python-requests模块

1、get请求

import requests

# get请求
url = 'http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/stu_info'
res = requests.get(url,params={'stu_name':'abc'})
print(res.json()) # 返回的json直接转成了字典
print(res.text) # 返回的就是字符串

print(res.status_code) # 返回的http状态码

print(res.content) # 返回的bytes类型，下载文件时用它

print(req.cookies) # 获取cookie

2、post请求

import requests

# post请求
url = "http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/user/login"
res = requests.post(url,data={"username":"xxx","passwd":"xxx"})
print(res.json())

 

3、传入cookie

• 通过参数cookies传递

  import requests
  
  url='http://qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/qun_mgr/get_group_list'
  data = {"bkn":208992859}
  
  # 方法一：传cookie，通过cookies参数
  # cookie，字典形式
  d = {}
  res = requests.post(url,data,cookies=d)
  print(res.json())

   

• 通过headers传递

  import requests
  
  url='http://qun.qq.com/cgi-bin/qun_mgr/get_group_list'
  data = {"bkn":208992859}
  
  #方法二：通过headers参数；抓包获取cookie
  header={'cookie':'pgv_pvi=6636933120; RK=gRZhhBpNbS; ptcz=14bab564718e3e1048a09cc0e18a23f7c51f20d5b93da610cc1427f51f63a2f8; pgv_pvid=4990195883; ts_uid=5190463916; uin=o0511402865; pgv_si=s7505852416; skey=@2ttDS8Ljw; p_uin=o0511402865; pt4_token=AgqIsYBhO1b82zx1N4SxoGpCxGV0d38ss7jCI1nYfIg_; p_skey=9nlMjw4Uy44*Hu5iL3DOFonmAtZtExiniLykrsIRKmM_; traceid=14035c8a79'}
  res = requests.post(url,data,headers=header)
  print(res.json())

   

4、上传文件

import requests

# 上传文件
url = 'http://api.nnzhp.cn/api/file/file_upload'
f = open('lzh.jpg','rb')
data = {'file':f}

res = requests.post(url,files=data)
print(res.json())
f.close()

 

5、下载文件

import requests

# 下载文件
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()
url = 'http://q4.qlogo.cn/g?b=qq&nk=1765242270&s=140'
req = requests.get(url)
f = open('lzh.jpg','wb')
f.write(req.content)
f.close()

 

6、传入json格式参数

import requests

# 传入json格式
url = 'https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=5bff54100519897063cdb582989b3debe0f6529efd10731b38e48b7a74459f08'
today = datetime.datetime.now()
d = {"msgtype":"text","text":{"content":"lzh,现在是%s,大家不要忘记写作业哦"% today}}
req = requests.post(url,json=d)
print(req.json())