   15G   1% /mnt

# 扩容磁盘分区并检查分区信息
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# resize2fs /dev/xvda1
resize2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem at /dev/xvda1 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 4
The filesystem on /dev/xvda1 is now 13105023 blocks long.

# 此时磁盘可用容量已增加
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda1       50G  3.6G   44G   8% /         # 扩容完毕,容量生效
none            4.0K     0  4.0K   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev            1.9G   12K  1.9G   1% /dev
tmpfs           377M  352K  377M   1% /run
none            5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
none            1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /run/shm
none            100M     0  100M   0% /run/user
/dev/xvdb        15G   39M   15G   1% /mnt
---------------------------

4.2.NVME 磁盘

  • 根分区由 20GB 扩容到 100GB
# 扩容前检查磁盘状态
--------------------
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           764M   78M  687M  11% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p1   20G   15G  5.1G  74% /
tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           764M     0  764M   0% /run/user/0

root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# file -s /dev/nvme?n*
/dev/nvme0n1:   DOS/MBR boot sector
/dev/nvme0n1p1: Linux rev 1.0 ext4 filesystem data, UUID=01909065-0362-439c-9af2-29d0fc837f6b, volume name "cloudimg-rootfs"
(needs journal recovery) (extents)
(large files) (huge files)

-------------------
# 扩容后查看磁盘容量变更
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
nvme0n1     259:0    0  100G  0 disk                  # 磁盘大小已经修改为 100GB
└─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0   20G  0 part /               # 分区大小为 20GB

# 修改分区表
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# growpart /dev/nvme0n1 1
CHANGED: partition=1 start=2048 old: size=41940959 end=41943007 new: size=209713119,end=209715167

# 查看修改后的磁盘分区表
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
nvme0n1     259:0    0  100G  0 disk
└─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0  100G  0 part /              # 分区表已经扩容(识别)为 100GB

# 此时磁盘分区可用容量未生效
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           764M   78M  687M  11% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p1   20G   15G  5.1G  74% /               # 未执行 resize2fs 命令,磁盘容量未增加
tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           764M     0  764M   0% /run/user/0

# 扩容磁盘分区
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# resize2fs /dev/nvme0n1p1   # 执行扩容命令,扩容磁盘
resize2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Filesystem at /dev/nvme0n1p1 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 7
The filesystem on /dev/nvme0n1p1 is now 26214139 (4k) blocks long.

# 此时磁盘分区可用容量已经生效
root@zuiyoujie:/opt/tools# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           764M   78M  687M  11% /run
/dev/nvme0n1p1   97G   15G   83G  15% /              # 实际分区大小为 100GB
tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs           3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           764M     0  764M   0% /run/user/0
------------------------------------------------

10.参考地址

  • 扩展卷之后扩容文件系统(分区)容量
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/recognize-expanded-volume-linux.html#extend-linux-volume-partition
https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/113316.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.2.18.6fe75d6brpDtOv#concept-syg-jxz-2hb
posted @ 2020-11-24 12:03  天生帅才  阅读(1144)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
// 百度统计